Replacement of maxillary lateral incisors with digitally manufactured single tooth retained all-ceramic pontics: a clinical report / Reabilitação da região de incisivo lateral superior ausente por pôntico modelo cantiléver em cerâmica pura fabricado digitalmente: relato de caso clínico

Several treatment options for replacement of anterior missing teeth exist, varying from no-prep (no preparation) adhesive restorations to implants. Patients' biological, psychological, economic conditions or age have an effect on the treatment choice. It is important to perform the most conservative and beneficial treatment option considering the patient based factors. The aim of this case report was to demonstrate a single session, minimally invasive, cantilevered 2-unit all-ceramic restorations replacing anterior missing teeth combined with the advantages of CAD/CAM technology and materials. (AU)

Existem várias opções de tratamento para reabilitação de dentes anteriores ausentes, variando de restaurações adesivas sem preparo (sem preparação) até implantes. As condições biológicas, psicológicas, econômicas ou a idade dos pacientes têm um efeito na escolha do tratamento. É importante realizar a opção de tratamento mais conservadora e benéfica, considerando os fatores baseados no paciente. O objetivo deste relato de caso foi demonstrar em sessão única, minimamente invasiva, um cantiléver de restaurações de cerâmica pura de 2 unidades, reabilitando a região de dentes anteriores ausentes combinadas com as vantagens da tecnologia CAD/CAM.(AU)

Application of single-retainer all-ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial denture in the maintenance of missing incisor gap after orthodontic treatment in adolescents: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

This article reports a case of an orthodontic adolescent patient without a right inferior incisor. The right lower canine was used as the abutment. The single-retainer all-ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial denture was used to restore the complete dentition. Thus, the missing space was filled, and the function and aesthetics were restored.

All-ceramic premolar guiding plate retains resin-bonded fixed partial dentures / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to investigate the fracture resistance and short-term restorative effects of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) made from heat-pressed lithium-disilicate-based glass-ceramic (IPS e.max press) and zirconia ceramic (WIELAND) and retained by all-ceramic guiding plates when used to restore missing mandibular second premolars.@*METHODS@#A total of 64 human mandibular first premolars and first molars were prepared as abutments, then were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8): E0, heat-pressed ceramic RBFPDs, no cyclic loading; E1, heat-pressed ceramic RBFPDs exposed to 300 000 cycles of dynamic loading; W0, zirconia ceramic RBFPDs, no cyclic loading; and W1, zirconia ceramic RBFPDs exposed to 300 000 cycles of dynamic loading. Fracture strength was tested in a universal testing machine.@*RESULTS@#The medians of fracture strength were 1 242.85 N±260.11 N (E0), 1 650.85 N±206.77 N (W0), 1 062.60 N±179.98 N (E1), and 1 167.61 N±265.50 N (W1). Statistical analysis showed that all the groups exhibited significantly higher fracture strength compared with the maximum bite force in the premolar region (360 N; P0.05). Significant statistical differences were found between the zirconia ceramic groups (W0 and W1, P0.05) after dynamic loading.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The RBFPDs retained by all-ceramic guiding plates exhibited promising fracture properties and optimal short-term restorative effects when used to restore missing mandibular second premolars.

Influence of the amount of tooth surface preparation on the shear bond strength of zirconia cantilever single-retainer resin-bonded fixed partial denture

PURPOSE: Conventional resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) are usually made with a two-retainer design. Unlike conventional RBFPDs, cantilever resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (Cantilever RBFPDs) are, for their part, made with a single-retainer design. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of tooth surface preparation on the bond strength of zirconia cantilever single-retainer RBFPDs. The objective is to evaluate the shear bond strength of these single-retainer RBFPDs bonded on 3 different amount of tooth surface preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty extracted bovine incisors were categorized to 3 groups (n=10), with different amounts of tooth surface preparations. Teeth were restored with single-retainer RBFPDs with different retainer surfaces: large retainer of 32 mm²; medium retainer of 22 mm²; no retainer and only a proximal connecting box of 12 mm². All RBFPDs were made of zirconia and were bonded using an adhesive system without adhesive capacity. Shear forces were applied to these restorations until debonding. RESULTS: Mean shear bond strength values for the groups I, II, and II were 2.39±0.53 MPa, 3.13±0.69 MPa, and 5.40±0.96 MPa, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using a one-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni post-hoc test, at a significance level of 0.001. Failure modes were observed and showed a 100% adhesive fracture. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the preparation of large tooth surface preparation might be irrelevant. For zirconia single-retainer RBFPD, only the preparation of a proximal connecting box seems to be a reliable and minimally invasive approach. The differences are statistically significant.

Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Integrity of Modified Resin-Bonded Fixed Partial Dentures: An In Vitro Study

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of various types of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) after artificial aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty models with missing first molar were fabricated using artificial resin teeth and were divided into four groups: Group A, conventional RBFPDs design; Group B, modified RBFPDs design; Group C, assembled 3-piece RBFPDs design; and Group D, assembled 3-piece RBFPDs with different occlusal rest positions. Half of the specimens underwent chewing simulation process (240,000 cycles, 50 N load, 1.7 Hz) and thermocycling (temperatures 5℃~55℃, dwelling time 30 seconds) and the remaining 20 specimens didn't receive any treatment. All the specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 24 hours to evaluate microleakage, and were sectioned at the middle part of abutment teeth. To evaluate the microleaskage, a dye penetration was calculated. RESULT: With artificial aging, cyclic loading and thermocycling, a 3-piece RBPFD and a 2-piece RBPFD using original tooth undercuts have significantly lower microleakge (P<0.05) compared to the conventional design of RBPFD and modified RBPFD. CONCLUSION: Within the limit of this experiment, the assembled RBFPDs exhibited a smaller microleakage than the conventional RBFPDs, implying that the assembled RBFPDs can be more effective for reducing the dislodgement of the RBFPDs.

Resin bonded fixed prosthesis for single tooth restoration: A case report / 대한치과보철학회지

In the case of single tooth replacement, a fixed prosthesis or a dental implant is the treatment option commonly selected as first choice. However, any amount of sound tooth structure should be removed to prepare the abutment teeth for full coverage retainer. The adjacent tooth damage can be avoided placing a dental implant. However, depending on the patient's oral condition and any other circumstances, it may be impossible or delayed. In this case resin bonded fixed partial denture was selected as an alternative that can restore single tooth loss without much tooth structure removal to the young patients and the patients with gingival recession. We report these patients were satisfied with esthetic and function.

Cause of food impaction after fixed denture restoration and therapeutic effect of gap expansion and resin repair / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the cause of food impaction after fixed denture restoration and to analyze the therapeutic effect of gap expansion and resin repair.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 100 patients who suffered from food impaction after they received fixed partial denture were chosen. The cause of food impaction was analyzed. Treatment methods were applied on the basis of different causes. Gap expansion and resin repair were implemented to remove food impaction caused by the poor contact of the denture with healthy adjacent teeth.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The poor contact between fixed denture and healthy adjacent teeth was the major cause of food impaction (70%) . The effective rate of treatment among patients who received fixed partial denture but suffered from food impaction after 3 years was 100%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The proposed method can be applied to treat food impaction caused by the poor contact of denture with healthy adjacent teeth.</p>

Effect of dentin surface roughness on the shear bond strength of resin bonded restorations

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate whether dentin surface preparation with diamond rotary instruments of different grit sizes affects the shear bond strength of resin-bonded restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The buccal enamel of 60 maxillary central incisors was removed with a low speed diamond saw and wet ground with silicon carbide papers. The polished surfaces of the teeth were prepared with four groups of rotary diamond burs with super-coarse (SC), coarse (C), medium (M), and fine (F) grit sizes. Following surface preparation, 60 restorations were casted with nickel-chromium alloy and bonded with Panavia cement. To assess the shear bond strength, the samples were mounted on a universal testing machine and an axial load was applied along the cement-restoration interface at the crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The acquired data was analyzed with one way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS: The mean ± SD shear bond strengths (in MPa) of the study groups were 17.75 ± 1.41 for SC, 13.82 ± 1.13 for C, 10.40 ± 1.45 for M, and 7.13 ± 1.18 for F. Statistical analysis revealed the significant difference among the study groups such that the value for group SC was significantly higher than that for group F (P<.001). CONCLUSION: Dentin surface roughness created by diamond burs of different grit sizes considerably influences the shear bond strength of resin bonded restorations.

