Instrumentos de avaliação multidimensional aplicados ao cuidado de enfermagemda pessoa idosa hospitalizada / Multidimensional assessment instruments applied to nursing care for hospitalized elderly people

Objetivo: descrever os aspectos da avaliação multidimensional no cuidado de enfermagem para a pessoa idosa hospitalizada. Método: revisão integrativa, desenvolvida em seis etapas. Resultados: 55 artigos compuseram o corpus de análise, todos em inglês; sendo predominante: publicações na revista Biomedcentral Geriatrics (n=11); pesquisas realizadas em hospital (n=35); método quantitativo (n=31). Emergiram três conceitos de avaliação multidimensional (n=14): Avaliação Geriátrica, Avaliação Geriátrica Abrangente e Avaliação Multidimensional; e diversas escalas alinhadas a cuidados de enfermagem, destacando-se: avaliação da independência funcional (n=31); avaliação cognitiva (n=22); avaliação nutricional (n=16); fragilidade (n=13); aspectos psicossociais (n=11); comorbidade (n=8); delirium (n=6); riscos (n=3); medicamentos (n=2); anestesiologia (n=2); dor (n=2); lesão por pressão (n=2) e temáticas especificas. Conclusão: a avaliação multidimensional da pessoa idosa é estratégia para qualificação do cuidado e integralidade da assistência, podendo utilizar diversas escalas como ferramentas de avaliação clínica.(AU)

Objective: to describe the aspects of multidimensional assessment in nursing care for hospitalized elderly people. Method: integrative review, developed in six stages. Results: 55 articles made up the corpus of analysis, all in English; predominantly: publications in the journal Biomedcentral Geriatrics (n=11); research carried out in hospital (n=35); quantitative method (n=31). Three concepts of multidimensional assessment emerged (n=14): Geriatric Assessment, Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Multidimensional Assessment; and several scales aligned with nursing care, highlighting: assessment of functional independence (n=31); cognitive assessment (n=22); nutritional assessment (n=16); frailty (n=13); psychosocial aspects (n=11); comorbidity (n=8); delirium (n=6); risks (n=3); medications (n=2); anesthesiology (n=2); pain (n=2); pressure injury (n=2) and specific themes. Conclusion: Multidimensional assessment of the elderly is a strategy for improving care and providing comprehensive assistance, and various scales can be used as clinical assessment tools.(AU)

Objetivo: describir los aspectos de la evaluación multidimensional en los cuidados de enfermería a ancianos hospitalizados. Método: revisión integradora, desarrollada en seis etapas. Resultados: 55 artículos constituyeron el corpus de análisis, todos en inglés; predominaron: publicaciones en la revista Biomedcentral Geriatrics (n=11); investigación realizada en hospital (n=35); método cuantitativo (n=31). Surgieron tres conceptos de evaluación multidimensional (n=14): Valoración Geriátrica, Valoración Geriátrica Integral y Valoración Multidimensional; y varias escalas alineadas con los cuidados de enfermería, destacando: valoración de la independencia funcional (n=31); valoración cognitiva (n=22); valoración nutricional (n=16); fragilidad (n=13); aspectos psicosociales (n=11); comorbilidad (n=8); delirium (n=6); riesgos (n=3); medicación (n=2); anestesiología (n=2); dolor (n=2); lesiones por presión (n=2) y temas específicos. Conclusión: La evaluación multidimensional del anciano es una estrategia para cualificar los cuidados y proporcionar una asistencia integral, y varias escalas pueden utilizarse como instrumentos de evaluación clínica.(AU)

Cenário epidemiológico da Covid-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro Período de Análise: março/2020 a abril/2021 / Epidemiological scenario from Covid-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro Analysis Period: March/2020 to April/2021

