Comparison of the efficacy of three types of Kirschner wire tension bands for ulnar olecranal fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect of three types of Kirschner wire tension band for olecranon fracture.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 64 patients with olecranon fracture treated by Kirschner wire tension band fixation from March 2016 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 19 patients were treated with intramedullary K-wires fixation(group A) including 8 males and 11 females with an average of (48.2±18.3) years old, 3 patients were typeⅠ, and 16 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification;20 patients were treated with transcortical K-wires fixation (group B) including 13 males and 7 females with an average of (43.5±20.4) years old, 3 patients were typeⅠand 17 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification;25 patients were treated with perforated Kirschner wire(group C) including 15 males and 10 females with an average of (55.2±17.5) years old, 4 patients were typeⅠand 21 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, times of Intraoperative fluoroscopy, fracture healing time and complications of 3 groups were compared. At the final follow-up, elbow function was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Function Scale.@*RESULTS@#There were differences in operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, postoperative VAS and soft tissue irritation among the three groups(P<0.05). The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times in group A and C was better than that in group B. The postoperative VAS score, skin irritability in group C was better than that of group B. The difference was statistically significant on Mayo elbow function score at the final follow-up among three groups(P<0.05), the scores of group A and C were higher than that of group B.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with transcortical K-wires screw fixation, both intramedullary K-wires screw fixation and perforated Kirschner wire fixation, which can significantly reduce the occurrence of soft tissue irritation, reduce surgical complications and shorten the operation time.

Olecranon osteotomy approach for Dubberley type Ⅲ coronal fractures of the distal humerus / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy of olecranon osteotomy approach in the treatment of Dubberley type Ⅲ coronal fractures of the distal humerus and summarize the treatment experience.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to June 2020, 17 patients (5 males and 12 females) with Dubberley type Ⅲ coronal fractures of the distal humerus were treated by olecranon osteotomy approach. The age ranged from 37 to78 years old with an average of (58.5±12.9) years old. According to Dubberley classification, there were 5 cases of type Ⅲ A and 12 cases of type Ⅲ B. The curative effect was evaluated using the Borberg-Morrey elbow function score. The flexion, extension and rotation range of motion of the elbow joint, complications and postoperative imaging evaluation were recorded.@*RESULTS@#All the 17 patients got bony union. The follow-up time ranged from 12 to 33 months with an average of (15.6±5.6) months. There was 1 case of ischemic necrosis of capitulum humeri, 2 cases of traumatic arthritis and 1 case of heterotopic ossification, 1 case of malunion of fracture. The range of motion was (114.80±19.50) °. The Broberg-Morrey score was 85.3±8.2, excellent in 5 cases, good in 9 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 0 case.@*CONCLUSION@#Through olecranon osteotomy approach, the articular surface of distal humerus could be fully exposed, and the operation is convenient. Anatomical reduction and rigid fixation of the articular surface of distal humerus are the key factors for the succesful outcome.

Olecranon osteotomy vs. triceps-sparing for open reduction and internal fixation in treatment of distal humerus intercondylar fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) was a standard treatment approach for fracture at distal humerus intercondylar, whereas the optimal way before ORIF remains inconclusive. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of olecranon osteotomy vs. triceps-sparing approach for patients with distal humerus intercondylar fracture.@*METHODS@#The electronic searches were systematically performed in PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure from initial inception till December 2019. The primary endpoint was the incidence of excellent/good elbow function, and the secondary endpoints included Mayo elbow performance score, duration of operation, blood loss, and complications.@*RESULTS@#Nine studies involving a total of 637 patients were selected for meta-analysis. There were no significant differences between olecranon osteotomy and triceps-sparing approach for the incidence of excellent/good elbow function (odds ratio [OR]: 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69-2.75; P = 0.371), Mayo elbow performance score (weight mean difference [WMD]: 0.17; 95% CI: -2.56 to 2.89; P = 0.904), duration of operation (WMD: 4.04; 95% CI: -28.60 to 36.69; P = 0.808), blood loss (WMD: 33.61; 95% CI: -18.35 to 85.58; P = 0.205), and complications (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 0.49-7.60; P = 0.349). Sensitivity analyses found olecranon osteotomy might be associated with higher incidence of excellent/good elbow function, longer duration of operation, greater blood loss, and higher incidence of complications as compared with triceps-sparing approach.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This study found olecranon osteotomy did not yield additional benefit on the incidence of excellent/good elbow function, while the duration of operation, blood loss, and complications in patients treated with olecranon osteotomy might be inferior than triceps-sparing approach.