Four year's clinical evaluation of glass fiber reinforced resin-bonded fixed partial denture as a periodontal splint to replace lost anterior teeth / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical performance of glass fiber reinforced resin-bonded fixed partial denture(GFR-RBFPD) as a periodontal splint on abutment teeth with reduced periodontal support.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty fixed-fixed GFR-RBFPD were delivered to restore anterior partial edentulous dentitions. The adjacent abutment teeth had severely reduced periodontal support and were not indicated for full crown retained FPD. The success rate and functional survival rate had been recorded and the periodontal condition had been evaluated for 4 years. The results were statistically analyzed with single factor variance analysis and chi square test(α=0.05).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the first, second, and third year following restoration, one connector fractured in each year and they were repaired with adhesive resin and the pontics were kept in place for function. In the third and fourth years after restoration, there was one pontic displacement with fracture of connectors. The total survive rate was 83%(25/30) and the functional survival rate was 93% (28/30) at the end of the fourth year. The main reason of failure was fracture of connector. About 22%(13/60) of the adjacent teeth showed marginal bone height decrease, while the other 78% (47/60) increased with statistic significant difference from one year after the restoration to the end of the observation term(P<0.05). The periodontal condition of the adjacent teeth was improved after the restoration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The four years clinical evaluation indicates that the GFR-RBFPD may be used as fixed prostheses to replace lost one to three anterior teeth with reduced periodontal support of abutment teeth.</p>

Reabilitação ortodôntica e protética na agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores com prótese adesiva de fibra de reforço associada ao cerômero – relato de caso / Orthodontic and prosthetic rehabilitation in agenesis of lateral incisors with adhesive reinforcement fiber denture associated with ceromer – case report

O tratamento reabilitador de agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores envolve, quase sempre, uma abordagem interdisciplinar. O presente artigo propõe-se a expor uma solução terapêutica conservadora, através de ortodontia e reabilitação protética, em um caso de agenesia congênita bilateral de incisivos laterais permanentes. A escolha da melhor opção terapêutica, o domínio da mecânica ortodôntica e a utilização da técnica reabilitadora adequada influenciaram na qualidade do resultado do tratamento.

The rehabilitation treatment of agenesis of upper lateral incisors almost always involves an interdisciplinary approach. This article aims to describe a conservative therapeutic solution through orthodontics and prosthetic rehabilitation in a case of congenital bilateral agenesis of permanent lateral incisors. The choice of the best therapeutic option, the handling of orth-odontic mechanics and the use of appropriate rehabilitative technique influenced the quality of treatment outcome.

Restauraciones de cerámica adherida: Continuum restaurador posterior / Adhesive ceramic restorations: posterior continuum restoration

La odontología restauradora actual debe estar sustentada en una filosofía preventiva, conservadora y de máxima preservación de las estructuras dentarias naturales.Con restauraciones que pueden ser consideradas como “fusionadas” a las estructuras dentarias, lo que implica la existencia de una relacióníntima y sub-estructural entre restauración, cemento adhesivo y tejido dentario, no mucho tiempo atrás, se propuso un “continuum restaurador” para el sector anterior de boca.Este trabajo propone y desarrolla ahora, un “continuum restaurador” para el sector posterior, en el entendido que con una correcta planificación que considere detenidamente la biomecánica de la oclusión para cada caso, dichas restauraciones adheridas tendrán una performance satisfactoria a mediano y largo plazo.

Nowadays, restorative dentistry should be based in a preventive and conservative philosophy of maximum preservation of the naturaldental structures.A “restorative continuum” has been proposed for the anterior sector of the mouth, not long ago. It involves restorations that are consideredas “fusioned” to the dental structures, existing an intimate and sub-estructural relation between restoration, adhesive cement and dental tissues.This paper suggests and develops a “restorative continuum” for the posterior sector of the mouth, based on a proper planification that considers the biomechanics of the occlusion in each case, where these bonded restorations will have middle and long term satisfactory performance.

