Efectos de un programa estructurado de entrenamiento funcional sobre la condición física saludable de adultos jóvenes de Barranquilla (Colombia) / Effects of a structured functional training program on the healthy physical condition of young adults of Barranquilla (Colombia)

Introducción: la programación estructurada del entrenamiento físico contribuye a reducir las probabilidades de padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, de igual manera aumenta la calidad de la salud de las personas, especialmente en los sistemas, cardiovascular, respiratoria, neuromuscular y musculoesquelético. Esto facilita la optimización de la condición física saludable, aspecto que favorece en el individuo el desarrollo de las actividades diarias con máxima funcionalidad, eficiencia y eficacia. Objetivo: Verificar los efectos de un programa estructurado de entrenamiento funcional sobre la resistencia muscular en adultos jóvenes. Materiales y Métodos: Tipo de estudio cuasi experimental, con evaluación pre intervención y post intervención en un grupo experimental. En 15 adultos jóvenes que asisten a un gimnasio de la ciudad de Barranquilla se aplicaron las pruebas: resistencia muscular del tren superior sin límite de tiempo, resistencia muscular del abdomen en 1 min, resistencia muscular de miembros inferiores y flexibilidad, la intervención se realizó con un programa estructurado de entrenamiento funcional comparando pre test y post test. Resultados: post intervención se presentaron cambios significativos comparando los resultados del pre test con los del post test, en resistencia muscular de miembros superiores (media: 33,29 vs 45,57) P: 0,04, flexibilidad (media: 13,57 vs 3,86) P: 0,05. Conclusiones: Se puede constatar que las capacidades de resistencia muscular y flexibilidad se pueden adaptar de manera positiva a través de una intervención con un programa estructurado de entrenamiento funcional, por 8 semanas, con una frecuencia de tres veces por semana por 45 minutos/día.

Introduction: the structured programming of physical training helps to reduce the chances of suffering from chronic noncommunicable diseases, in the same way it increases the quality of people's health, especially in the cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems. This facilitates the optimization of healthy physical condition, an aspect that favors the individual, the development of daily activities with maximum functionality, efficiency and effectiveness. Objective: To verify the effects of a structured program of functional training on muscular endurance in young adults. Materials and Methods: Type of quasi-experimental study, with pre intervention and post intervention evaluation in an experimental group. In 15 young adults attending a gym in the city of Barranquilla, the tests were applied: upper end muscle resistance without time limit, abdominal muscle resistance in 1 min, lower limb muscle resistance and flexibility, the intervention was performed with a structured program of functional training comparing pretest and postest. Results: significant changes were presented after the intervention, comparing the results of the pre-test with those of the post-test, in muscular resistance of the upper limbs (mean: 33.29 vs 45.57) P: 0.04, flexibility (mean: 13.57 vs. 3.86) P: 0.05. Conclusions: It can be seen that muscular endurance and flexibility capacities can be adapted in a positive way through an intervention with a structured program of functional training, for 8 weeks, with a frequency of three times per week for 45 minutes/day.

Treatment Outcomes and Response Pattern of Ustekinumab in Korean Patients with Psoriasis: A Retrospective Single-center Study / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease affecting 2~3% of the worldwide population. Ustekinumab, an IL-12/23p40 inhibitor, is a biologic reported to be effective and safe in treating psoriasis. However, there are limited data on the treatment outcomes of ustekinumab in patients with psoriasis in Korea. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment outcomes and response pattern of ustekinumab in patients with psoriasis in Korea. METHODS: This was a retrospective single-center study. Eighty-four patients with psoriasis treated with ustekinumab were analyzed. Each patient's medical records, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score, and body surface area were reviewed at baseline and up to week 52. RESULTS: A total of 84 patients were included (male:female=1.8:1). The mean age was 44.5 years. At week 16, 86.7% achieved PASI75, 59.0% achieved PASI90, and 20.5% achieved PASI100. By week 16, 84.8% of subjects had attained PASI75 for the head region, whereas 79.0% had attained it for the lower extremities, indicating a relatively slower treatment response of psoriatic lesions on the lower extremities. Four patients discontinued treatment due to lack of effect. No severe adverse events occurred during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Ustekinumab demonstrated highly effective and safe treatment profiles in Korean psoriatic patients, consistent with the previous reports from mainly Western countries. Psoriasis severity and treatment responsiveness may vary with body region.