Osteosíntesis de olécranon: Sistema absorbe-tracción utilizando suturas de alta resistencia / Internal fixation of olecranon fractures using tension band wiring and high resistance suture materials

Introducción: La reducción abierta y fijación interna mediante el sistema absorbe-tracción es un método que ha demostrado su eficacia y logra resultados predecibles en el tratamiento de las fracturas de olécranon tipos IIA y IIIA de la Clasificación de la Clínica Mayo. Considerada por muchos cirujanos como una técnica sencilla y reproducible a la hora de restaurar la anatomía y la continuidad del aparato extensor del codo, su empleo puede asociarse con una tasa de complicaciones relativamente alta, y no es infrecuente la necesidad de retirar el cerclaje de alambre previamente colocado. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si reemplazar el clásico alambre de 1,6 mm por suturas de alta resistencia aporta la estabilidad suficiente para el tratamiento de las fracturas de olécranon tipos IIA y IIIA, y analizar los resultados obtenidos en una serie de casos. Materiales y Métodos: Se estudió, en forma retrospectiva, a 25 pacientes consecutivos con fracturas de olécranon tipos IIA y IIIA, tratados mediante reducción abierta y fijación interna con sistema absorbe-tracción compuesto por alambres de Kirschner de 1,6 mm y suturas de alta resistencia (polietileno trenzado de alto peso molecular), con un seguimiento mínimo de 12 meses. Se evaluaron el tiempo de consolidación radiográfica, el rango de movilidad, el puntaje MEPS, y se registraron las complicaciones. Resultados: Todas las fracturas consolidaron, en un promedio de 6.83 semanas (rango 6-10). El puntaje MEPS promedio fue de 96,6 (rango 85-100). El arco total de movilidad promedio para la flexo-extensión activa del codo fue de 139° (rango 110-150°). La extensión promedio fue de -4,8° (rango 0-20°) y la flexión, de 143,8° (rango 130-150°). Se registraron cuatro casos de migración proximal de los alambres de Kirschner y un caso de pérdida de reducción de 3 mm en la tercera semana del posoperatorio. Dos pacientes requirieron una segunda intervención para retirar los alambres de Kirschner. Ninguno refirió dolor o molestias inherentes al uso de la sutura. Conclusiones: El sistema absorbe-tracción utilizando suturas de alta resistencia es una opción a la hora de realizar la osteosíntesis de una fractura de olécranon tipos IIA y IIIA. Los resultados clínicos y radiográficos han sido satisfactorios, con una baja tasa de complicaciones. El uso de suturas ultrarresistentes simplifica el procedimiento y disminuye la necesidad de una segunda intervención para retirar el alambre. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Objectives: Open reduction and internal fixation using tension band wiring is an efficient approach that offers predictable results in patients with olecranon fractures types 2A and 3A (Mayo Classification). Many surgeons consider it a simple and reproducible technique for restoring the anatomy responsible for elbow extension, as well as its functional continuity. This technique may be associated with a relatively high percentage of complications, as well as the need to remove the previous cerclage wire, if present. The purpose of our study was to determine if replacing the traditional 1.6 mm Kirschner wires with high resistance suture materials could reliably maintain reduction in patients with olecranon fractures types 2A and 3A (Mayo Classification), and to analyze the results. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients were studied retrospectively. All of them presented olecranon fractures types 2A and 3A (Mayo Classification), and were treated with open reduction and internal fixation using tension band wiring built with two 1.6 mm Kirschner wires and two high resistance sutures (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene). A minimum 12-month follow up was performed in all patients. Time to bone healing, range of motion and functional scores were evaluated and complications recorded. Results: All fractures healed in an average time of 6.83 weeks (range 6-10). The average Mayo score was 96.6 (range 85-100). The average range of motion for active elbow flexion-extension was 139 degrees (range 130-150). The average extension and flexion was -4.8 degrees (range 0 to -20) and 143.8 (range 130-150). Four cases of proximal migration of the Kirschner wires and one case of a 3 mm loss of reduction in the third postoperative week were reported. Two patients required a second intervention for removal of the Kirschner wires. None of the patients reported pain or discomfort as a a result of the sutures. Conclusions: Tension band wiring using high resistance suture materials is an adequate alternative for the surgical management of olecranon fractures types 2A and 3A (Mayo Classification). Clinical and radiological outcomes in this series were satisfactory, and the complication rate was low. The use of high resistance suture materials may simplify the procedure and reduce the need of a second intervention to remove the hardware. Level of Evidence: IV

Reconstrucción funcional y estética del codo (a propósito de un caso) / Functional and aesthetic reconstruction of the elbow (apropos of a case)

