Lesions caused by anisakid and capillariid in Cairina moschata raised on Marajó island, state of Pará, Brazil / [Lesões por anisakideos e capillariideos em Cairina moschata criados na Ilha de Marajó, estado do Pará, Brasil]

The Muscovy duck is a commercially important bird on the island of Marajó usually raised in a peculiar system that includes supplying fish viscera to the birds under semi-extensive farming conditions. This enables a risk of contamination and losses in the production of these birds, resulting from injuries caused by helminth infections, especially nematodes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes caused by nematodes of the genera: Eucoleus, Anisakis and Contracaecum. Thirty-three ducks with lesions in the esophagus and ventricle were analyzed. Histopathological exams showed a mild inflammatory infiltrate in the submucosa of the esophagus caused by the fixation of E. contortus and third stage larvae of Anisakis sp., and we recorded third stage larvae of Contracaecum sp. parasitizing the ventricle, this being the first record of this parasite in ducks in Brazil.(AU)

O pato doméstico é uma ave amplamente comercializada na Ilha de Marajó, com um peculiar manejo que inclui a oferta de vísceras de peixes aos animais em criações semiextensivas, propiciando, assim, risco de contaminação e perdas na produção dessas aves decorrentes de lesões oriundas de infecções por helmintos, especialmente os nematódeos. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar as alterações histopatológicas causadas por nematódeos dos gêneros: Eucoleus, Anisakis e Contracaecum. Foram analisados 33 patos, e três exemplares apresentaram lesões no esôfago e no ventrículo. Exames histopatológicos demonstraram discreto infiltrado inflamatório na submucosa do esôfago ocasionado pela fixação de E. contortus e larvas de terceiro estágio de Anisakis sp., bem como foram registradas larvas de terceiro estágio de Contracaecum sp. parasitando o ventrículo, sendo esse o primeiro registro desse parasito em patos no Brasil.(AU)

First report of Anisakis sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitizing Muscovy duck in Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil / Primeiro relato de Anisakis sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitando pato doméstico na Ilha de Marajó, estado do Pará, Brasil

Abstract Among the avian used for human consumption, the Muscovy duck is well adapted to various climatic conditions and its breeding is widespread due to its easy handling, and its meat is widely consumed and appreciated, especially in the cuisine of northern Brazil. The present study aimed to report and identify taxonomically the nematodes found in the esophagus of Muscovy ducks reared and marketed in the municipality of Soure, Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil, and discuss its zoonotic potential to human. The samples consisted of 30 specimens of Cairina moschata domestica analyzed. A total of 258 nematodes were recovered, which were strongly fixed in the esophageal mucosa of hosts. The morphological and morphometric characteristics were compatible with Anisakis third-stage larvae.

Resumo Entre as aves utilizadas para consumo humano, o pato doméstico está bem adaptado às várias condições climáticas. Sua criação é muito difundida devido ao seu fácil manejo. E sua carne é amplamente consumida e apreciada, principalmente na culinária do norte do Brasil. O presente estudo teve como objetivo relatar e identificar taxonomicamente os nematódeos encontrados no esôfago de patos domésticos, criados e comercializados no município de Soure, Ilha de Marajó, estado do Pará, Brasil. E também discutir o seu potencial zoonótico para o homem. As amostras consistiram em 30 espécimes de Cairina moschata domestica analisados. Um total de 258 nematódeos foram recuperados, fortemente fixados na mucosa esofágica dos hospedeiros. As características morfológicas e morfométricas foram compatíveis com as larvas de terceiro estágio de Anisakis.

Zoonotic Echinostome Infections in Free-Grazing Ducks in Thailand

Free-grazing ducks play a major role in the rural economy of Eastern Asia in the form of egg and meat production. In Thailand, the geographical location, tropical climate conditions and wetland areas of the country are suitable for their husbandry. These environmental factors also favor growth, multiplication, development, survival, and spread of duck parasites. In this study, a total of 90 free-grazing ducks from northern, central, and northeastern regions of Thailand were examined for intestinal helminth parasites, with special emphasis on zoonotic echinostomes. Of these, 51 (56.7%) were infected by one or more species of zoonotic echinostomes, Echinostoma revolutum, Echinoparyphium recurvatum, and Hypoderaeum conoideum. Echinostomes found were identified using morphological criteria when possible. ITS2 sequences were used to identify juvenile and incomplete worms. The prevalence of infection was relatively high in each region, namely, north, central, and northeast region was 63.2%, 54.5%, and 55.3%, respectively. The intensity of infection ranged up to 49 worms/infected duck. Free-grazing ducks clearly play an important role in the life cycle maintenance, spread, and transmission of these medically important echinostomes in Thailand.

Prevalência de helmintos em patos domésticos Cairina moschatadom. (Linné) (Anseriformes, Anatidae, Cairinini, Cairina) provenientesde criações extensivas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Prevalence of helmintos in domestic ducks Cairina moschata dom. (Linné)

De março a agosto de 2002 foi realizado um levantamento de parasitos em trinta patos domésticos criados extensivamenteoriundos de seis municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro, através de exames clínicos, necropsias e amostras de tecidosafetados. Dezessete aves estavam parasitadas por oito diferentes espécies de helmintos. A prevalência e a intensidade médiade infecção entre as aves parasitadas foram registradas. O presente trabalho registra, pela primeira vez no Brasil, nematóides da espécie Capillaria phasianina nestes hospedeiros.

From March to August 2002 a survey concerning the parasites of the muscovy ducks ( Cairina moschata dom.) was carried out.These waterfowls were originated from six counties of Rio de Janeiro state and were bred in free-range system. This researchwas based in clinic examination, necropsies and tissue samples collection for histopathology of 30 waterfowls. Birds wereclassified in to two-aged groups: young ones (3 – 5 months, n = 10) and adult ones (5,5 – 36 months, n = 20). Seventeen ducks.