O Estado do Rio de Janeiro vem monitorando a evolução das variantes da Covid-19 por meio de três processos de seleção de amostras. O primeiro é o monitoramento realizado pelos municípios que notifica e solicita o sequenciamento, seguindo os critérios e fluxos descritos na Nota técnica da SES-RJ Nº 09/2021. O segundo faz parte da Vigilância Genômica organizada pelo Ministério da Saúde, onde três amostras aleatórias são enviadas pelo Lacen/RJ para FUNED/MG, de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos pela SVS/ FUNED. O terceiro é através de um estudo com financiamento da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) que iniciou em março de 2021 e irá realizar a genotipagem de um total de 4.800 amostras nos próximos seis meses, sendo 400 a cada 15 dias. Por fim, a Secretaria de Estado de Saúde tem envidado esforços em ações de redução de risco, como a vacinação, ampliação de testagem, monitoramento genômico e promoção de saúde em todo o estado do Rio de Janeiro. E é recomendado manter as medidas de proteção à vida: como evitar aglomeração, usar de máscara, lavar as mãos e fazer higienização das mãos com álcool 70°.

Psiquiatria, segregação e punições: análises a partir de Michel Foucault / Psychiatry, segregation and punishments: analyzes from Michel Foucault

OBJETIVOS: Este artigo visa, por meio de um ensaio teórico, pensar relações entre Psiquiatria, espaços de segregação nos estudos de Foucault, a partir de cursos, conferências, entrevistas, aulas, livros e por meio de alguns comentadores de Michel Foucault, no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Analisar os espaços de controle dos corpos em hospitais e prisões fez parte dos objetivos deste texto, considerando uma análise conceitual como metodologia. As práticas punitivas e psiquiátricas são entrecruzadas nesta analítica sob o eixo das relações de poder e saber ligadas ao espaço. CONCLUSÕES PROVISÓRIAS: Problematizar este campo de uma história política da verdade, no presente, é um ponto de preocupação e ativação da escrita operatória deste artigo com análises teórico-conceituais com a interface da Psiquiatria com os espaços de segregação, internação e aprisionamento.

OBJECTIVES: This article aims, through a theoretical essay, to think about relations between Psychiatry, spaces of segregation in Foucault's studies, from courses, conferences, interviews, classes, books, and through some commentators by Michel Foucault, in Brazil. METHODS: Analyzing the control spaces of bodies in hospitals and prisons as part of the objectives of this text, considering a conceptual analysis as a methodology. Punitive and psychiatric practices are intertwined in this analysis under the axis of power and knowledge relations linked to space. PROVISIONAL CONCLUSIONS: To problematize this field of the political history of truth, at present, is a point of concern and activation of the operative writing of this article with theoreticalconceptual analyzes with the interface of Psychiatry with the spaces of segregation, hospitalization, and imprisonment.

High HIV prevalence in an early cohort of hospital admissions with COVID-19 in Cape Town, South Africa

Background. South Africa (SA) has a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis. Cape Town was the SA metropole most affected in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Early observational data from Africa may provide valuable insight into what can be expected as the pandemic expands across the continent.Objectives. To describe the prevalence, clinical features, comorbidities and outcome of an early cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients admitted with COVID-19.Methods. This was a descriptive observational study of an early cohort of adults with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted from 25 March to 11 May 2020.Results. Of 116 patients (mean age 48 years, 61% female) admitted, 24 were HIV-positive (21%). The most common symptoms reported were cough (n=88; 73%), shortness of breath (n=78; 69%), fever (n=67; 59%), myalgia (n=29; 25%) and chest pain (n=22; 20%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (n=46; 41%), diabetes mellitus (n=43; 38%), obesity (n=32; 28%) and HIV (n=24; 21%). Mortality was associated with older age (mean (standard deviation) 55 (12) years v. 46 (14) years; p<0.01); the presence of hypertension or hypertension along with diabetes and/or obesity; lower partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio; and higher urea level, white cell count, neutrophil count, and C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin levels, and high neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. The overall survival rate for all hospital admissions was 86/116 (73%). In this early cohort, survival was similar in patients with HIV (n=18; 75%) compared with those without HIV (n=67; 75%) (p=1). Of the 74 patients admitted to the wards, 63 (85%) survived, whereas 22 of 42 (52%) admitted to the intensive care unit survived.Conclusions. Patients with HIV infection represented a large proportion of all COVID-19 admissions. The presentation and outcome of patients with HIV did not differ significantly from those of patients without HIV