Uso de prótese fixa adesiva como mantenedor de espaço em dentes anteriores decíduos: um relato de caso / Use of fixed adhesive prosthesis as a space maintainer in anterior deciduous teeth: a case report

Apesar do curto período no qual os dentes decíduos permanecem na cavidade bucal, possuem um papel fundamental no crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança. A perda prematura dos dentes decíduos pode ocasionar vários problemas funcionais, psicológicos e sociais. Objetivo: O presente artigo relata um caso de perda precoce de incisivo central decíduo devido a um trauma. A criança possuía o hábito de colocar e pressionar a língua no espaço correspondente ao dente perdido. Foi proposta a manutenção do espaço com o auxílio de uma prótese fixa adesiva. Conclusão: A prótese fixa adesiva constitui uma solução prática para os casos de perda precoce de dentes anteriores decíduos, pois é de fácil execução, conservadora e preenche os requisitos funcionais e estéticos da criança...

Despite the short period that the deciduous teeth remain in the mouth, they have an important role in the growth and development of the child. The premature loss of deciduous teeth can cause several functional, psychological and social problems. Objective: This article reports a case of early loss of deciduous central incisor due to trauma. The child had a habit of pressing his tongue against the space corresponding to the missing tooth. It was proposed to maintain the space using a fixed adhesive prosthesis. Conclusion: The fixed adhesive prosthesis is a practical solution in cases of early loss of primary teeth since it is easy to perform, conservative and meets the functional and aesthetic requirements of the child...

Maxillary anterior tooth restoration by using fiber-reinforced composite with a natural tooth pontic: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Loss of anterior tooth impairs patients physically and emotionally as well as presents a challenge for dentists. This article presented a method of replacing one anterior tooth that was extracted because of periodontitis. The proposed method involves the use of the natural crown as pontic with fiber-reinforced composite resin-bonded fixed partial denture.

An investigation on the influence of tin foil substitute contamination on bond strength between resin denture teeth and the denture base: An in vitro study.

Statement of Problem: The problem of acrylic resin denture teeth separating from their denture base remains a major problem in prosthodontic practice and is frustrating to the patients as well as the dentists. Purpose: This study investigated the influence of tin foil substitute contamination on bond strength between acrylic resin denture teeth and their denture base. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 modified acrylic resin maxillary left central incisors were processed to their denture base material. The 80 specimens were divided into two groups of 40 specimens each: the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group had the denture tooth ridge lap area contaminated with tin foil substitute.The 40 specimens in the control group were not contaminated. After 7 days of storage at room temperature, the bond strengths of the two groups were tested with a universal testing machine.The nature of failure was noted as adhesive (interface) or cohesive (in tooth or denture base material). The Welch test and z-test were performed to identify significant differences. Results: The uncontaminated specimens (group I) showed superior bond strength as compared to the contaminated specimens (group II); the difference in bond strength between the groups was highly significant (P<0.0001). Also the contaminated specimens exhibited predominantly adhesive failure (89.74%), whereas the uncontaminated specimens exhibited 55% adhesive failure and 45% cohesive failure. Conclusion: Tin foil substitute contamination of the ridge laps of acrylic resin denture teeth greatly reduced the bond strength.

Comparative evaluation of the regional micro-push-out bond strength of custom-made resin post system with a prefabricated resin post: An in vitro study.

