Influence des facteurs épidémio-cliniques dans le résultat fonctionnel de la septoplastie: étude de 250 cas / Epidemiological and clinical predictive factors of success in septoplasty: Study of 250 patients

to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects, to evaluate the surgical result and to identify the prognostic factors for the success of septoplasty. Methods: It was a retrospective study including 250 patients operated on for a septoplasty collected over a 6-yearperiod. The evaluation of our results was made using 2 tools: NOSE scale and the visual satisfaction scale. Results: In our series, there was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.4. The mean age of the patients was 32.7 years. The medical history was dominated by allergic rhinitis in 38.4% of cases. Nasal trauma was noted in 45.2% of cases. A subjective quantification of respiratory discomfort by the NOSE score made it possible to divide them into 3 groups:Group 1: Severe ON: 65.2% of cases; Group 2: Moderate ON: 31.6% of cases; Group 3: Mild ON: 3.2% of cases. Our analytical study of the epidemiological and clinical factors that may influence the functional results showed that: Severe or moderate overall discomfort, severe ON (NOSE scale> 50) or moderate (NOSE scale between 26 and 50), DS classified zone I, II, III according to the Cottle classification, a quasi-obstructive deviation were considered as a predictor of the success of septoplasty. Conclusion: Several factors can influence the results of a septoplasty that must be considered before any surgical indication.

Resultados posoperatorios de cierre quirúrgico de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago / Surgical outcomes of nasal septal perforation repair with cartilage grafts

Introducción: las perforaciones septales y su corrección quirúrgica constituyen un reto para los otorrinolaringólogos. En la literatura se describen diferentes técnicas para el cierre de las perforaciones septales; sin embargo, sus resultados en términos de efectividad son muy variables y con pocos pacientes. Desde hace 8 años se viene realizando la técnica de cierre de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago en el servicio de otorrinolaringología del Hospital de San José, y se ha observado una respuesta clínica exitosa. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir los resultados posoperatorios de los pacientes manejados con la técnica de cierre quirúrgico de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago, en términos de aparición de complicaciones y frecuencia de perforación septal residual. Materiales y métodos: mediante un estudio de cohorte descriptiva se presentan los pacientes manejados con la técnica de cierre quirúrgico de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago de banco o cartílago autólogo. Se incluyen pacientes a partir enero de 2014 a junio 2018. De la historia clínica se extrajeron los datos demográficos, clínicos, complicaciones y presentación de perforación septal residual. Resultados: la tasa de éxito de cierre de perforación septal fue de 78,3 %; siendo las etiologías más frecuentes antecedente de cirugía e idiopática. La complicación más común fue epistaxis en el 26 % de los pacientes, seguida de dolor en el 21,7 % en el posoperatorio mediato, el cual mejoró en los controles posteriores. Conclusión: los resultados con la técnica de cierre de perforación septal con injerto de banco fueron satisfactorios en esta población.

Introduction: septal perforations and surgical correction are a challenge for ENT specialists. Several techniques for closing septal perforations are described in the literature; however, its results in terms of effectiveness are variable and with small sample sizes. The technique of closure of septal perforation with cartilage grafts has been performed for 8 years in the ENT department of Hospital de San José with a successful clinical response. Aims: to describe the postoperative results of patients managed with the technique of surgical closure of septal perforation with cartilage grafts, in terms of complications and frequency of residual septal perforation. Design: descriptive cohort study. Methods: a cohort of patients managed with the surgical closure technique of septal perforation with grafts of bank cartilage or autologous cartilage are described. Patients were included from January 2014 to June 2018. Demographic, clinical data, complications and presentation of residual septal perforation were extracted from the clinical history. Results: The success rate of septal perforation closure was 78.3 %; being the most frequent etiologies antecedent of surgery and idiopathic. The most common complication was epistaxis in 26 % of patients, followed by pain in 21.7 % in the postoperative period, which improved in subsequent controls. Conclusion: the results with the technique of closure of septal perforation with bank grafting were satisfactory in this population.

