Ocurrencia de levaduras del género Candida y estomatitis protésica antes y después del tratamiento rehabilitador basado en prótesis removible / Occurrence of genus Candida yeast and prosthetic stomatitis before and after rehabilitation treatment based on removable prosthesis

El 63,2% de la población chilena mayor de 65 años utiliza prótesis removible. Cuando estas pierden funcionalidad pueden producirse lesiones en la mucosa oral, siendo la más prevalente la estomatitis protésica, proceso inflamatorio de la mucosa de soporte de diversa extensión y severidad, cuyo principal factor etiológico es la infección por Candida spp. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la cantidad y las especies de levaduras del género Candida y su asociación con estomatitis protésica en portadores de prótesis removible antes y después del tratamiento rehabilitador. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo cuantitativo, n = 34, en ambos géneros, edad promedio de 69 años, portadores de prótesis removible no funcionales, con y sin estomatitis protésica. Para el recuento e identificación de levaduras del género Candida se tomaron muestras de saliva antes y después del tratamiento. Las variables fueron analizadas estadísticamente. Los resultados indicaron el diagnóstico de estomatitis protésica en el 55,9% de los sujetos, de los cuales tipo I = 29,4% y tipo II = 26,5%. Los recuentos de Candida spp. fueron mayores en aquellos con estomatitis protésica, tanto antes como después del tratamiento. Al instalar prótesis funcionales el recuento disminuyó significativamente, sin embargo permaneció alto en aquellos con estomatitis protésica diagnosticada previa al tratamiento rehabilitador. La especie identificada más frecuentemente fue Candida albicans.

Almost two-thirds (63.2%) of the Chilean population aged 65 and above use removable prosthesis. When they cease to be functional, injuries may occur in the oral mucosa, with denture stomatitis being the most prevalent. This is an inflammatory process of the supportive mucosa of varying extension and severity, with its main etiologic factor being infection by Candida spp. The aim of this investigation was to determine the quantity and species of yeast of the genus Candida and their association with denture stomatitis in carriers of removable prosthesis, before and after the rehabilitation treatment. A descriptive quantitative study was conducted on 34 patients, with a mean age of 69 years, and carriers of a non-functional removable prosthesis, with and without prosthetic stomatitis. Saliva samples were taken before and after the treatment for the counting and identification of genus Candida yeast. The variables were statistically analyzed. The results showed a diagnosis of prosthetic stomatitis in 55.9% of the subjects, of which 29.4% were Type I and 26.5% were Type II. The Candida sppcount was higher in the subjects with prosthetic stomatitis both before and after the treatment. The count decreased significantly after installing a functional prosthesis. However, it remained high in those with prosthetic stomatitis. The most frequently identified species was Candida albicans.

Efficacy of Denture Cleansers in Reducing Microbial Counts from Removable Partial Dentures: A Short-Term Clinical Evaluation

This clinical study investigated if daily immersion in denture cleansers reduces microbial counts on removable partial denture's (RPD) biofilm. Twenty-five RPD wearer volunteers were selected and instructed to complement the hygiene of their dentures by immersing them in an enzymatic peroxide-based denture cleanser (Polident® 3 minute) once a day for 3 min for a period of 15 days. The biofilm was collected from RPD surfaces with a swab immediately before (baseline) and after the experimental period. The samples were placed in sterile saline solution, sonicated at 7 W and then plated on specific culture media to quantify total microorganisms, total streptococci and Candida spp. counts. Data from both collections were compared by paired t-test (α=0.05). It was observed a significant reduction on total microorganisms' counts in RPD biofilm after denture cleanser use (p=0.007). This reduction was also observed for total streptococci (p=0.0428), but no difference was observed on Candida spp. counts. It was concluded that daily use of denture cleanser improved denture hygiene by reducing total microorganisms and total streptococci from RPD surface but had no effect on Candida spp. population.

Este estudo clínico investigou se a imersão diária de próteses parciais removíveis (PPR) em limpador químico reduz as contagens de micro-organismos no biofilme. Vinte e cinco voluntários que utilizavam PPR foram selecionados e instruídos a complementar a higiene das PPRs imergindo suas próteses em um limpador químico enzimático (Polident® 3 minute) uma vez por dia, por 3 min, durante 15 dias. O biofilme foi coletado da superfície das próteses com auxílio de um swab imediatamente antes (baseline) e após o período experimental. A amostra foi imersa em solução salina estéril, submetida a sonicação a 7 W, e semeada em meios de cultura específicos para quantificar micro-organismos totais, estreptococos totais e Candida spp. Os dados de ambas as coletas foram comparados pelo teste t pareado (α=0,05). Foi observada uma redução significativa nas contagens de micro-organismos totais no biofilme da PPR após o uso do limpador químico (p=0,007). Essa redução também foi observada para estreptococos totais (p=0,0428), mas não foi observada diferença nas contagens de Candida spp. Concluiu-se que o uso diário do limpador químico melhorou a higienização das próteses por reduzir o número de micro-organismos totais e estreptococos totais na superfície da PPR, mas não teve efeito sobre a população de Candida spp.

Enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae on the dorsum of the human tongue

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to correlate the presence of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Moraxellaceae and Xanthomonadaceae on the posterior dorsum of the human tongue with the presence of tongue coating, gender, age, smoking habit and denture use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bacteria were isolated from the posterior tongue dorsum of 100 individuals in MacConkey agar medium and were identified by the API 20E system (Biolab-Mérieux). RESULTS: 43 percent of the individuals, presented the target microorganisms on the tongue dorsum, with greater prevalence among individuals between 40 and 50 years of age (p = 0.001) and non-smokers (p=0.0485). CONCLUSIONS: A higher prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae was observed on the tongue dorsum of the individuals evaluated. There was no correlation between these species and the presence and thickness of tongue coating, gender and presence of dentures.

Influencia de la prótesis parcial removible sobre el nivel de Streptococcus mutans y Streptococcus sanguis en la saliva / The influence of removable partial dentures on the level of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis in saliva

El presente trabajo, tiene como objetivo evaluar la influencia de la prótesis parcial removible sobre elnivel de Streptococcus mutans y Streptococcus sanguis en la saliva de un grupo de pacientes parcialmente edéntulos. Participaron 18 pacientes (16 femeninos y 2 masculinos) de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Las prótesis parciales removibles fueron confeccionadas con aleación de cromo-cobalto, bases protéticas metálicas y combinadas (metal y acrílico) y dientes de acrílico. El aislamiento de las cepas, se efectuó sembrando diluciones de las muestras de saliva en agar mitis salivarius; la incubación se realizó en condiciones anaeróbicas (Sistema Gas-Pak) a 37 grados C por 48 horas. Las muestras de saliva fueron obtenidas durante: a) el examen clínico inicial (muestra control); b) un mes antes de la instalación de la prótesis parcial removible; c) un mes después de la instalación de la ppr y d) tres meses después de la instalación de la ppr. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Los resultados fueorn estadísticamente significativos para un valor 0.01, lo que indica que posiblemente al aumentar el tiempo de instalación de la ppr, la concentración salival de los Streptococcus mutans y sanguis tiende a incrementarse. Se utilizaron diferentes pruebas bioquímicas para la identificación de los Streptococcus, tales como: fermentación de manitol, sorbitol, inulina, rafinosa y trehalosa; hidrólisis de la arginina y esculina y la producción de leván o dextrán en la sacarosa