Differences in dietary intakes, body compositions, and biochemical indices between metabolically healthy and metabolically abnormal obese Korean women

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: There are various factors that affect metabolic abnormalities related to obesity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in dietary intakes and body compositions of obese women according to metabolic risks and to classify them as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically abnormal obese (MAO). SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was conducted on 59 obese Korean women aged 19 to 60 years. NCEP-ATPIII criteria were applied and the women classified as MHO (n = 45) or MAO (n = 14). Body composition of each subject was measured by using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Three-day food records were used to analyze dietary intake. Eating habits and health-related behaviors were determined through questionnaires. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure resting metabolic rate and respiratory rate. RESULTS: The average age of the subjects was 43.7 years. The analysis of body composition according to phenotype revealed significantly higher body fat mass (P < 0.05), arm fat mass (P < 0.05), and android fat mass (P < 0.05), as measured by DEXA, in the MAO group than in the MHO group. There was no significant difference in the dietary intake of the two groups. However, eating behaviors differed. Compared to the MHO group, the MAO women had a shorter meal time (less than 10 minutes), a preference of oily foods, and a tendency to eat until full. Therefore, the eating habits of MHO women were more positive than those of MAO women. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that fat distribution in each body region affects various metabolic abnormalities. A high level of arm fat mass in obese Korean women may increase metabolic risk. In addition, eating habits of obese Korean women are considered to be environmental factors affecting the metabolic phenotype of obese Korean women.

Medidas de intervención prioritaras para mantener la salud y seguridad de la comunidad en una institución educativa / Priority intervention measures to keep the healt and security of the community in an educational institution

Objetivo: Diseñar medidas de intervención prioritarias para mantener la Salud y Seguridad de la comunidad en la Institución educativa Josefa Donado en Soledad Atlántico. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una muestra de 535 estudiantes. Para la recolección de datos fue necesario realizar inspecciones técnicas en la institución, entrevistas al personal, revisión documental, y aplicación de los GTC 45 como instrumento. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados estadísticamente. Resultados: Los riesgos prioritarios en la institución educativa Josefa Donado son eléctricos biomecánicos, locativos, tecnológicos, físicos y biológicos, mientras que las principales medidas de intervención consisten en la realización de reparaciones, elaboración de cronogramas de mantenimientos preventivos, estructuración de programa de pausas activas, sensibilizaciones y dotación de mobiliarios y equipos adecuados a las necesidades de los puestos de trabajo. Conclusión: La institución educativa Josefa Donado presenta un avanzado estado de deterioro en su estructura física, tal y como se verificó en las inspecciones realizadas y corroboró por noticias emitidas en medios de comunicación de alta circulación regional. Por lo anterior se concluye que las medidas de intervención propuestas deberían ser implementadas a la mayor brevedad posible para mejorar las condiciones de seguridad y salud de la comunidad educativa.

Objective: Design priority intervention measures to keep the health and security of the community in the "institución educativa Josefa Donado de Soledad". Methods and materials: Descriptive studio cross-sectional with a sample population of 535 students. For the data collection it was necessary to realize technical inspections in the institution, interview the workers, review documents and the application of the GTC 45 as an instrument. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: The priority risks in the educational institution Josefa Donado are of kind electrical, biomechanical, locative, technological, physical and biological, meanwhile the principal intervention measurements are about the realization of reparations, the elaboration of chronograms of maintenance, programming active breaks, sensitization and endowment of furniture and equipment adapted to the needs of the working places. Conclusion: The educational institution Josefa Donado presents an outpost level of deterioration in his physical structure, as verified during the inspections that we made, and being confirmed by several media of the region. By the previous thing there is concluded that the intervention measurements proposed should be implemented as soon as possible, in order to improve the conditions of safety and health of the educational community.