Derivaciones de profesionales de la salud al Equipo de Psicopedagogía del Hospital General Carlos G. Durand / Referrals from health professionals to the psychopedagogy team of the General Hospital Carlos G. Durand

Proyecto de investigación de residentes de tercer año de Psicopedagogia en el Hospital General de Agudos Carlos Durand, de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, centrado en el espacio de admisión, y en las expectativas de sus profesionales, al indicar admisión al Servicio de Psicopedagogía, en el período 2017-2019.

Medicina de alto valor: análisis de su práctica / High Value Care: Analysis of this Medical Practice

Analizar la relación entre los planteamientos diagnósticos de ingreso y egreso, así como la utilidad de los exámenes paraclínicos solicitados para su eficacia diagnóstica. También se determinaron los tiempos de estancia en los servicios de emergencia y hospitalización como parte del sistema de control de calidad. Métodos: Estudio de casos, prospectivo y longitudinal. La muestra estuvo constituida por pacientes que consultaron al Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital General del Oeste y fueron hospitalizados en el servicio de Medicina Interna. Se trató de un muestreo no probabilístico, de selección intencional, de pacientes de cualquier género mayores de 18 años, que ingresaron en el período de Enero a Julio de 2018 con un total de 135. Los datos recolectados de los exámenes complementarios se clasificaron en útiles o no, según cada diagnóstico. Otra importante variable medida fue la identificación de estancia intrahospitalaria prolongada y su causa. Tratamiento estadístico: Se aplicó estadística descriptica a través de medidas de tendencia central y proporción según la naturaleza de las variables, con el fin de priorizar las principales fallas de calidad seguida de la estimación de los costos. Resultados: En el 45% de los casos la causante de estancia prolongada en la Emergencia fue la limitación en la infraestructura. En cuanto a la estancia hospitalaria y su costo, las seis principales fallas correspondieron a un total estimado de US$ 289.695 e incluyó al personal y al Sistema de Salud. Los exámenes diagnósticos de laboratorio e imágenes más solicitados representaron un porcentaje de no utilidad con un costo total estimado de US$ 7.224. Conclusión: En este primer trabajo venezolano sobre Atención Médica de Alto Valor se observaron múltiples causas por las cuales su práctica no fue completa(AU)

To analyze the relationship between the diagnostic approaches at admission and discharge of our hospital, as well as the utility of the tests requested in terms of their diagnostic efficacy and the determination of the length of stay in the emergency services and hospitalization as part of the evaluation of the health system´s quality. Methods: Case study, prospective and longitudinal. The sample were patients who consulted to the Emergency Service of the Hospital General del Oeste, Caracas, Venezuela, and were hospitalized in the Internal Medicine wards. It was a non-probabilistic sampling, of intentional selection, of patients of any gender over 18 years old, from January to July 2018, with a total sample of 135 subjects. The data collected of the tests and images ordered, were clasified as useful or not according to their iagnostic power; another important variable was to evaluate the prolonged hospital stay length and the causes for it. Statistics: Measures of central tendency and proportion, according to the nature of the variables, in order to prioritize the main quality faults, followed by the estimation of costs. Results: In 45% the cause of prolonged stay in the Emergency was the limitation of the infrastructure. In the context of the hospital stay and the six main failures corresponded to an estimated total cost of US$ 289.695 and ncluded health personnel and the Health System. The most frequently ordered laboratory tests and images showed a percentage of non-utility with an estimated total cost of US$ 7.224. Conclusion: In this first Venezuelan study on High-Value Medical Care, multiple causes were observed and explain why its practice is not complete(AU)

Admisiones en la Unidad de Intervención en Crisis del Hospital Psiquiátrico Provincial Luis Ramírez López, Guantánamo 2015-2017 / Internações hospitalares na Unidade de Intervenção de Crise do Hospital Psiquiátrico Provincial Luis Ramírez López, Guantánamo 2015-2017 / Hospital admissions in the Crisis Intervention Unit of the Luis Ramírez López Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Guantánamo 2015-2017