Nasal Septum Perforation Associated to Histoplasmosis: A Retrospective Study

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of nasal septum perforation associated to Histoplasma sp. Material and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted with patients who developed nasal septum perforation associated to histoplasmosis. The diagnosis was made based on clinical manifestations and confirmed with mycological direct examination with Giemsa stain, culture, serologic tests (immunodiffusion method), and histopathology with hematoxylin-eosin, Grocott methenamine (GMS) and Periodic Acid-Schiff stain (PAS). Results: Out of 1654 medical records reviewed with diagnosis of histoplasmosis in the study period, we found 22 cases with nasal septum perforation. Autoimmune disease was present in 6 patients; all six were on immunosuppressive treatment. Two patients had HIV/AIDS, one of them had also paracoccidiodomycoses and the remaining had no apparent underlying disease or conditions. Conclusion: Physicians of endemic areas such as Venezuela, must consider this entity in the differential diagnosis with other diseases.

A new classification for septal perforation and effects of treatment methods on quality of life / Nova classificação para perfuração septal e efeitos dos métodos de tratamento na qualidade de vida

Abstract Introduction: Septal perforation is a condition characterized by loss of cartilage and/or bony structures along with the mucoperichondrium and mucoperiosteum lining them. The etiology includes a history of nasal surgery or trauma, nose picking, bilateral septal cauterization, overuse of nasal sprays, cocaine abuse, vasculitis, and malignancies. Objective: Comparison of quality of life in patients with septal perforation after conservative or surgical treatment, and a new approach for the determination of the diameter of the perforation from a different point of view. Methods: The diameter of septal perforation, total vertical diameter of septum, and horizontal diameter of the perforation were measured in a total of 34 patients. Nineteen of the patients underwent surgical septal perforation repair, and 15 of them received septal button application. The patients were asked to complete the Glasgow Benefit Inventory quality of life questionnaire. Results: The septal perforation successfully healed in 18 of 19 patients who underwent surgical treatment. The quality of life scores were statistically significantly higher in the surgical treatment group when compared to the button group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The septal perforation classification we propose would be beneficial for providing realistic dimensions, treatment methods, and surgical techniques.

Resumo Introdução: A perfuração septal é uma condição caracterizada pela perda de estruturas cartilaginosas e/ou ósseas, juntamente com o mucopericôndrio e o mucoperiósteo que as revestem. A etiologia inclui um histórico de cirurgia nasal ou trauma, cutucar o nariz, cauterização septal bilateral, uso excessivo de sprays nasais, abuso de cocaína, vasculite e neoplasias malignas. Objetivo: Comparar a qualidade de vida em pacientes com perfuração septal após tratamento conservador ou cirúrgico e uma nova abordagem para a determinação do diâmetro da perfuração sob um diferente ponto de vista. Método: O diâmetro da perfuração septal, o diâmetro vertical total do septo e o diâmetro horizontal da perfuração foram medidos em 34 pacientes; 19 foram submetidos ao reparo cirúrgico da perfuração septal e 15 receberam a aplicação do botão septal. Os pacientes foram solicitados a preencher o questionário de qualidade de vida Glasgow Benefit Inventory. Resultados: A perfuração septal cicatrizou com sucesso em 18 de 19 pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico. Os escores de qualidade de vida foram estatisticamente significativamente maiores no grupo de tratamento cirúrgico quando comparados aos do grupo que recebeu o botão septal (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A classificação de perfuração septal que fizemos seria benéfica para fornecer dimensões, métodos de tratamento e técnicas cirúrgicas realistas.

Repair of Nasal Septal Perforation Using Polycaprolactone Plate and Temporalis Fascia Graft

Resultados postoperatorios de cierre quirúrgico de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago / Surgical outcome of nasal septal perforation repair with cartilage grafts

