Prevalence of the Intestinal Flukes Haplorchis taichui and H. yokogawai in a Mountainous Area of Phongsaly Province, Lao PDR

Phongsaly Province, located in the northernmost area of Lao PDR, was previously suggested to be endemic for the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini infection. To confirm, or rule out, this suggestion, the Phonxay village in the Khoua District, Phongsaly Province, was selected for a survey. Ten volunteers (8 men and 2 women aged 31-57 years) who consumed raw freshwater fish and had gastrointestinal troubles were treated with a single dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg) and pyrantel pamoate (10 mg/kg) and purged with magnesium sulfate to recover any worm parasites. Eight of the 10 volunteers expelled 1 or more species of trematodes, nematodes, or cestodes (worm positive rate; 80%). The worms were morphologically identified as H. taichui (861 worms from 8 people), H. yokogawai (59 from 6 people), Phaneropsolus bonnei (1 from 1 person), Trichostrongylus sp. (2 from 2 people), Ascaris lumbricoides (2 from 1 person), Enterobius vermicularis (11 from 3 people), and Taenia saginata (1 strobila with scolex from 1 person). The results indicate that the mountainous area of Phongsaly Province, Lao PDR, is not endemic for the liver fluke but endemic for intestinal flukes, in particular, Haplorchis taichui and H. yokogawai.

Utilização de fenbendazole e da associação febantel, pamoato de pirantel e praziquantel no controle de oxiurídeos em gerbis / Use of fenbendazole and the febantel, pamoato of pirantel and praziquantel association in the control of oxiurids in jirds

Eighteen jirds were equally distributed in two treated and one control groups. The commercial products to the fenbendazole base (10mg) and the association of febantel (1.5mg), pirantel (1.44mg) and praziquantel (0.5mg) were orally administred in the concentration of 0.1ml in each group. The effectiveness of febendazole against oxiurids was 81.8 percent, 65.0 and 38.7 percent and for the association of febantel, pirantel and praziquantel was 72.7 percent, 73.8 percent and 51.0 percent on days 7, 14 and 21, respectively. Three applications of that dose of the tested medications, within intervals of 10 days, associated to hygiene, are recommended.

Eficacia antihelmintica del pamoato de oxantel-pirantel sobre ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura y anquilostomideos / Anthelmintic efficacy of oxantel pyrantel palmoate againts ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura and hookworms

Evaluar la eficacia antihelmíntica del Pamoato de Oxantel-Pirantel en 89 individuos de un sector marginal del Municipio Maracaibo, infestado por Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura y Anquilostomideos. Se analizó una muestra fecal de cada individuo mediante examen al fresco, concentración con formol-éter y recuento de huevos por la técnica de Stoll, antes y después y después del tratamiento. El antihelmíntico se administró a dosis única de 10 a 15 mg/kg-p. Se determinó la prevalencia y las asociaciones parasitarias. Se clasificó la población según intensidad de infestación y se evaluó la eficacia antihelmíntica a través de tasa de cura y prueba de reducción de huevos. T.trichiura fue el helminto más prevalente con un 74.2 por ciento de los casos, seguido por A.lumbricoides 62.9 por ciento y Alquilostomideos 20.2 por ciento. El poliparasitismo se presentó en el 51.7 por ciento y se demostró relación de afinidad entre A.lumbricoides y T.trichiura. La tasa de cura y la prueba de reducción de huevos para A.lumbricoides fue del 100 por ciento, para T.trichiura fue el 62.1 por ciento y 63.6 por ciento, y para Anquilostomideos fue del 61.1 por ciento y 38.2 por ciento. Pamoato de Oxantel-Pirantel mostró eficacia contra A.lumbricoides independiente del grado de infestación. Para T.trichiura y Anquilostomideos no se obtuvo una respuesta exitosa

Eficácia anti-helmíntica de três doses de uma associaçäo de pamoato de pyrantel, pamoato de oxantel e praziquantel em gatos naturalmente infectados / Anthelmintic efficacy of three doses of an association of pyrantel pamoate plus, oxantel pamoate and praziquantel in naturally infected cats