Aim : The purpose of the study is to compare the regional micro-push-out bond strength of custom-made resin post and a prefabricated resin post luted using self-etch adhesive and/or etch and rinse adhesive system at various regions. Materials and Methods : Forty freshly extracted human maxillary central incisors were selected for this study; 1.5-2-mm coronal to the cemento-enamel junction was removed with a diamond disk using a slow speed handpiece under cooling water. Working lengths were established, root canals were sequentially enlarged upto the apex until ISO size 50-K-file and obturated using gutta-percha and AH plus sealer by cold lateral compaction. Post spaces were prepared to a depth of 10 mm using paeso-reamer upto size #3. After preparation, each specimen was embedded in chemically cured acrylic resin. The roots were randomly assigned to four groups: Group I: Custom-made resin post+Self-etch adhesive, Group II: Glass FRC post+Self-etch adhesive, Group III: Custom-made resin post+Etch and Rinse adhesive, Group IV: Glass FRC post+Etch and Rinse adhesive. Fabrication of custom-made resin post was done. All the posts were cemented using a dual cure resin luting cement. Each root was sectioned perpendicular to the long axis using a microtome and subjected to micro-push-out bond strength. Results: The micro-push-out bond strength in the coronal region, in Group I 13.5±1.66 MPa, Group II 12.08±0.8 MPa, Group III 11.15±1.06 MPa, Group IV 11.81±1.11 MPa. In the middle third region: Group I 11.43±0.740 MPa, Group II 10.584±0.504 MPa, Group III 10.0582±0.830 MPa, Group IV 10.35±0772 MPa. In the apical third: Group I 10.38±0.878 MPa, Group II 9.59±1.06 MPa, Group III 9.34±0.73o MPa, Group IV 8.77±1.02 MPa. Conclusion : Within the limitations of the study, amongst all the four groups tested, custom-made resin post luted with self-etch system (CMPR-SE) showed higher micro-push-out bond strength values in all regions when compared to the other groups.

Intraoral framework pick-up technique to improve fit of a metal-resin implant prosthesis.

The achievement of passive fit is an important prerequisite for the prevention of complications in full-arch screw-retained implant prosthesis. With cemented prosthesis, the cementation compensates for the discrepancies in the cast framework, but the lack of retrievability seems undesirable. The aim of this paper is to propose a modified screw-retained prosthesis design for complete arch implant fixed rehabilitation. A technique for the fabrication of a full-arch metal-resin implant-supported screw-retained prosthesis is described. Cementation of the framework to the abutments intraorally improves the passivity of fit of the prosthesis on the implants. Maintenance of screw-access channels in the final prosthesis ensures retrievability. The metal-resin design allows for easy repair and maintenance. The prosthesis is cost-effective compared to conventional options and can be employed as a viable treatment alternative when considering metal-acrylic resin complete arch fixed prosthesis.

Immediate natural tooth pontic: A viable yet temporary prosthetic solution: A patient reported outcome.

Introduction: In patients with hopeless prognosis of the anterior teeth there is still a strong desire to save them for the sake of esthetics. If not grossly carious, broken down or discolored the extracted tooth after suitable modifications can be placed back in its original site by splinting it to the adjacent stable teeth. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients (10 males, 5 females) in the age range of 40-65 years with pathologically migrated, unsalvageable teeth were treated by splinting the extracted teeth immediately with the stable adjacent teeth. After 12 weeks, all the patients were explained various treatment options available for replacement of the lost teeth. The patients were asked to fill out a simple closed ended questionnaire citing the various difficulties encountered during this transitional period, selection of further treatment modalities and the reasons for their choice. The feedback obtained was then analyzed statistically. Results: Hundred percent of patients were happy with the esthetics; however, 60% of them were dissatisfied with the function that it provided. The primary problem being apprehension of splint fracture and difficulty while incising and the data was found to be statistically significant (P=0.01**). All patients demanded a permanent treatment option following this with a fixed prosthesis. None of the patients were interested in the implant supported prosthesis due to cost, treatment time involved, and need for surgery. Conclusion: The concept of immediate pontic placement is surely a viable treatment option and promises an excellent transient esthetic solution for a lost tooth as well as enables good preparation of the extraction site for future prosthetic replacement.