Introducción: las perforaciones septales y su corrección quirúrgica constituyen un reto para los otorrinolaringólogos. Se encuentran descritas en la literatura diferentes técnicas para el cierre de las perforaciones septales; sin embargo, sus resultados en términos de efectividad son muy variables y con pocos pacientes. Desde hace 8 años se viene realizando la técnica de cierre de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago en el servicio de otorrinolaringología del Hospital San José y se ha observado una respuesta clínica exitosa. Objetivo: describir los resultados postoperatorios de los pacientes manejados con la técnica de cierre quirúrgico de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago, en términos de aparición de complicaciones y frecuencia de perforación septal residual. Diseño: estudio de tipo cohorte descriptiva. Metodología: se describe una cohorte de pacientes manejados con la técnica de cierre quirúrgico de perforación septal con injertos de cartílago de banco o cartílago autólogo. Se incluyeron pacientes a partir de enero de 2014 a junio de 2018. Se extrajeron de la historia clínica los datos demográficos, clínicos, complicaciones y presentación de perforación septal residual. Resultados: la tasa de éxito de cierre de perforación septal fue de 78,3 %; siendo las etiologías más frecuentes antecedente de cirugía e idiopática. La complicación más común fue epistaxis en el 26 % de los pacientes, seguida de dolor en el 21,7 % en el postoperatorio mediato, el cual mejoró en los controles posteriores. Conclusión: los resultados con la técnica de cierre de perforación septal con injerto de banco fueron satisfactorios en esta población.

Introduction: septal perforations and surgical correction are a challenge for ENT specialists. Several techniques for closing septal perforations are described in the literature; however, its results in terms of effectiveness are very variable and with small sample sizes. The technique of closure of septal perforation with cartilage grafts has been performed for 8 years in the ENT department of San José Hospital with a successful clinical response. Aims: to describe the postoperative results of patients managed with the technique of surgical closure of septal perforation with cartilage grafts, in terms of complications and frequency of residual septal perforation. Design: descriptive cohort study. Methods: a cohort of patients managed with the surgical closure technique of septal perforation with grafts of bank cartilage or autologous cartilage are descrived. Patients were included from January 2014 to June 2018. Demographic, clinical data, complications and presentation of residual septal perforation were extracted from the clinical history Results: The success rate of septal perforation closure was 78.3%; being the most frequent etiologies antecedent of surgery and idiopathic. The most common complication was epistaxis in 26% of patients, followed by pain in 21.7% in the postoperative period, which improved in subsequent controls. Conclusion: the results with the technique of closure of septal perforation with bank grafting were satisfactory in this population.

Two Cases of Septal Perforation Repair using Posterior Margin Based Hinge Flap

Nasal septal perforation is a defect of cartilage, bone, or mucosa of the nasal septum. Nasal septal perforation has several potential causes such as previous septal surgeries, trauma, malignancy, inflammation, or drugs. According to previous studies, successful surgical outcome is affected by the size and location of the perforation. Although many surgical techniques have been reported, there is no standardized nor consistent surgical method for repairing nasal septal perforation. This report suggests a new surgical technique of repairing septal perforation using a posterior perforation-margin-based hinge flap.

A Securing Suture Technique of Autologous Cartilage for the Prevention of Septal Perforation during Septal Surgery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Septoplasty is a commonly performed operation in otolaryngological practice. In cases of septal mucosal tearing, septal perforation can easily occur. The aim of this study was to investigate patients who underwent an autologous cartilage securing suture technique to prevent nasal septal perforation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 403 patients who underwent septoplasty alone or with endoscopic sinus surgery for the past three years were enrolled in this study. Septal mucosal tearing occurred in 27 patients. In group 1 (15 patients), autologous cartilage was inserted between the injured mucosa. In group 2 (12 patients), autologous cartilage was inserted between the injured mucosa with a securing suture technique. We investigated the septal perforation rate between the two groups. RESULTS: In group 1, septal perforation occurred in 7 of 15 patients (46.6%) and in group 2 there were no perforations. The occurrence rate of perforation in group 2 was significantly lower than that in group 1 (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The securing suture technique of autologous cartilage can be an effective method for prevention of septal perforation during septal surgery.

Case for diagnosis. Palate perforation due to cocaine use

Abstract: We report a 42-year-old cocaine addicted female patient referred for evaluation of hard palate ulceration resulting in oro-sinus communication with difficulties in swallowing and phonation, an rhino-sinusitis. Acrylic and removable silicone prosthesis was prescribed to relieve severe functional disorders. It is essential that the patient permanently abandons cocaine use to perform surgical reconstruction.

