Gastrostomy in dogs with magnetic compression technique combined with endoscopy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility of endoscopic gastrostomy combined with magnetic compression techniques in dogs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The magnetic compression device consisted of a couple of cylindrical magnets with a hole in the center. A 14-French gastric tube was inserted through the hole and fixed on the parent magnets. Four male mongrel dogs were selected randomly for the operation. The daughter magnet was placed into the dog's gastric body by a Zebra Guidewire under endoscopy, then a skin incision was performed on the left upper abdomen, through which the subcutaneous tissues and muscle were isolated up to the peritoneum. The parent magnet was placed on the surface of the peritoneum, which attracted the daughter magnet inside the gastric cavity automatically to compress the gastric wall and peritoneum. A needle was inserted through the gastric tube and punctured the tissue in the hole of the magnets repeatedly to form a fistula. After removing the needle, the gastrostomy was complete. The fistula was observed and its specimen was taken two weeks later under laparotomy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the four operations were successfully performed, and the operation time was 11-15 minutes. The stoma was matured immediately, through which early enteral nutrition support was administered. The gastric wall and peritoneum were observed with well healing and no adhesion in the abdominal cavity under laparotomy two weeks after the operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gastrostomy performed by magnetic compression technique combined with endoscopy is convenient, minimally invasive and safe, which may be used in future clinical practice.</p>

Biotransformation of 6beta-santonin by Phytolacca acinosa cell suspension cultures / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To obtain more valuable derivatives for the further structural modification of 6beta-santonin (1) via biotransformation by using cell suspension cultures of Phytolacca acinosa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The substrate 1 was incubated with cell suspension cultures of P. acinosa, the products were obtained by chromatography, and identified on the basis of their physical and spectral data (HRMS, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, NOE and IR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After incubation with cell suspension cultures of P. acinosa, 1 was converted into five products. Among them, 3 is a new compound.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>6beta-santonin could be selectively reduced and hydroxylated by the cell suspension cultures of P. acinosa, which would provide valuable intermediates for its further structural modification.</p>

Biotransformation of alpha santonin

Bacillus cereus UI-1477 was able to convert alpha-santonin into 1,2-dihydrosantonin in a 64% yield. The chemical identity of the obtained metabolite was confirmed by UV, IR, 1D- and 2D-, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Biological evaluation showed a complete loss of both anthelmintic and antimicrobial activity of 1,2-dihydrosantonin in comparison to alpha-santonin

Evaluación comparativa entre ácido kaínic, santonina y adipato de piperazina solos y asociados como antihelmínticos: terapétuica y tolerancia / Comparative evaluation between kainic acid, santonine and piperazine adipate alone and combined as antihelminthes: therapeutics and tolerance

Se estudió a la población escolar de una zona endémica para geohelmintiasis mediante estudios coproparasitoscópicos, utilizando el método de flotación. Se seleccionaron con 200 pacientes que presentaban parasitosis por Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura y uncinaria. En un estudio posterior se valoraron por el método de frotis fecal de Kato Katz, además de realizar tres estudios por el método de raspado anal con cinta de celulosa engomada. Los pacientes se dividieron en cinco grupos y se les administró en una sola dosis: grupo 1, santonina a concentración de 66.6 mg/10 ml; grupo 2, adipato de piperazina a concentración de 1333.2 mg/10 ml, grupo 3, ácido Kaínico a concentración de 6.6 mg/10 ml; grupo 4, combinación de santonina 33.3 mg/10 ml, piperazina 666.6 mg/10 ml y ácido Kaínico 3.3 mg/10 ml, y grupo 5, adipato de piperazina a concentración de 2666.4 mg/10ml. Posterior al tratamiento se practicaron nuevamente los exámenes mencionados a manera de control. Los resultados demostraron que la combinación de ácido Kaínico, piperazina y santonina es mejor en el control de la helmintiasis que los fármacos utilizados en forma independiente

Santonin-kainic acid complex as a mass chemotherapeutic of Ascaris lumbricoides control in Korea

Santonin-kainic acid complex was evaluated as a chemotherapeutic of the mass treatment of the Ascaris lumbricoides infection in Korea. The results could be summarized as follows: The negative conversion rate was 82.9% in average in 4 treated groups. Some variations of negative conversion rate among the treated groups were noticed. The egg reduciton rate was 97.7% in average and the results were rather uniform among the three evaluated groups. By the analysis of egg reduction, it seems that the lightly infected cases whose E.P.G. were under 5,000 were resistant to treatment with the less reduced egg output. After the treatment with this complex, the number of egg discharged cases were reduced to 1.84% and the average number of discharge eggs per incompletely treated or untreated cases were reduced to 12.5% compared with the level of before-treatment egg output. The successive observations of the pattern of worm expulsion after drug intake was made. The worms were mostly expelled in the stool within 3 days, and 58.9% of total expelled worms were collected within 24-hour stool. The minimum length of the immature worms expelled was 7.6cm. Among the 659 Ascaris collected in the first-day stool from 91 rural people, 8.5% were in the range of 7.6-12.2 cm-long, immature worms. The sex ratio, male: female= 0.69: 1.