Statistical analysis of clinical, immunological and nutritional factors in pediatric cryptosporidiosis in the Philippines.

A statistical analysis of clinical, nutritional, and immunological data gathered in a previous study suggest that nutritional factors, and in particular, iron status, appeared to be of significance in mounting an effective immune response to Cryptosporidium infection in young children. The primary protective mechanism seemed to be cell-mediated; humoral immunity was intact in all the study subjects, however, CMI was initially impaired but improved over six weeks.

Effect of severe protein energy malnutrition on duodenal secretory IgA

Estimation of secretory IgA in the duodenal fluid of 12 marasmic, 8 kwashiorkor patients and 10 matched healthy infants as controls showed a significant decrease in both marasmic and kwashiorkor patients. The level of duodenals sIgA was lower in kwashiorkor than in marasmic patients but the differences was statistically insignificant

The development of a bivalent vaccine against diarrhoeal disease.

The live oral typhoid vaccine Salmonella typhi Ty2la has been successfully used as an effective public health tool for the control of typhoid fever. This paper reviews the progress of one vaccine development programme, which uses this organism as a carrier of the O-antigens of Vibrio cholerae. It is already known that antibodies directed against the O-antigens have been previously demonstrated in animals to be protective against subsequent challenge with virulent organisms. This paper reports that the hybrid orally administrable typhoid/cholera vaccines that have resulted through this programme are immunogenic in humans, and therefore this represents the first significant step towards the development of an effective bivalent typhoid/cholera oral vaccine.