Resultados y consideraciones técnicas en la rinoplastia y cierre de perforación septal combinados / Results and technical considerations in combined rhinoplastyand septal perforation repair / Resultados e considerações técnicas na rinoplastia e fechamento de perfuração septal combinados

Introducción: la combinación de dos técnicas como la rinoplastia y el cierre de perforación septal representa un desafío quirúrgico. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar los resultados a largo plazo y las dificultades en las técnicas quirúrgicas utilizadas al realizar ambos procedimientos en simultáneo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que incluyó un total de 6 pacientes sometidos a rinoplastia y cierre de perforación septal combinados. Se evaluaron antecedentes personales, motivos estéticos, síntomas, tamaño de la perforación septal, técnica quirúrgica, injertos utilizados y sitio donante. Se analizaron las complicaciones y los resultados subjetivos y objetivos obtenidos. Resultados: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 37,5 años. Los motivos de consulta estéticos más frecuentes fueron presencia de giba osteocartilaginosa y combinación de punta nasal ancha e hiporrotada. El síntoma funcional más frecuente fue la obstrucción nasal. En todos los casos se realizó cirugía por abordaje abierto. Se llevó a cabo el cierre de la perforación septal mediante la técnica de colgajo bipediculado con interposición de cartílago envuelto en fascia temporal. El cierre completo de la perforación se logró en 5 pacientes. En todos los casos se logró mejoría sintomática y se cumplió el objetivo estético propuesto. Conclusiones: Realizar una rinoplastia con cierre de perforación septal combinado mediante un correcto plan preoperatorio es un procedimiento viable, desafiante y eficaz en cirujanos entrenados. El abordaje abierto facilita el cierre de la perforación septal sin afectar el resultado estético.

Introduction: the combination of two surgical techniques such as rhinoplasty and septal perforation repair, present a surgical challenge. The objective of this study is to show long-term results and difficulties in the surgical techniques used when performing both procedures simultaneously. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study which included six (6) patients who underwent combined rhinoplasty and repair of septal perforation. Personal history, aesthetic motives, symptoms, size of the septal perforation, surgical techniques, grafts used and donor site we evaluated. The complications and subjective and objective results obtained were analyzed. Results: A total of 6 patients were included with an average age of 37.5 years. The most frequent motives for aesthetic consultation were the presence of a dorsal hump and the combination of a wide nasal tip with reduced tip rotation. The most frequent functional motive was nasal obstruction. An external approach was used in all the cases. The septal repair was performed with bipedicled advancement mucosal flaps and concurrent interposed composite graft formed with cartilage and temporal fascia. Complete repair was achieved in five (5) patients. Symptom improvement and aesthetic goals were reached in all the patients. Conclusions: Combined rhinoplasty and septal perforation repair is a viable, challenging and effective procedure when done by trained surgeons with a correct surgical plan. The external approach facilitates the septal perforation repair and this repair dose not affect the aesthetic outcome.

Introdução: a combinação de dois técnicas cirúrgicas como a Rinoplastia e o fechamento de perfuração septal representa um desafio cirúrgico. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os resultados a longo prazo e as dificuldades nas técnicas cirúrgicas utilizadas ao realizar ambos procedimentos em simultâneo. Métodos: Realizouse um estudo descritivo retrospectivo que incluiu (6) seis pacientes sometidos a rinoplastia e fechamento de perfuração septal combinados. Avaliaram-se antecedentes pessoais, motivos estéticos, sintomas, tamanho da perfuração septal, técnica cirúrgica, enxertos utilizados e sitio doador. Analisaram-se as complicações e os resultados subjetivos e objetivos obtidos. Resultados: Incluíram-se um total de 6 pacientes com uma idade média de 37,5 anos. Os motivos de consulta estéticos mais frequentes foram presença de giba osteocartilaginosa e combinação de ponta nasal larga e hiporrotada. O motivo funcional mais frequente foi a obstrução nasal. Em todos os casos realizou-se uma cirurgia por abordagem aberta. Levou- se a cabo o fechamento da perfuração septal mediante a técnica de retalho bipediculado com interposição de cartilagem envolta em fáscia temporal. O fechamento completo da perfuração logrouse em 5 pacientes. Em todos os pacientes logrou-se melhoria sintomática e cumpriu-se o objetivo estético proposto. Conclusões: Realizar uma rinoplastia com fechamento de perfuração septal combinados é um procedimento viável, desafiante e eficaz em cirurgiões treinados com um correto plano pré-operatório. A abordagem aberta facilita o fechamento da perfuração septal, enquanto as reparações do mesmo não afetam o resultado estético.