Percepción de la imagen corporal en mujeres de 25 años del municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico) / Perception of body image in 25-year-old women from the municipality of Ponedera (Atlántico

Antecedentes: La imagen corporal es la percepción que cada individuo posee de su propio cuerpo y resulta de una construcción multidimensional la cual ­en ocasiones­ no está correlacionada con el aspecto físico real. Objetivo: Conocer la percepción corporal de mujeres de 25 años del municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico) a través del Body Shape Questionnaire (cuestionario de la forma corporal) BSQ. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal. El ámbito de estudio que se presenta en este artículo ha sido el municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico). Participaron 145 mujeres en edad de 25 años de dos barrios populares del municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico), que respondieron a un cuestionario de autocumplimentación de forma voluntaria y anónima. BSQ. Resultados: se apreció una tendencia de la mayoría de la muestra hacia una preocupación extrema por la imagen corporal (92%), es decir, las mujeres que se ubicaron en esta categoría reconocen tener problemas asociados al exceso de peso, como también ciertos complejos a la hora de interactuar en su contexto teniendo presente que para ellas es importante lo que puedan decir las demás personas sobre su cuerpo y por ende, evitan situaciones en las que su imagen corporal sea materia de discusión. Conclusión: Es preciso que en este sector se lleven a cabo campañas para promover la actividad física al igual que secciones con expertos en nutrición que brinden pautas para la sana alimentación a fin de que la población femenina de este entorno adquiera estilos de vida saludable.

Background: Body image is the perception that each individual has of their own body and results from a multidimensional construction which - sometimes - is not correlated with the real physical aspect. Objective: To know the body perception of 25-year-old women from the municipality of Ponedera (Atlantic) through the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ questionnaire). Materials and methods: Quantitative study of descriptive type and cross section. The scope of study presented in this article has been the municipality of Ponedera (Atlantic). 145 women of 25 years of age from two popular neighborhoods of the municipality of Ponedera (Atlantic) participated, who responded to a self-filling questionnaire voluntarily and anonymously. Results: there was a tendency of the majority of the sample towards an extreme concern for body image (92%), that is, women who were placed in this category recognize having problems associated with excess weight, as well as certain complexes When interacting in context, keeping in mind that what other people can say about their body is important for them and therefore, avoid situations in which their body image is a matter of discussion. Conclusion: It is necessary that in this sector campaigns be carried out to promote physical activity as well as sections with experts in nutrition that provide guidelines for healthy eating so that the female population of this environment acquires healthy lifestyles.

Recent syphilis with oral manifestations: three case reports treated at a STD clinic / Sífilis recente com manifestação oral: relato de três casos atendidos em uma clínica de DST

Introduction: The occurrence of sexually transmitted infections with oral manifestations, such as syphilis, remains a challenge in the era of rapid tests associated with an adequate clinical evaluation in the patients' approach. Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory aspects involved, from the diagnosis to prognosis, of three case reports of recent syphilis with oral manifestations attended at a university clinic in the city of Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Case report: Three cases of recent syphilis with oral manifestations in the tongue region. The first one, a 38-year-old female patient who presented syphilis in regions of the body other than the oral cavity (case I); the second one, a 31-year-old male patient with oral ulcerative lesions with associated genital lesion (case II); and, finally, a 49-year-old female patient suspected of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions, in which syphilis was confirmed after a long path to obtain her diagnosis (case III). All cases were laboratory tested at the time of diagnosis and received appropriate treatment and guidance. Conclusion: It was possible to observe through the present study that some situations need attention: evaluation of the oral cavity should occur concomitantly with the investigation of genital lesions; diagnosis hypothesis of occurrence of syphilis with oral manifestation should be considered in the clinical evaluation; oral lesions may present similar clinical manifestations, suggesting investigation of their possible infectious etiology.

