Situs inversus totalis asociado a síndrome de preexcitación ventricular: reporte de un caso / Situs inversus totalis and pre excitation syndrome

Resumen: El situs inversus totalis es la inversión congénita completa de órganos torácicos y abdominales. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 3 años sin antecedentes médicos previos, a quien en atención primaria, y por un cuadro respiratorio agudo, se evidencia el hallazgo de dextrocardia y burbuja gástrica a derecha en la radiografía de tórax, sospechándose situs inversus totalis. Fue derivada a cardiología infantil donde se confirmó el diagnóstico con un ecocardiograma transtorácico, asociado a un hallazgo de preexcitación ventricular en el electrocardiograma. Una vez resuelto el cuadro respiratorio agudo, la paciente se mantiene controlada de manera periódica en atención primaria y por especialista de manera semestral.

Abstract: Situs inversus totalis is the complete congenital inversion of thoracic and abdominal organs. We present the case of a 3-year-old girl with no previous medical history. When seen with an acute respiratory syndrome, dextrocardia and gastric bubble on the right side led to the diagnosis of Situs inversus. She was referred to infant cardiology where the diagnosis was confirmed with a transthoracic echocardiogram. In addition, the electrocardiogram identified the presence of ventricular preexitation. Once the acute respiratory symptoms subsided, the patient remains controlled periodically in primary care and by a specialist every six months. No episodes of tachycardia have been detected.

Dolor torácico y alteración del segmento ST en pacientes con vías accesorias aurículo-ventriculares: Report of three cases / Chest pain and ST segment abnormalities in patients with accessory atrioventricular pathways

We report three patients with pre-excitation syndrome that resembled an acute coronary syndrome. A 65 years old woman, consulting in the emergency room for palpitations and retrosternal pain. EKG showed regular tachycardia and ST depression that reverted spontaneously after an episode of vomiting. A subsequent EKG demonstrated a pre-excitation syndrome and the accessory pathway was fulgurated. A 18 years old male presenting with tachycardia and chest pain elicited during exercise. An EKG showed a pre-excitation syndrome and ST segment elevation in V2 and V3. A coronary angiogram was normal. The accessory pathway successfully fulgurated. A 63 years old woman that presented tachycardia while exercising. She was subjected to an electrical cardioversion. An electrophysiological study showed an accessory pathway that was successfully fulgurated.

Gross left ventricular voltage with preexcitation in isolated left ventricular non-compaction.

A 30 years man presented with symptoms of heart failure with prior history of pulmonary tuberculosis, on routine investigation he was found to have gross left ventricular voltage on the electrocardiogram and evidence of ventricular pre-excitation. His echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction. The aetiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic criteria and review of literature of this rare entity is discussed here.

Pre-excitation with syncope: a false lead?

An 18-year-old girl with pre-excitation presented with a history of recurrent syncope preceded by palpitation. The accessory pathway, which had a relatively long antegrade effective refractory period of 340 ms, was mapped and successfully ablated in the left lateral region. However, after ablation, she had reproducible sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, which was found to be the cause of her syncope. Thus, alternate mechanisms of tachycardia need to be considered in patients with pre-excitation when the presentation is atypical.

Reciprocal beats of atrial origin terminating atrioventricular nodal wenckebach periods with atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia in the Wollf Parkison White Syndrome

A Patient with the Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome demonstrating reciprocal beat of atrial origin aborting atrioventricular nodal Wenckebach periods, and atrioventricular bypass reentrant tachycardia, is presented

Aspectos clínico-electrocardiográficos en el síndrome de preexcitación ventricular / Clinico-electrocardiographic aspects in ventricular preexcitation syndrome

Se realiza un estudio de 60 pacientes que presentan SPV procedentes de la consulta de cardiología del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico de Pinar del Río. Se valora la edad, el sexo, las enfermedades cardiovasculares asociadas y los tipos encontrados de arritmia. Se enfatiza también en los principales síntomas clínicos que motivaron la consulta de estos pacientes, en los signos auscultatorios y en el tratamiento indicado. Se señala que entre los resultados más significativos obtenidos, tenemos que el SPV se distribuyó uniformemente en ambos sexos (50,0%), la incidencia del tipo B fue mayor (63,4%) y se encontró algún tipo de disritmia cardíaca (55,0%), la que predominó en el tipo A con el 68,0%; en el 26,6% se pudo diagnosticar la cardiopatía. Se informan que el síntoma que motivó la consulta en la mayoría de los pacientes fue las palpitaciones. Se indica que el hallazgo auscultatorio más frecuente fue los soplos anorgánicos. Se señala que el medicamento de mejores resultados fue el propranolol por vía oral