Tratamiento de la perforación del tabique nasal: técnicas comunes y descripción del procedimiento con parche turbinoseptal / Treatment of perforation of nasal septum: common techniques and description of the procedure with turbinoseptal patch

Hay varias opciones de tratamiento quirúrgico para las perforaciones del tabique nasal, incluyendo el uso de un colgajo mucoso intranasal para cerrar la perforación, injertos de interposición y algunas combinaciones de ambos, realizados con diferentes abordajes quirúrgicos. Cada técnica tiene sus propias ventajas y desventajas. Actualmente todavía hay una falta de evidencia científca sobre el método de tratamiento quirúrgico más efectivo. Este manuscrito resume los conceptos clínicos básicos de la patología, comenta algunas técnicas relevantes y principalmente describe un nuevo procedimiento para obtener un injerto utilizando la mucosa turbinoseptal, desarrollado por nuestro equipo quirúrgico

Septoplastie chez l'enfant: indications et résultats

Introduction : Pendant plusieurs décennies, la pratique de septoplastie chez l'enfant était proscrite par la majorité des chirurgiens par crainte d'altération de la croissance craniofaciale. Actuellement, la septoplastie est de plus en plus indiquée chez l'enfant avec de bons résultats fonctionnels. Le but de ce travail est de révéler les particularités de la septoplastie chez l'enfant, de comparer les différentes techniques opératoires proposées etd'évaluer les résultats obtenus.Méthodes : Notre étude est rétrospective monocentrique transversale portant sur 34 enfants opérés de septoplastie sur une période de 15 ans [2000-2014].Résultats : L'âge moyen de nos patients était de 13 ans avec un sex-ratio de 5,8. Les antécédents d'adénoïdectomie ont été notés dans 9% des cas associés à une amygdalectomie dans 6% des cas. La déviation septale était posttraumatique dans 59% des cas.Elle était de siège antérieur dans 91% des cas. A côté de la déviation de la cloison nasale, nous avons noté une déviation de la pyramide nasale dans 32% des cas et un polype de Killian associé dans 3% des cas. L'indication opératoire était posée sur l'évaluation subjective de la gêne respiratoire et du degré de la déformation nasale. Une obstruction nasale sévère avec réduction importante du flux aérien a été retrouvée dans 73% des cas. Tous nos patients ont été opérés sous anesthésie générale. L'intervention était pratiquée selon la technique de Cottle dans 88% des cas et par voie endoscopique dans 12% des cas. Elle a consisté à une reposition simple de la cloison nasale dans 3% des cas, une dépose repose de la cloison dans 41% des cas, une résection sous muqueuse du cartilage dans 56% des cas. On n'a pas noté de complications majeurs post opératoires.Après un recul moyen de 22 mois, nous avons un bon résultat fonctionnel dans 88% des cas. La persistance de l'obstruction nasale a été notée dans 12% des cas et était en rapport avec la déviation septale dans 6% des cas. Une reprise chirurgicale était indiquée dans 6% des cas.Conclusion :La septoplastie de l'enfant doit être un geste conservateur limité à la zone pathologique. Le suivi post opératoire est clinique et prolongé

Pythiosis in sheep from Paraná, southern Brazil / Pitiose em ovinos no Paraná, Sul do Brasil

This paper reports pythiosis in a sheep from southwestern Paraná, Brazil, confirmed by indirect ELISA (Enzime-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and immunohistochemistry, as well as it describes the macro and microscopic injuries, in order to understand the pathogenicity. A 4-year-old ewe from a flock of 30 Santa Inês sheep, raised semi-extensively with access to a weir, showed cachexia, bilateral enlargement in nasal region, a serous and bloody secretion with a fetid odor from its nose and swollen submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. Blood collection was performed trough jugular vein puncture in order to make complete blood cell count (CBC) and to obtain serum for the subsequent serological examination...

Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso de pitiose confirmado por ELISA (Enzime-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) indireto e imuno-histoquímica em uma ovelha do sudoeste do Paraná, Brasil, bem como suas lesões macro e microscópicas, a fim de compreender a sua patogenicidade. Trata-se de um ovino, fêmea, de 4 anos de idade, de um rebanho de 30 animais, da raça Santa Inês, criados em sistema semiextensivo, com acesso à um açude. O animal vinha apresentando aumento de volume na região do focinho, associado a emagrecimento progressivo. No exame físico apresentou-se caquético, com aumento de volume bilateral na região nasal, e com uma secreção serosanguinolenta de odor fétido fluindo das narinas, além de possuir os linfonodos submandibulares e retrofaríngeos bilateralmente infartados. Foi realizada coleta de sangue por punção da veia jugular para realização do hemograma e obtenção do soro para posterior realização de exame sorológico....

Assessment of mucosal changes associated with nasal splint in a rabbit model / Avaliação sobre alterações na mucosa, associadas ao uso de splints nasais, utilizando coelhos como cobaias

INTRODUCTION: There is no consensus on duration of the nasal splint after nasal septum surgeries. The pressure of nasal splint on the mucosa may cause tissue necrosis and nasal septum perforation. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the histopathological changes of the nasal mucosa caused by nasal splints in a rabbit model. METHODS: No splint was used in group A. Bilateral silicone nasal splints were placed for five, ten, and 15 days in groups B, C, and D, respectively. Biopsy of the nasal mucosa was performed after removal of splint. Histopathologic evaluations were performed. The severity and depth of the inflammation were scored. RESULTS: Group A had a normal histological appearance. Comparison of the results of groups B, C, and D with group A demonstrated statistically significant differences with regards to the severity of histopathological findings. There was no statistically significant difference between groups B and C. There were statistically significant differences between the groups B and D, and also between groups C and D. CONCLUSIONS: Longer duration of nasal splint had a higher risk for septal perforation. Therefore, removal of the splint as soon as possible may be helpful for preventing potential perforations. .

INTRODUÇÃO: Não existe consenso acerca do tempo de permanência de splints nasais no pós-operatório de cirurgias no septo. A pressão causada pelos mesmos na mucosa nasal pode causar necrose e perfurações septais. OBJETIVOS: Investigar mudanças histopatológicas da mucosa nasal causadas por splints nasais em coelhos. MÉTODO: Nenhum splint foi utilizado no grupo A. Splints de silicone foram utilizados por 5, 10 e 15 dias nos grupos B, C e D, respectivamente. Biópsia da mucosa nasal foi realizada após a remoção dos mesmos. Avaliações histopatológicas foram realizadas, e a gravidade e a profundidade do processo inflamatório foram medidas. RESULTADOS: Grupo A apresentou uma aparência histológica normal. Comparações de resultados entre os grupos B, C e D com o grupo A demonstraram diferenças estatísticas relevantes na gravidade histopatológica. Não houve diferenças estatísticas relevantes entre os grupos B e D, assim como entre os grupos C e D. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os resultados, quanto maior a duração no uso de splints nasais maior o risco de perfuração septal. Portanto, a remoção de splints nasais deve ser realizada assim que possível, prevenindo potenciais perfurações. .

Two Cases of Unilateral Nasoseptal Pedicled Rotational Mucosal Flap and Interpositional Dermal Allograft for Septal Perforations / 대한이비인후과학회지

A nasoseptal perforation is a defect of cartilage, bone, and mucosa of nasal septum, caused by nasal surgery, malignancy, inflammation, or drugs. Although various surgical treatments and procedures are well known, there is no consensus on the procedures due to low success rate (25-90%) and high recurrence rate (12-48%). One of the major factors that affect surgical results is the size of perforation. For large perforations, the surgical success rate is reported to range from 23% to 70%. The authors report two successful cases of repair surgery of nasoseptal perforation, using unilateral pedicled nasoseptal rotational mucosal flap with releasing incision and interpositional dermal allograft. Although larger study populations and long-term follow-up periods are needed, the authors believe that our method is an effective way to minimalize possible inconveniences observed in the cases of comparatively large perforations, or where there is a lack of autografts or donor site defects.