Introdução: A abordagem das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis com manifestações orais, tais como a sífilis, ainda permanece um desafio na era dos testes rápidos associados à adequada avaliação clínica na assistência de pacientes. Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais envolvidos, do diagnóstico ao prognóstico, de três casos clínicos de sífilis recente com manifestações orais atendidos em uma clínica universitária do município de Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Relato de caso: Trata-se de três casos de sífilis recente com manifestações orais na região de língua, que ocorreram em: uma paciente do sexo feminino, 38 anos, em que as manifestações da sífilis foram observadas em outras regiões do corpo e na cavidade oral (caso I); um paciente do sexo masculino, 31 anos, que apresentava lesões ulceradas orais com lesão genital associada (caso II); e, por fim, uma paciente do sexo feminino, 49 anos, sob suspeita de infecção pelo vírus do papiloma humano (HPV) oral, em que foi confirmada sífilis após percorrer um longo trajeto até o estabelecimento do seu diagnóstico (caso III). Todos os casos realizaram testes laboratoriais por ocasião do diagnóstico e receberam tratamento e orientação adequados. Conclusão: Foi possível observar pelo presente estudo algumas situações que necessitam de atenção: a avaliação da cavidade oral deve ocorrer de forma concomitante e sistemática com a investigação de lesões genitais; a hipótese diagnóstica de ocorrência de sífilis com manifestação oral deve ser considerada na avaliação clínica; lesões bucais podem apresentar manifestações clínicas similares a outras doenças, sugerindo investigação de sua possível etiologia infecciosa ou não.

Metachronous second primary malignancy in head and neck cancer patients: is five years of follow-up sufficient?

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and characteristics of second primary malignancy (SPM) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated at a tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 221 patients who underwent surgery with or without adjuvant treatment for head and neck cancer from 2000 to 2002. Data of age, sex, risk factors, sites of primary and SPM, TNM stage of primary tumor, incidence of SPM, and survival were collected from medical charts. RESULTS: Eighteen patients developed SPM during a median follow-up of 67 months, with an overall incidence of 8.14%. In addition, 77.7% of SPMs occurred in the oral cavity, followed by 11% in the lungs. The 5-year overall survival after the diagnosis of SPM in the head or neck was 70%, compared to 30% for SPM in other body regions. CONCLUSION: Considering a high incidence of SPM, i.e., 8.14%, in a mean follow-up period of 67 months suggests the need for long-term follow-up. Since treatment of SPM has shown an acceptable survival rate, early detection and curative therapy should be emphasized.

Drowning-Related Injuries: Fallen from the Bridge for the Purpose of Suicide

PURPOSE: Jumping off a bridge is one method of suicide. In a recent report, out of the 37 patients with cardiac arrest after drowning, 5 (36%) patients suffered severe traumatic injuries. The objective of this study was to report these injuries, without cardiac arrest, in patients after jumping off a bridge with the purpose of suicide. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients admitted to the emergency department in a tertiary care hospital after drowning in the Han River between 1997 and 2012. We analyzed the results of imaging studies. Each injury was described as one of the six body regions, similar to the method of the Injury Severity Score. RESULTS: A total of 469 patients were admitted to the emergency department from drowning. Sixty-six patients had jumped off a bridge with the purpose of suicide. Forty patients experienced cardiac arrest. In cardiac arrest patients, 25 patients (62.5%) underwent radiologic examinations. Only 2 patients (5.0%) received damage on the cervical spine and face. All non-cardiac arrest patients underwent imaging studies. Nine patients (34.6%) showed evidence of injuries. Most injuries occurred in the chest; four patients suffered the following injuries: rib fracture, pneumothorax, pneumomedistinum, and thoracic spine fracture. One patient had abdominal damage, an intra-abdominal hematoma. Last one patient suffered an injury to the chest and abdomen. CONCLUSION: In drowning patients with the purpose of suicide, variable damage could not be ruled out. It is especially not confined to a specific area, and damage to various parts of the body should be considered.

Is nonhomogeneous expression of tissue mast cells or allergen specific IgEs bound to tissue mast cells possible?

Skin prick tests (SPTs) are widely used to demonstrate an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to a specific allergen. However, local allergic conditions cannot be diagnosed with SPTs. Local specific IgE production was only presented before in mucosal tissues. We present a patient with house dust mite sensitization that had variable SPTs results in different body regions.