Introducción: en el Hospital Psiquiátrico Provincial Luis Ramírez López de la provincia Guantánamo no se han caracterizado los pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Intervención en Crisis (UIC). Objetivo: caracterizar las admisiones hospitalarias en la citada unidad en el periodo comprendido 2015-2017. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de los pacientes que ingresaron en esta unidad (n=538). Se estudiaron las variables: edad, sexo, procedencia, diagnóstico y estadía. Resultados: la mayor proporción de los pacientes admitidos tenía entre 18 y 23 años (21,9 por ciento), eran del sexo femenino (53,9 por ciento), procedieron del municipio Guantánamo (42,0 por ciento), el diagnóstico más frecuente fue el trastorno de adaptación depresivo (27,9 por ciento) y el 66,4 por ciento tuvo una estadía hospitalaria menor de 7 días. Conclusiones: en la Unidad de Intervención en Crisis se admitieron pacientes en la etapa productiva de la vida, sobre todo mujeres con trastornos depresivos, lo que muestra la pertinencia social de su estudio(AU)

Introduction: the patients admitted to the Crisis Intervention Unit (UIC) have not been characterized in the "Luis Ramírez López" Provincial Psychiatric Hospital of the Guantánamo province. Objective: to characterize hospital admissions in said unit in the period 2015-2017. Method: a descriptive and retrospective study of the patients admitted to this unit was carried out (n=538). The variables were studied: age, sex, origin, diagnosis and stay. Results: the highest proportion of admitted patients was between 18 and 23 years old (21.9 percent), they were female (53.9 percent), they came from the Guantanamo municipality (42.0 percent), the most frequent diagnosis was Depressive adjustment disorder (27.9 percent) and 66.4 percent had a hospital stay of less than 7 days. Conclusions: Patients in the productive stage of life were admitted to the Crisis Intervention Unit, especially women with depressive disorders, which shows the social relevance of their study(AU)

Introdução: os pacientes admitidos na Unidade de Intervenção de Crise (UIC) não foram caracterizados no Hospital Psiquiátrico Provincial "Luis Ramírez López" da Província de Guantánamo. Objetivo: caracterizar internações hospitalares na referida unidade no período 2015-2017. Método: estudo descritivo e retrospectivo dos pacientes admitidos nesta unidade (n=538). As variáveis foram estudadas: idade, sexo, origem, diagnóstico e permanência. Resultados: a maior proporção de pacientes internados foi entre 18 e 23 anos (21,9 por cento), eran do sexo feminino (53,9 por cento), procedentes do município de Guantánamo (42,0 por cento), o diagnóstico mais frequente foi Transtorno de ajuste depressivo (27,9 por cento) e 66,4 por cento tiveram internação hospitalar inferior a 7 dias. Conclusões: pacientes em estágio produtivo de vida foram admitidos na Unidade de Intervenção à Crise, especialmente mulheres com transtornos depressivos, o que mostra a relevância social de seu estudo(AU)

Enfermagem forense: homens vítimas de violências interpessoais e o cuidar/cuidados de Enfermagem / Forensic nursing: men victims of interpersonal violence and care/nursing care