La reconstrucción de la región periolécranon es compleja, ya que requiere tejidos que tengan suficiente elasticidad y resistencia y que permitan una rápida recuperación. Cuando la etiología es tumoral, se debe tener en cuenta la exéresis completa de la lesión, la conservación de la funcionalidad del miembro y el aspecto estético, respetando ese orden. Presentamos la evolución de una paciente con un sarcoma de partes blandas en la región del codo que, tras su extirpación en bloque, se reconstruyó con un colgajo pediculado braquial lateral de flujo inverso, y que posteriormente, para mejorar su aspecto estético, se realizó lipoaspiración del colgajo y relleno graso de la zona dadora

The reconstruction of the peri-olecranon region is complex, requiring tissues with enough elasticity and strength, to ensure a rapid recovery. When the etiology is tumoral, complete excision of the lesion, the mobility of the limb, and the aesthetics should be taken into account, in that order. We present the evolution of a patient with soft tissue sarcoma in the elbow region, which was removed, and the elbow was reconstructed with a lateral brachial pedicle flap withreverse flow. Afterwards, to improve their aesthetic appearance, liposuction of the flap was performed, filling the donor site with fat.

Enxerto ósseo de olécrano para aumento do dorso nasal / Olecron bone graft for nasal dorsal augmentation", "_e": "n

INTRODUÇÃO: O planejamento cirúrgico nas rinoplastias para tratamento do "dorso em sela" apresentou grande avanço nas últimas décadas, em decorrência do melhor manejo de enxertos e implantes. Porém, a escolha desses materiais é tema de controvérsia e debates. As forças da cicatriz no nariz com deformidades tendem a subjugar qualquer tipo de reconstrução que não seja rígida ou semirrígida. Assim, o enxerto ósseo é uma boa opção, pois é estável, apresentando boa disponibilidade e confiabilidade nos resultados estéticos. O enxerto ósseo de olécrano é de fácil coleta, tem uma única espessura do córtex, característica importante para resistir à reabsorção, além de proporcionar resultado estético estável. Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir as vantagens da utilização do enxerto ósseo de olécrano em rinoplastias e demonstrar a experiência com esse tipo de procedimento. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, sendo realizada revisão dos prontuários de pacientes submetidos a enxerto ósseo de olécrano para aumento de dorso nasal, no período de janeiro de 2000 a janeiro de 2010, com acompanhamento por igual período, no Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica do Hospital Daher Lago Sul (Brasília, DF, Brasil). O controle de possível reabsorção do enxerto foi realizado com medidas antropométricas do nariz em documentação fotográfica, além de controle radiológico do enxerto. RESULTADOS: Foram operados 9 pacientes, sendo obtidos bons resultados estéticos. Em nenhum dos métodos para controle de possível reabsorção do enxerto ficou evidenciada alguma perda de projeção ou sinais de reabsorção óssea no acompanhamento com até 6 anos de pós-operatório. CONCLUSÕES: O enxerto de olécrano demonstrou ser uma boa opção para rinoplastias primárias ou secundárias, no tratamento do "dorso em sela", não tendo sido demonstrada reabsorção a longo prazo ou morbidade da área doadora, com bons resultados estéticos, previsíveis e duradouros.

BACKGROUND: Rhinoplasty surgery, performed for the treatment of "saddle-back" nose, has significantly improved in the last decades due to better management of grafts and implants. However, the choice of these materials is controversial and remains a subject of discussion. Scar contracture forces in nasal deformities prevent any type of reconstruction that is not rigid or semi-rigid. Therefore, the bone graft is an appropriate choice because it is stable, available, and reliable with regard to aesthetic outcomes. The olecranon bone graft is easily harvested and has a single cortical thickness, which is essential for resisting bone resorption and for providing long-lasting cosmetic results. The aim of this study is to discuss the advantages of the olecranon bone graft in rhinoplasty and to demonstrate our experience with this procedure. METHODS: In this descriptive and retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent olecranon bone grafting for nasal dorsal augmentation between January 2000 and January 2010 and were consequently followed-up for an equivalent period, at the Plastic Surgery Service of Hospital Daher Lago Sul (Daher Lago Sul Hospital, Brasília, DF, Brazil). Possible graft resorption was monitored by anthropometric measurements of the nose with photographic documentation and graft radiological control. RESULTS: Satisfactory aesthetic results were achieved for the 9 patients who underwent surgery. According to the examinations performed to monitor possible graft resorption, projection loss or signs of bone resorption were not observed for up to 6 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The olecranon bone graft proved to be a suitable choice for primary or secondary rhinoplasty to treat "saddle-back" nose, with no long-term resorption or morbidity of the donor area observed up to this point. Moreover, the olecranon bone graft provides satisfactory, predictable, and long-lasting aesthetic results.