Onicomadesis, reporte de un caso / Onychomadesis, a case report

La onicomadesis consiste en la separación o en el despegamiento indoloro y sin inflamación de la lámina del lecho ungueal en la zona proximal, apareciendo por debajo una uña nueva, puede afectar tanto a uñas de los dedos de las manos y de los pies. Las líneas de beau son surcos o estrías trans-versales en la uña que van de un pliegue lateral a otro, resultado de la interrupción temporal en la formación de la placa ungueal, podemos decir que la onicomadesis representa su forma extrema: donde el agente causal actúa durante más tiempo ocasionando afectación de todo el espesor de la placa ungueal y su consecuente separación del lecho ungueal. La onicomadesis puede tener causas locales, sistémicas o ser idiopáticas.

The onychomadesis is the separation or detachment without painless swelling of the nail bed sheet in the proximal area, appearing under a new nail polish can affect both the fingers and toes. The line beau are transverse striations or grooves in the nail going from one side to another, result of temporary disruption in the formation of the nail plate, fold onychomadesis can say that represents its extreme form: where the causal agent acts for causing longer involvement of the entire thickness of the nail plate and the consequent separation of the nail bed. The onychomadesis may have local, systemic or be idiopathic causes

An Analysis of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Butchers in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Butchering is often associated with high rates of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). However, published work on the prevalence of WRMSDs among butchers in Nigeria is scarce. This is important because meat processing practices differ across geographical and cultural locations. This study was therefore aimed at analyzing WRMSDs among butchers in Kano metropolis. METHODS: Sociodemographic and work-settings information was obtained from 102 male cattle butchers (age, 37.49±11.68 years) through survey. Information on the prevalence and pattern of musculoskeletal disorders was obtained from the respondents using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Additional information on health seeking practices was also obtained using a pro forma. Associations between the prevalence of WRMSDs and each of the sociodemographic data and work settings were explored using Chi-square analysis. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The 12-month and point prevalence rates of WRMSDs among butchers in this study were 88.2% and 74.5%, respectively. Whereas lower back complaints (66.7%) were the overall and lower body quadrant's most commonly reported WRMSDs among the butchers surveyed, wrist/hand complaints were the leading upper quadrant's (45.1%) most commonly reported WRMSDs among the respondents. There were significant associations between age and majority of WRMSDs in the body regions. Only 23.3% of the 90 individuals who had WRMSD visited the hospital to seek redress for their WRMSD. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of WRMSDs is high among butchers in Kano Metropolis. Few individuals with WRMSD utilize healthcare facilities. Age is a major risk factor in this setting.

Diseño de sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica en desórdenes osteomusculares para una empresa de fabricación de refrigeradores en el distrito de Barranquilla / Design of epidemiological surveillance system in musculoskeletal disorders for refrigerators manufacturing company in the district of Barranquilla

Objetivo: Diseñar un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica en desórdenes osteomusculares en trabajadores ope-rativos de una empresa de fabricación de refrigeradores del distrito de Barranquilla. Materiales y métodos: Este proyecto de investigación es de tipo transversal descriptivo. Se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia, constituido por 79 trabajadores. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron:PARQ, IMC, cuestionario nórdico y método REBA. Resul-tados: Del total de la población encuestada, se determinó que el 60,8 % refiere alguna sintomatología osteomus-cular; donde el 48,1 % manifestó tener afectado un solo segmento corporal, el 10,1 % relacionado a 2 segmentos y con 3 o 4 segmentos comprometidos un 1,3 % respectivamente. Además de evidenciar que el segmento corporal con mayor afectación es el dorsolumbar relacionado con cargos como operario de armado, operario de enchape, de inyección y soldador. Conclusión: El colectivo de trabajadores de las áreas de armado, enchape, inyección y soldadura está especialmente expuesto a factores de riesgo que aumentan la probabilidad de padecer molestias y daños musculoesqueléticos. Los movimientos repetidos de extremidades superiores y la manipulación manual de cargas destacan entre los riesgos ergonómicos y las exigencias de atención, los altos ritmos de trabajo y los plazos cortos entre los riesgos psicosociales a los que está expuesto este colectivo. Además, que el índice de masa corporal es un factor importante ante la aparición de desórdenes musculoesqueléticos.