O estudo defendeu a tese de que os homens vítimas de violências interpessoais admitidos no Cotidiano do Pronto-socorro apresentam necessidades forenses, porém, não são tecidas maneiras específicas de cuidar com base num saber/fazer de Enfermagem com perfil forense, capaz de fornecer vestígios ao sistema judiciário para que se obtenham as comprovações dos fatos dos quais a vítima se envolveu. Destacamos como objeto do estudo o Cuidar e os cuidados de Enfermagem Forense. As questões que nortearam o estudo foram: Quem são os homens vítimas de violências interpessoais atendidos no Pronto-socorro?; Quais são as tipologias das violências interpessoais sofridas pelos homens? Quais são os cuidados de Enfermagem com perfil forense realizados no Pronto-socorro aos homens vítimas de violências interpessoais? Quais são as possibilidades da implantação da prática da Enfermagem Forense no Pronto-socorro? Em face do exposto, estabeleceu-se como objetivos para o estudo: Caracterizar sociodemograficamente os homens vítimas de violências interpessoais que são atendidos no Pronto-socorro; identificar a tipologia das violências interpessoais sofridas por homens; analisar a tipologia de cuidados de Enfermagem com perfil forense realizados no Pronto-socorro a homens vítimas de violência interpessoais; discutir as implicações para a implantação da prática da Enfermagem Forense no Pronto-socorro; e elaborar uma aplicação para dispositivos móveis que permita a fotodocumentação e os registros de vestígios forenses por enfermeiros. Trata-se de um estudo dialético crítico com abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes foram os homens na faixa etária de 18 a 59 anos vítimas de violências interpessoais admitidos em um Pronto-socorro de um Hospital na região Centro Sul Fluminense no estado do Rio de Janeiro e 20 enfermeiras/os atuantes no cenário de estudo. A coleta de dados foi realizada em 4 etapas, a saber: 1a Etapa ­ realizou-se a apresentação do pesquisador para a equipe de enfermagem, seguida de orientação aos profissionais quanto aos objetivos do estudo e ao percurso metodológico estabelecido; posteriormente foi realizada a ambiência/descrição do cenário de estudo. 2a Etapa ­ procedeu-se a consulta aos livros de ocorrência do setor e boletim de atendimento médico com carimbo de ocorrência policial (OP), das fichas do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e dados dos atendimentos contidos no Sistema TOTVS, referente ao recorte temporal de 01 de janeiro de 2015 a 31 de dezembro de 2017. A 3a etapa compreendeu a observação dos cuidados recebidos pelos homens vítimas de violências e a entrevista com eles. Na 4a etapa foi realizada a entrevista com a equipe de Enfermagem. Os dados foram analisados por meio do conteúdo das entrevistas com as/os enfermeiras/os e das entrevistas com os homens vítimas de violências interpessoais. Foi analisado o total de 413 fichas de registros de atendimentos de homens vítimas de violência, dos quais foram identificados 49% na faixa etária de 18-29 anos. Observou-se, quanto à cor, que 21,1% são brancos e 19,6% negros. Houve predomínio da ocorrência dos casos de violência durante os finais de semana sendo domingo o dia de maior pico e durante a noite de 20h às 23h:59min, o local de maior ocorrência foi a via pública. Quanto à tipologia das violências 95% foram do tipo físico, sendo que 62,5% utilizaram como meio de violência a força corporal/espancamento. Quanto à região do corpo, em 34,1% dos casos, foi a cabeça e pescoço. Sobre os agressores, 43% foram do sexo masculino, sendo 22,5% conhecidos. Percebe-se que muitos homens são vistos como agressores e pouco como vítimas, tornando invisíveis como sujeitos que necessitam de cuidados. No que tange ao ambiente, corpo e cuidados de Enfermagem Forense identificou-se que as salas dos Pronto-socorro não se apresentam de forma adequada para atender às necessidades forenses dos homens vítimas de violências interpessoais, pois podem ocorrer contaminação e, consequentemente, a deterioração dos vestígios biológicos, morfológicos, entomológicos, químicos, físicos e microvestígios. Quanto ao corpo da/o enfermeira/o identificou-se que é o instrumento do cuidado de Enfermagem Forense, sendo necessária a paramentação adequada para evitar contaminações; identificou-se reduzido número de enfermeiras/os para identificar as necessidades forenses dos homens e estabelecer o cuidar e os cuidados de Enfermagem Forense. Assim, percebeu- se a necessidade de capacitações para as/os enfermeiras/os realizarem com qualidade a coleta e a preservação de vestígios forenses. Identificou-se que a/o enfermeira/o realiza a tessitura de cuidar/cuidados de Enfermagem Forense aos homens vítimas de violências interpessoais por meio de 14 maneiras de cuidar/cuidados forenses a saber: admissional forense, registro forense, identificação forense, eletrônico forense, conexão forense, ambiente forense, acolher forense, de cadeia de custódia, dinâmico forense, margem social forense, multifaces forense, circadiano forense, alta forense e com o corpo morto forense. Identificou-se que a/o enfermeira/o precisa adotar um modelo integrado de cuidar/cuidados de Enfermagem Forense, compreendendo que o homem vítima de violência interpessoal apresenta necessidades forenses, sendo fundamental deter atenção para os aspectos micromoleculares e macromoleculares. Entendeu-se que o cuidado de Enfermagem Forense é dialético, pois envolve estabelecer o cuidar e os cuidados com maneiras diferenciadas às vítimas e ao perpetrador com base no saber- fazer com perfil forense.

