[Otologic problems in turner syndrome]

Turner syndrome is the most common sex chromosome abnormality in females, affecting an estimated 3% of all conceiving females. Otologic disease is a common problem in Turner syndrome patients that is due to a combination of small dysfunction Eustachian tube, palatal dysfunction and cochlear malformation. This study assessed the otologic and audiologic characteristics of a group of Turner syndrome patients. We studied 40 Turner patients aged 10 to 20 years [mean age: 15.84 years, SD= 2.67]. Pure tone audiometry was carried out for all of them. Forty percent of the patients reported a history of middle ear disease. Analysis of audiometric data in 40 patients tested reveals normal hearing in 47.5%, pure sensorineural hearing loss in 32.5%, pure conductive hearing loss in 17.5% and mixed hearing loss in 2.5% of patients. Careful follow up during early childhood of children with turner syndrome is necessary to detect middle ear disease and prevent the probable sequel. However, long term periodic follow up is mandatory even after resolution of middle ear disease to detect sensorineural hearing loss

Frequency dependence of hearing loss with perforations.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in different sizes of pars tensa perforation in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) tubo-tympanic type undergoing myringoplasty. A total of 50 patients were recruited from the outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery in TU Teaching Hospital from June 2003 to May 2004. Cases of CSOM tubo-tympanic type with dry central perforation, conductive type of hearing loss were subjected to myringoplasty. Preoperative audiometric evaluations were done. While operating under microscope diameter of perforations were measured and perforations were grouped according to the size. This study showed that the hearing loss was found to be more at lower frequencies and less as the frequencies increased. Hearing loss is more marked at lower frequencies as compared to higher frequencies, irrespective any size or location of perforation of pars tensa.

Programa de triagem auditiva neonatal: associação entre perda auditiva e fatores de risco / Newborn hearing screening program: association between hearing loss and risk factors

TEMA: perda auditiva em neonatos. OBJETIVOS: verificar a prevalência de alterações auditivas em neonatos do Hospital São Paulo, observando se há correlação com as variáveis: peso de nascimento, idade gestacional, relação peso e idade gestacional e fatores de risco para deficiência auditiva. MÉTODO: realizou-se uma análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de 1696 recém nascidos, sendo 648 nascidos pré-termo e 1048 a termo. Todas as crianças foram submetidas à avaliação audiológica constituída por pesquisa das emissões otoacústicas transientes e do reflexo cocleopalpebral e medidas de imitância acústica, estabelecendo-se o diagnóstico do tipo e grau de perda. RESULTADOS: a perda auditiva neurossensorial foi identificada em 0,82 por cento das crianças nascidas a termo, e 3,1 por cento das crianças pré-termo (com diferença estatisticamente significante). A perda auditiva condutiva foi a mais freqüente nas duas populações sendo observada em 14,6 por cento das crianças nascidas a termo e 16,3 por cento das crianças pré-termo. Houve suspeita de alterações do sistema auditivo central em 5,8 por cento das crianças pré-termo e 3,3 por cento das crianças a termo. Na população de crianças nascidas a termo, houve correlação significante entre falha na triagem auditiva e os riscos antecedente familiar e síndrome, sendo 37 vezes maior a chance de uma criança com síndrome falhar na triagem e sete vezes maior a chance de falhar na orelha direita quando esta tiver antecedente familiar de perda auditiva. Quanto menor a idade gestacional (< 30 semanas) e o peso ao nascimento (< 1500g), três vezes mais chance de falhar na triagem auditiva. CONCLUSÕES: houve maior ocorrência de perda auditiva nas crianças pré-termo de UTI neonatal. A idade gestacional e o peso de nascimento foram variáveis importantes relacionadas na probabilidade de falha na triagem auditiva. Houve correlação entre o fator de risco síndrome e a perda auditiva neurossensorial em crianças nascidas a termo.

BACKGROUND: hearing loss in newborns. Aim: to verify the prevalence of auditory alterations in newborns of Hospital São Paulo (hospital), observing if there are any correlations with the following variables: birth weight, gestational age, relation weight/gestational age and risk factors for hearing loss. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of the hospital records of 1696 newborns; 648 records of preterm infants and 1048 records of infants born at term. All of the infants had been submitted to an auditory evaluation consisting of: Transient Otoacoustic Emissions, investigation of the cochleal-palpebral reflexes and acoustic imittance tests, identifying the type and level of hearing loss. RESULTS: sensorineural hearing loss was identified in .82 percent of the infants who were born at term and in 3.1 percent of the preterm infants - with a statistically significant difference. Conductive hearing loss was the most frequent type of hearing loss in both groups, occurring in 14.6 percent of the term infants and in 16.3 percent of the preterm infants. Alteration of the central auditory system was considered as a possible diagnosis for 5.8 percent of the preterm infants and for 3.3 percent of the term infants. For the group of infants who were born at term, a significant correlation was observed between failure in the hearing screening test and the presence of risk factors such as family history and presence of a syndrome - the child who presented a syndrome had 37 times more chances of failing in the hearing screening test and seven times more chances of failing in the right ear when there was a family history for hearing loss. The lower the gestational age (< 30 weeks) and birth weight (< 1500g), the higher the chances of failing in the hearing screening test (3 times more). CONCLUSION: hearing loss had a higher occurrence in preterm infants who remained in the ICU. Gestational age and birth weight were important variables related to the possibility...

An epidemiological study of hearing loss in a slum in Pune.

A survey of 690 randomly selected person from a urban slum at Pune was conducted to screen hearing loss clinically. Otitis media was found to be the commonest cause for loss of hearing. Control measures were recommended.