Objective:To design a system of epidemiological surveillance in musculoskeletal disorders in workers of operating a company manufacturing refrigerators of the district of Barranquilla. Materials and methods: This research proj-ect is a descriptive cross-sectional. There was a convenience sample, consisting of 79 employees. The instruments used were:PAR-Q, BMI, Nordic questionnaire method and REBA. Results: Of the total population surveyed, it was determined that 60.8 % of the population refers any musculoskeletal symptoms; where the 48.1 % said have affected only a part of the body, the 10.1 % related to 2 segments and with 3 or 4 segments committed a 1.3 per cent respectively. In addition, demonstrate that the part of the body most affected is the dorsolumbar dealing with charges of armed as an operator, operator of enchape, injection and soldering iron. Conclusion: The group of workers in the areas of armed, enchape, injection, and welding are especially exposed to risk factors that increase the likelihood of suffering from discomfort and damage muscle-skeletal. Repetitive movements of the upper ex-tremities and the manual handling of loads are among the ergonomic hazards and the demands of attention, the high rates of work and the short periods between psychosocial risks to which it is exposed this collective. In addi-tion, that the body mass index is an important factor before the appearance of skeletal muscle disorders

The Appropriateness of Modified Trauma Team Activation Protocol for Trauma Patients in Emergency Department

PURPOSE: Rapid multidisciplinary trauma care by trauma team is essential for severely injured patients. Different protocols for trauma team activation are used in each hospital. Correct trauma triage is needed to ensure appropriate use of medical resources. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of our modified protocol for trauma team activation. METHODS: This is an observational, retrospective cohort study. Injured patients with trauma team activation (TTA) or who had been admitted to a surgical intensive care unit were investigated from 1st March 2010 to 31st May 2012. The TTA protocol was analyzed with respect to sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), and overtriage (1-PPV). Undertriage (1-sensitivity) was defined as no TTA despite severe injury (Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15). RESULTS: A total of 229 patients were included. There were 201 patients with TTA and 28 patients without TTA. Of the 201 patients with TTA, 104 were identified as severely injured (ISS>15), yielding sensitivity of 79%, PPV of 51%, and overtriage of 49%. Undertriage was 21% (n=28) when considering all severely injured patients (n=132). Among 12 criteria of our TTA protocol, 'injury in two or more body regions' accounted for 85.6% of the overtriage. Of the patients with undertriage, 75% represented isolated head injury and 28.5% from interhospital transfer. CONCLUSION: The rate of overtriage of TTA protocol in our hospital is appropriate, but the rate of undertriage is relatively high. We believe, to decrease the overtriage of all and undertriage in patients with injury in an isolated specific body region, more research for evaluation of effects of protocol excluding the criteria of 'injury in two or more body regions' is needed.

The Overlap between Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Myotonia Congenita

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic widespread pain (CWP), multiple areas of tenderness, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and mood or cognitive dysfunction. Myotonia congenita (MC) is an inherited myopathic disorder that is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the skeletal muscle chloride channel, which can infrequently manifest as generalized muscle cramps or myalgia. CASE REPORT: The first case was a 33-year-old woman who complained of CWP and chronic headache occurring during pregnancy, and the second case was a 37-year-old man with CWP and depression who suffered from cold-induced muscle cramps. These two patients were initially diagnosed with FMS by rheumatologists, based on CWP of longer than 3 months duration and mechanical tenderness in specific body regions. However, these two FMS patients were subsequently also diagnosed with MC. CONCLUSIONS: These two cases are the first report of an overlap of CWP between FMS and MC.