Considerações gerais sobre prótese fixa adesiva / General considerations on resin-bonded fixed partial denture

O sucesso das próteses fixas adesivas está diretamente relacionado ao sistema adesivo utilizado e ao tipo de preparo realizado para obtenção de uma boa retenção. Essas próteses surgiram como uma alternativa protética, tendo em vista o baixo custo, o uso de uma técnica mais conservadora e a facilidade laboratorial. Este estudo objetivou discutir, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, as formas de preparo, os tipos de materiais e as vantagens e desvantagens do uso de próteses fixas adesivas. Dentre as principais vantagens, destaca-se a conservação da estrutura dentária e como desvantagem, a limitação da estética devido à possibilidade do aparecimento da liga metálica. O desenho do preparo, o tipo de cimento e o tipo de liga, bem como o tratamento de superfície são alguns dos fatores que podem influenciar na longevidade do manuseio desse tipo de prótese. O tratamento com próteses fixas adesivas tem grande potencial na conservação dos dentes pilares e também um percentual significativo de sucesso.

Short-term clinical observation of modified resin-bonded fixed partial denture utilizing tooth undercuts / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe a short-term clinical result of modified resin-bonded fixed partial denture(MRBFPD) utilizing tooth undercuts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-nine patients received restoration and totally 196 missing teeth were restored with 148 MRBFPD. According to the positions of abutments in the dental arch, all the MRBFPD were divided into three groups, namely anterior prostheses (40), posterior prostheses (95) and prostheses spanning anterior and posterior (13). The prostheses were examined at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and every year after denture delivery. Retention and marginal integrity of MRBFPD, sensibility, secondary caries and gingival bleeding index were clinically evaluated. The evaluation results were graded as good, acceptable, and bad according to modified United States Public Health service (USPHS) criteria. Survival in this study was defined at two levels: "complete" survival (survival without any debonding), and "functional" survival (survival including loss of retention on one occasion and successful rebonding of the original MRBFPD without further debonding).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average follow-up period was 26 months. Fifteen prostheses failed and were rated as bad with USPHS criteria, and ten prostheses were evaluated as "acceptable" because the gingival bleeding index has been rated as 3 or more at one appointment but reduced to 1 or 0 after treatment. The results of the other 123 prostheses were evaluated as "good". The "complete" survival rates were 80% (32/40) for anterior prostheses, 11/13 for prostheses spanning anterior and posterior, and 95% (90/95) for posterior prostheses, while the "functional" survival rates were 80% (32/40), 11/13 and 99% (93/95) respectively. The "complete" survival rate of posterior prostheses was statistically higher than that of anterior prostheses (χ(2) = 5.433, P < 0.05). The "functional" survival rate of posterior prostheses was not only higher than that of anterior prostheses (χ(2) = 13.179, P < 0.01)but also higher than that of prostheses spanning anterior and posterior (χ(2) = 4.143, P < 0.05) statistically.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of this preliminary study suggest that short term survival rate of MRBFPD in posterior area was statistically better than that in anterior area. The outstanding advantage of MRBFPD is the minimum need of dental tissue reduction. However, their long-term success needs further investigation.</p>

Prótesis fija metal cerámica adherida / Adhered metal-ceramic fixed prosthesis

Se propone la reposición fija de una o dos piezas dentarias del sector posterior de boca, mediante la utilización de prótesis metalcerámica, pero con la posibilidad de tener pilares preparados de forma conservadora, para la utilización de retenedores incrustaciones con recubrimiento oclusal total (onlay), aunque podrían ser también con recubrimiento oclusal parcial (inlay), o sea que los pónticos serán convencionales clásicos de metal-cerámica y los retenedores serán incrustaciones compuestas o complejas, con elementos de retención en profundidad tipo “undercuts” y con sus recubrimientos oclusales realizados encerámica, a ser soportada por el cementado adhesivo. Se trata entonces de prótesis fijas conservadoras de muy aceptable estética, especialmente indicadas cuando las piezas dentariaspilares mantienen indemnes especialmente sus caras vestibulares.

A metal-adhered ceramic fixed-partial-prosthesis is proposed for the replacement of one or two posterior teeth. Although the pontics are metal-ceramic standard type, retainers are simplified metal inlays or onlays with undercuts as retention forms. Theocclusal surfaces will be made of porcelain, that necessarily and inevitably will need adhesive cementation procedures in orderto be adequately supported. They are aesthetic fixed partial prosthesis, of less invasive preparations of the teeth for anchorage, especially indicated when thepillars are sound or have suffered minor structure loss.