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade anti-helmíntica de três diferentes doses de uma associaçäo de pamoato de pyrantel, pamoato de oxantel e praziquantel em dose única e via oral, em gatos naturalmente parasitados. Os animais foram obtidos no Centro de Controle de Zoonoses do Município de Diadema (SP) e divididos em quatro grupos de oito animais cada, baseados nos resultados de exames coproparasitológicos. Os gatos do Grupo 1 näo receberam tratamento, os do Grupo 2 foram tratados com 5 mg de pamoato de pyrantel, 5 mg de pamoato de oxantel e 2,5 mg de praziquantel/kg de peso vivo (pv). Os gatos de Grupo 3 receberam 10 mg de pamoato de pyrantel, 10 mg de pamoato de oxantel e 5 mg de praziquantel/kg pv e aos animais do Grupo 4 foram ministrados 20 mg de pamoato de pyrantel, 20 mg de pamoato de oxantel e 10 mg de praziquantel/kg pv. Calculou-se a porcentagem de reduçäo do número de ovos presentes nas fezes e a porcentagem de eficácia. As médias dos números de ovos tiveram um decréscimo significativo já no segundo dia pós-tratamento, independente da dose de medicamento utilizada. Houve decréscimo, näo significativo, dos números de formas imaturas de Toxocara cati e de Ancylostoma spp. nos grupos tratados e significativo em relaçäo às formas adultas. A porcentagem de eficácia contra Toxocara cati foi de 93,0 por cento; 97,6 por cento e 100,0 por cento para os grupos 2, 3 e 4, respectivamente. Em relaçäo ao Ancylostoma spp. a eficácia foi de 96,5 por cento, 99,0 por cento e 100,0 por cento. O produto mostrou-se eficaz contra Dipylidium caninum, mas näo atuou sobre Physaloptera spp. e Strongyloides stercoralis, no esquema de administraçäo utilizado

Estudio comparativo del régimen de dosificación única entre albendazol y pamoato de pirantel para tratamiento de enterobiasis en población infantil del Barrio "José A. Anzoátegui" de la ciudad de Puerto La Cruz. 1993 / Comparative study of single dossification regimen between albendazole and pamoate for the treatment of enterobiasis in infant poblation of Barrio \"José A. Anzoátegui\" of the Puerto La Cruz city, 1993

Es poca la importancia que se ha dado a la búsqueda de un tratamiento fácil de administrar, más inocuo y económico para la oxiuriasis, una de las helmintiasis más frecuentes de la población infantil. Esta investigación establece la eficacia de una dosis única de 100 mg. de albendazol al compararla con un fármaco de reconocida eficacia contra esta helmintiasis como el pamoato de pirantel a dosis única de 11 mg/kg peso. Se realizó el diagnóstico de oxiuriasis en 126 niños de 2 a 11 años mediante el método de la cinta adhesiva de Grahan considerándose infectados aquellos que presentaran huevos de Enterobius vermicularis en al menos una de tres muestras seriadas, obteniéndose 62 casos positivos 30 de los cuales recibieron albendazol y 30 pamoato de piratel. A los siete días se repitió el procedimiento diagnóstico seriado obteniendo que ambos fármacos son igualmente eficaces contra la oxiuriasis, curando con albendazol el 93.3 por ciento de los casos y con pamoato de pirantel 100 por ciento, con una diferencia estadísticamente no significativa (p>0.05) con efectos colaterales en 30 por ciento y 13.3 por ciento de los niños tratados respectivamente, siendo la ausencia de colaterales no significativa entre ambos fármacos (p>0.05). Concluimos que ante un niño con oxiuriasis se pueden usar indistintamente dosis únicas de albendazol y pamoato de pirantel, a 100 mg y 11 mg/kg peso respectivamente, con sólo 25 por ciento de la dosis usual de albendazol, con 50 por ciento de sus efectos colaterales, a 25 por ciento del costo y con la posibilidad de tratar cuatro veces más pacientes sin conocer su peso

Studies on the control of hookworm and other soil-transmitted helminthiases in farmers in Zhejiang Province, China.

Different periodic selective chemotherapeutic schemes were used to control hookworm and other soil-transmitted helminthiases in eight villages in five counties in Zhejiang Province, China, 1985-1988. The results showed that the prevalence rates of hookworm, ascariasis, and trichuriasis decreased from 35.0-74.4%, 47.0-.76% and 22.9-47.5% to 3.2-15.8%, 9.9-47.8%, and 3.5-31.2%, respectively, using pyrantel pamoate (10 mg/kg for 1-2 days) or albendazole (400 mg for 1-2 days, once or twice a year for 2-3 years). The eggs per gram of feces of hookworm and Trichuris trichiura also dropped markedly after control. Moreover, the mean hemoglobin levels of sampled populations increased after several treatments. The authors recommend periodic selective chemotherapy as the main method to control soil-transmitted helminthiases, especially hookworm infections.

Periodic deworming with pyrantel in an industrial township.

Between June 1986 and September 1987 a population of 100 families was dewormed every 3 months (quarter) by using a single dose of pyrantel. Stool samples were examined by Kato's thick smear method; height (m), weight (kg), hemoglobin concentration (g/dl) and clinical morbidity were recorded before each deworming treatment. Clinical morbidity was recorded in another 100 control families who did not receive anthelmlntics. There were 477 and 490 individuals in the study and the control families respectively. In the study group the prevalence of roundworm was reduced from 10.3% to to 0% and that of hookworm infection was reduced from 2.9% to 0% after 2 quarters. At the end of the 4th quarter the mean hemoglobin rose by 0.1 g/dl (P less than 0.01) and the mean BMI increased by 0.37 (P less than 0.01). There was a significant reduction in the clinical morbidity in the study group compared with the control group (P less than 0.05). There were no side effects reported to pyrantel treatment. Thus quarterly treatment with pyrantel was found to be effective in keeping roundworm and hookworm prevalence at 0% in an industrial township.