Pedicle flap of nasal septum-basis nasi and temporal muscucofascial flap to repair nasoseptal perforation / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore curative effect with pedicle flap of nasal septum-basis nasi and temporal muscucofascial flap to repair nasal septal perforation.@*METHOD@#Dissecting mucoperichondrium and mucoperioseptum around the perforation and taking dowm and out xia-ward to the floor of nasal cavity to make a inferior extremity pedicle flap. Then,the flap was tumbled and sutured onto raw surface of contralateral side through perforation. Reapplicating autoallergic temporal musculofascial flap to repair another side perforation.@*RESULT@#Repairing perforation Sin twelve cases were sucessfully healed in endoscope.@*CONCLUSION@#The pedicle flap of nasal septum-basis nasi and temporal muscucofascial flap is easy to acquire and no rejection. The flap has good blood supplying, high survival rate and provides adequate transplantating materail to repair comparatively large perforation.

Hard palate fistula and nasal septum perforation after leukemia infection: report of one case / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Most of palatal fistula occur from poor repairation of cleft palate, leaving an abnormal channel between mouth and nose. Palatal fistula can cause a series of complications, such as voice and hearing disorder, poor oral and nasal hygiene, psychological diseases and so on. However, hard palate fistula secondary to Leukemia infection is rarely seen, it hasn't been reported yet. We report one case with hard palate fistula and nasal septum perforation after Leukemia infection.

Prevention Technique Using Inferior Turbinate Mucosal Flap for Septal Perforation after Septoplasty

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Septal surgery is the most common cause of nasal septal perforation. The aims of this study are to introduce a new technique for the prevention of septal perforation during septal surgery by installingan inferior turbinate mucosal flap on the injured mucosal surface, and to determine its usefulness by evaluating the treatment outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 2012 and March 2013, 90 cases of conventional septoplasty were performed. Bilateral mucoperichondrial tears on corresponding areas occurred in 4 cases. Autologous cartilage was inserted and then both sides were repaired using inferior turbinate mucosal flaps. Follow-up periods ranged from 5 to 6 months. RESULTS: Three of the four patients had successful outcomes with complete repair of injuries. The remaining patient had a septal perforation. CONCLUSIONS: The technique of using an inferior turbinate mucosal flap may be an easy, effective method for the prevention of septal perforation during septal surgery.

A New Approach to Objective Evaluation of the Success of Nasal Septum Perforation

BACKGROUND: Perforations in the nasal septum (NSP) give rise not only to disintegration of the septum anatomy but also impairment in normal nasal physiology. The successes of these surgical techniques are usually equated to anatomical closure of the perforation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the subjective and objective results of our surgical technique for septal perforation surgery. METHODS: All NSPs in the six patients were closed by inferior turbinate flap. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) instrument was used to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative subjective sensation of nasal obstruction. Measurement of preoperative and postoperative nasal airway resistance was performed using active anterior rhinomanometry which is an objective test. Wilcoxson signed rank test and Spearman correlation test were used to analyze correlation between NOSE scores and rhinomanometric measurements. RESULTS: The full closure of the septal perforations was noted in 100% of patients. The total NOSE score was 14 preoperatively and one postoperatively. The improvement in NOSE scores was statistically significant (P< or =0.002). The mean preoperative total resistance (ResT150) value was 0.13 Pa/cm(3)s(-1), which is below the normal range (0.16-0.31 Pa/cm(3)s(-1)), while the mean postoperative ResT150 value was 0.27 Pa/cm3s-1. The correlation between the improvement in NOSE scores and improvements in ResT150 values was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical approaches should aim to solve both the anatomical and physiological problems of NSP. The application of subjective and objective tests in the postoperative period will help surgeons assess the applied techniques.