Risk factors of musculoskeletal symptoms in university hospital nurses

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate musculoskeletal symptom prevalence in university hospital nurses and explore the relation between musculoskeletal symptom prevalence and work related factors. METHODS: A structured questionnaire was conducted with 620 nurses in a university hospital to look into the characters of responsibility and musculoskeletal symptom prevalence. The questionnaire respondents numbered 534, so the response rate was 86.1%. Among the respondents, three who gave insincere answers were excluded. The final study population was 531 respondents. ANSI Z-365 checklist was applied to look into ergonomic characteristics, and Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form was employed to measure job stress. RESULTS: In the case of the whole body, symptom prevalence amounted to 70.8%. Regarding each body region, shoulder symptom prevalence accounted for the highest, or 44.8%, waist 40.7%, and neck 33.3% in order. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, in the case of the whole body, the group with a high ANSI checklist grade had odds ratio of 3.59 (95% CI 1.48 ~ 8.76), and the group with high job stress had 3.19 (95% CI 2.01 ~ 5.07). CONCLUSION: Regarding the occupational factors related to musculoskeletal symptoms of university hospital nurses, it was found that ANSI Z-365 checklist high risk group, total job tenure, department, shiftworks, and job stress had high relation with musculoskeletal symptoms. It is necessary to find an ergonomic solution and a stress reduction plan to prevent musculoskeletal disease.

Relationship between Psychosocial Risk Factors and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Public Hospital Nurses in Malaysia

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationships between psychosocial work factors and risk of WRMSDs among public hospital nurses in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 660 public hospital nurses. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the occurrence of WRMSDs according to body regions, socio-demographic profiles, occupational information and psychosocial risk factors. 468 questionnaires were returned (response rate of 71%), and 376 questionnaires qualified for subsequent analysis. Univariate analyses were applied to test for mean and categorical differences across the WRMSDs; multiple logistic regression was applied to predict WRMSDs based on the Job Strain Model's psychosocial risk factors. RESULTS: Over two thirds of the sample of nurses experienced discomfort or pain in at least one site of the musculoskeletal system within the last year. The neck was the most prevalent site (48.94%), followed by the feet (47.20%), the upper back (40.69%) and the lower back (35.28%). More than 50% of the nurses complained of having discomfort in region one (neck, shoulders and upperback) and region four (hips, knees, ankles, and feet). The results also revealed that psychological job demands, job strain and iso-strain ratio demonstrated statistically significant mean differences (p < 0.05) between nurses with and without WRMSDs. According to univariate logistic regression, all psychosocial risk factors illustrated significant association with the occurrence of WRMSDs in various regions of the body (OR: 1.52-2.14). Multiple logistic regression showed all psychosocial risk factors were significantly associated with WRMSDs across body regions (OR: 1.03-1.19) except for region 1 (neck, shoulders and upper back) and region 4 (hips, knees, ankles, and feet). All demographic variables except for years of employment were statistically and significantly associated with WRMSDs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated the high prevalence of WRMSDs in many body regions, and the risks of developing WRMSDs according to the various body regions were associated with important psychosocial risk factors based on the job strain model. These findings have implications for the management of WRMSDs among public hospital nurses in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Intraoperative distance between the main trunk of the facial nerve and surgical landmarks used in parotidectomy: A prospective study

@#p style=text-align: justify;strongOBJECTIVE:/strong To determine the mean distance of the main trunk of the facial nerve from two commonly employed surgical landmarks (tragal pointer and tympanomastoid suture line) among a sample a Filipino adults undergoing parotidectomy.METHODS:br /Design:/strong Prospective descriptive studybr /strongSetting: /strongTertiary Government Training Studybr /strongSubjects:/strong 22 patients without facial paralysis undergoing surgery for parotid neoplasms were evaluated intraoperatively.RESULTS/strong: The main trunk of the facial nerve was found to be 9.0 mm (standard deviation of 2.8 mm) from the tragal pointer and 6.1 mm (standard deviation of 2.0 mm) from the tympanomastoid suture line.CONCLUSION/strong: The mean distance from the main trunk of the facial nerve to two of the most commonly utilized landmarks in identification of the nerve during parotidectomy was 9.0 mm (standard deviation of 2.8 mm) from the tragal pointer and 6.1 mm (standard deviation of 2.0 mm) from the tympanomastoid suture line. These may serve as reference values for surgeons in safer identification and preservation of the facial nerve during parotidectomy.

