Síndromes genéticos con manifestaciones oncológicas del tracto genitourinario / Genetic syndromes with oncologic manifestations at the genitourinary tract

La mayoría de los casos de manifestaciones malignas en el tracto genitourinario en la edad pediátrica son esporádicos siendo la neoplasia más frecuente, el tumor de Wilms'. De todos modos una minoría de los casos tienen una asociación a síndromes genéticos causados por la mutación de uno o más genes. Es por esto, la importancia de conocer las diferentes asociaciones y sus manifestaciones clínicas con el fin de identificar oportunamente las diferentes patologías para así tratarlas adecuadamente

Hypermethylation of Tumor-related Genes in Genitourinary Cancer Cell Lines

Hypermethylation of CpG island is a common mechanism for the inactivation of tumor-related genes. In the present study, we analyzed 13 genitourinary cancer cell lines for aberrant DNA methylation of 5 tumor-related genes using methylation- specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). GSTP1 was methylated in 5 (38.5%), E-cadherin in 1 (8%), VHL in 1 (8%), and MGMT and hMLH1 in none (0%). Six out of thirteen genitourinary cancer cell lines had methylation of at least one of five genes; 5 had one gene methylated, and, 1 had two genes methylated. Methylation of these 5 genes was not detected in any of the bladder cancer cell lines. GSTP1 was methylated in all of the 3 prostate cancer cell lines. We conclude that aberrant hypermethylation may be an important mechanism for the inactivation of cancer-related genes in kidney and prostate cancer cell lines.