O processo de institucionalização do esporte para pessoas com deficiência no Brasil: uma análise legislativa federal / The process of the institutionalization of sport for individuals with disabilities in Brazil: a federal legislative analysis

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as normativas legais que orientaram a conformação das estruturas organizacionais no campo esportivo, direcionadas às pessoas com deficiência no Brasil. Privilegiou-se o referencial teórico-metodológico da Nova História Cultural, assentando-se na análise de documentos legais, bem como de fontes orais, as quais consistem de três entrevistas com atletas que vivenciaram o período que antecedeu a criação do Comitê Paralímpico Brasileiro. Tais fontes foram submetidas à técnica da análise documental. O estudo demonstrou que o processo de institucionalização do esporte para pessoas com deficiência no Brasil foi marcado por um ritmo lento de consolidação, o que influenciou de maneira direta as ações das entidades esportivas e o desempenho dos atletas em competições. Com a criação do Comitê Paralímpico Brasileiro, em 2005, as ações foram centralizadas e uma nova conformação instaurou-se em âmbito nacional. Desde a segunda metade da década de 1990, o esporte paralímpico brasileiro demonstrou significativos avanços e resultados nos Jogos Paralímpicos. Espera-se, por meio desta versão da história, contribuir com outros estudos e também preservar a memória esportiva do país que sediará os Jogos Paralímpicos em 2016.

Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the legal norms that have underpinned the alignment of organizational structures in the area of sports directed to individuals with disabilities in Brazil. The theoretical and methodological benchmark of the New Cultural History was based on the analysis of legal documents, as well as oral sources, which consist of three interviews with athletes who have experienced the period before the creation of the Brazilian Paralympic Committee. These sources were subjected to the technique of document analysis. The study has shown that the process of the institutionalization of sport for people with disabilities in Brazil was marked by a slow pace of consolidation, which directly influenced the actions of sports entities and the athletes’ performance in competitions. With the creation of the Brazilian Paralympic Committee in 2005, the actions were centralized and a new Brazilwide structure was established. Since the second half of the 1990s, Brazilian Paralympic sport has made significant advances and reaped results in the Paralympic Games. The expectation is that this version of history will foster further studies and also preserve the sporting memory of the country that is hosting the Paralympic Games in 2016.

Los equipos profesionales de los departamentos de orientación educativo (DOE) en las escuelas medias del GCBA y su normativa: reseña de la historia e institucionalización de sus prácticas (1970-2014) / Teams of professionals in the departments of educational orientation (DOE) in the secondary schools of GCBA and the norm: review of the history and institutionalization of their practices

El presente artículo aborda desde un punto de vista histórico el proceso de institucionalización de las prácticas de los equipos de profesionales que trabajan en las escuelas medias dependientes del GCBA. El mismo se basa en material producido en la investigación para la tesis "Los equipos profesionales ante la vulnerabilidad social, institucional y subjetiva en los Departamentos de Orientación Educativa (DOE) de escuelas medias públicas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires: entre las normativas y las prácticas", de la Maestría en Ciencias Sociales con orientación en Educación de la FLACSO- Argentina, y en actualizaciones recientes respecto del tema abordado. El propósito es echar luz al lugar que ocupa la normativa y cómo se fueron definiendo las funciones de los agentes psicoeducativos del DOE en su recorrido histórico hasta la actualidad, identificando tres períodos clave para comprender los sentidos que orientan las prácticas, y definen la dimensión institucional de las mismas. Se describen y analizan las incumbencias de los cargos de Psicólogo, Psicopedagogo y Asesor Pedagógico, y las especificaciones reglamentarias que se introducen en la última década, con una mayor presencia de instancias de normativización y control gubernamental del Ministerio de Educación de la Ciudad, surgidas en el marco de las políticas de inclusión educativa y de la reforma de la escuela secundaria.

The current article addresses from a historical point of view the process of the institutionalization of practices by the teams of professionals working in the secondary schools that are dependent on the GCBA. This is based on the research material produced for the thesis, "Teams of professionals facing social, institutional, and subjective vulnerability in the Departments of Educational Orienta­tion (DOE) at public secondary schools in the city of Buenos Aires: between the norms and practices," for the Masters in Social Sciences with an orientation in Educa­tion at FLACSO-Argentina," as well as in recent updates of the issue being addressed here. The purpose is to highlight the place that the norm occupies and how the functions of the psycho-educational agents of the DOE came to be defined in their historical course up until now, along with the identification of three key periods to under­stand the sense that orient the practices and define their institutional dimension. We describe and analyze the tasks of those in the roles of psychologist, psycho-pedagogue, and pedagogical advisor, as well as the regula­tory specifictions introduced in the last decade, with a major presence of instances of standardization and governmental control from the City's Ministry of Educa­tion, emerging within the framework of the educational inclusion policies and the reform of the secondary school.

Capacidad del marco jurídico de las instituciones públicas de salud de México para apoyar la integración funcional / Capacity of the legal framework of public health institutions in Mexico to support their functional integration

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la capacidad del marco legal federal para gobernar el financiamiento de las instituciones públicas de salud mediante esquemas innovadores que les permiten comprar y vender servicios de salud de y a otros proveedores públicos, como una estrategia para mejorar su desempeño. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Con base en indicadores de alineamiento normativo respecto de la integración funcional entre instituciones proveedoras públicas y de gobernanza, se analizó el contenido de los programas nacionales de salud y de leyes y lineamientos oficiales pertinentes para la coordinación financiera. RESULTADOS: Se identificó un avance considerable en la implementación de convenios para la coordinación de las instituciones públicas. No obstante, el marco legal en apoyo al Sistema Nacional de Salud y al sector salud muestra deficiencias y contradicciones que limitan su alcance, mientras que el Padrón General de Salud carece del sustento legal necesario para convertirse en una herramienta de amplio beneficio para la integración. Si bien los convenios de intercambio de servicios están avanzando con base en tarifas y lineamientos compartidos, se carece de incentivos que promuevan su expansión. CONCLUSIONES: Es recomendable actualizar el marco legal para la coordinación del Sistema Nacional de Salud, procurando un enfoque más armónico y general que impulse la integración funcional.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the capacity of the federal legal framework to govern financing of health institutions in the public sector through innovative schemes -otherwise known as functional integration-, enabling them to purchase and sell health services to and from other public providers as a strategy to improve their performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on indicators of normative alignment with respect to functional integration across public health provider and governance institutions, content analysis was undertaken of national health programs and relevant laws and guidelines for financial coordination. RESULTS: Significant progress was identified in the implementation of agreements for the coordination of public institutions. While the legal framework provides for a National Health System and a health sector, gaps and contradictions limit their scope. The General Register of Health is also moving forward, yet it lacks the necessary legal foundation to become a comprehensive tool for integration. The medical service exchange agreements are also moving forward based on tariffs and shared guidelines. However, there is a lack of incentives to promote the expansion of these agreements. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended to update the legal framework for the coordination of the National Health System, ensuring a more harmonious and general focus to provide functional integration with the needed impulse.