Criptococosis / Cryptococcosis

La criptococosis es una infección micótica de distribución mundial, producida principalmente por el complejo Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii (C. neoformans/C. gattii), ambos se encuentran ampliamente distribuidos en la naturaleza. C. neoformans afecta principalmente a personas inmunocomprometidas y C. gattii a pacientes inmunocompetentes expuestos a al nicho ecológico del hongo. Por lo general la puerta de entrada es por vía respiratoria y posteriormente se disemina a otras regiones del cuerpo, principalmente el sistema nervioso central. El diagnóstico se realiza por observación directa del hongo, estudios histopatológicos, aislamiento en cultivos y la presencia de antígeno capsular. Las manifestaciones cutáneas pueden ser por inoculación primaria a la piel, denominada criptococosis cutánea primaria o por diseminación hematógena como parte de una enfermedad sistémica, lo que se denomina criptococosis cutánea secundaria. Las principales diferencias son que en la primera existe un antecedente traumático previo, menor porcentaje de pacientes inmunodeprimidos y lesiones únicas o confinadas a las manos o áreas descubiertas. Aunque la incidencia de criptococosis ha disminuido con el tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad, aun es prevalente en regiones donde no se accede a este tratamiento, así mismo las manifestaciones cutáneas son difíciles de reconocer por lo que es importante que el médico considere este diagnóstico en pacientes con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana o pacientes que antecedente traumático expuestos a la ecología del hongo como heces de palomas, tierra o madera en descomposición.

Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection of worldwide distribution, mainly produced by the complex Cryptococcus neoformans / Cryptococcus gattii, both are widely distributed in nature, primarily affecting immunocompromised patients. Generally the gateway is through inhalation and later spread to other regions of the body, especially the central nervous system. The diagnosis is performed by direct observation of the fungus, histopathology, culture isolation and the presence of capsular antigen. Cutaneous manifestations may be for primary inoculation to the skin, called primary cutaneous cryptococcosis or for hematogenous spread as part of a systemic disease, which is called secondary cutaneous cryptococcosis. The main differences are a previous trauma, lower percentage of immunocompromised patients and single lesions confined to the hands or bare spots in the first case. Although the incidence of cryptococcosis has decreased with highly active antiretroviral therapy, is still prevalent in regions where there is not access to this treatment, also the skin manifestations are difficult to recognize what is important for the physician to consider this diagnosis in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus or patients with traumatic history exposed to ecology of the fungus as pigeon excreta, soil or decaying wood.

Primary Cutaneous Cryptococcosis Mimicking Herpes Zoster / 대한피부과학회지

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis (PCC) is a localized skin infection confined to one body region, without evidence of dissemination. The clinical presentation of PCC is so variable that its diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. A 52-year-old woman presented with localized grouped erythematous papulovesicles on the left ear lobe for 6 months with wax and wane pattern. However, there were no signs of systemic cryptococcal infection. Histopathological examination showed numerous encapsulated round spores and budding yeasts in the dermis. Culture of aspirate from the wound and tissue samples revealed Cryptococcus neoformans. Herein, we report an interesting case of PCC on the left ear that clinically mimics herpes zoster.

Multiple congenital anomalies in a Korean native calf (Bos taurus coreanae) / 대한수의학회지

Supernumerary ectopic limb(s) (SEL) is a congenital anomaly defined as the presence of accessory limb(s) attached to various body regions. This paper describes a case of SEL with ectopic lung and ectopia cordis in a newborn calf, based on macroscopic, microscopic and radiographic findings. External features of multiple congenital anomalies included an ectopic lung growing over the middle of the backbone and covered with normal haired skin. Ectopia cordis was found in the abdominal cavity and attached to the liver. Two extra abnormal limbs originated separately from within the ectopic lung. Most of the abdominal organs were exposed to the outside through the opened abdominal cavity. Microscopically the ectopic lung tissue had edema in the connective tissue around the bronchus and artery. Changes in other organs included congestion of the renal medulla, infiltration of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and eosinophils) around the hepatic portal tract, and edema surrounding blood vessels and neurons in the brain. The rudimentary humerus of the forelimb was attached to the thoracic spine, as viewed radiographically. The hindlimb was consisted of an irregularly shaped femur, short tibia and fibula, two tarsal bones, one metatarsal bone, and three phalanges. This is the first description of congenital anomalies involving the SEL, ectopic lung and ectopia cordis in a calf.