This study defended the thesis that the men who are victims of interpersonal violence and who are admitted to the Emergency Room have forensic needs. However, there are no specific caring procedures grounded on forensic nursing expertise, which would be capable of providing the Judiciary with evidence, so as to obtain proof of the events in which the victim is involved. We highlight, as the object of this study, Forensic Nursing Caring and procedures. The questions that orientated the study are as follows: who are the male victims of interpersonal violence assisted at the Emergency Room?; what are the typologies of the interpersonal violence experienced by these men? What are the procedures realized at the Emergency Room regarding the male victims of interpersonal violence? What are the possibilities of implementing Forensic Nursing in the Emergency Room? In this scenario, the following study objectives have been established: to characterize sociodemographicallythe male victims of interpersonal violence who are admitted to the Emergency Room; to identify the typology of the interpersonal violence experienced by men; to analyze the typology of Forensic Nursing procedures conducted to male victims of interpersonal violence at the Emergency Room; to discuss the implications for implementing the practice of Forensic Nursing at the Emergency Room; and to elaborate a mobile device application that allows nurses to photo-document and record forensic evidence. This is a critical dialectic study of a qualitative approach. The participants of this study were men aging from 18 to 59 years old, who were victims of interpersonal violence and admitted to the Emergency Room in the Center-South Region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, and the 20 nurses working at the research context. Data collection was conducted in 4 stages, namely: 1st Stage ­ the researcher introduced himself to the nursing staff, and afterwardsprovided the professionals with guidance regarding the objectives of the study and the established methodological path. Subsequently, the ambience/description of the research context was carried out. 2nd Stage ­ the following documents were queried: the sector's incident reporting books and the medical report cards stamped as police reports (PR), the SINAN's (National Disease Notification System) files and data from the medical services contained in the TOTVS System, pertaining to the timeline between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017. The 3rd stage comprised the observation of the medical care received by the men who were victims of violence and interviews with them. In the 4th stage, an interview with the nursing staff was conducted. The data were analyzed by means of the content of the interviews with the nurses and of the interviews with the male victims of interpersonal violence. A total of 413 medical service files was analyzed, which pointed out that 49% of the males aged 18-29. It was observed that, as for their color/race, 21.1% are white and 19.6% are black. The cases of violence occurred predominantly at weekends, having a peak occurrence on Sundays from 20:00 to 23:59. The most common place was the public highway. As for the typology of the violence, 95% of the cases were physical, out of which 62.5% had physical strength/beating as their means of perpetration. Regarding body region, in 34.1% of the cases the head and neck were hit. Concerning the attackers, 43% were male, out of whom 22.5% were known to the victims. It is noticeable that many men are regarded mostly as attackers and seldom as victims, which render them invisible as subjects who need care. As for the Forensic Nursing environment, body and staff, it was possible to identify that the ER rooms were not adequate to meet the forensic needs of the male victims of interpersonal violence, since there can be contamination, and, consequently, deterioration of the biological, morphological, entomological, chemical and physical evidence and microevidence.Regarding the nurse's body, it was identified as the Forensic Nursing caring instrument, which makes sterile gowning necessary so as to avoid contamination. It was also identified that a reduced number of nurses carries out the identification of the males' forensic needs and performs the Forensic Nursing care and caring. Thus, this scenario made perceptible the need to train the nurses to conduct quality collection and preservation of forensic evidence. It was identified that the nurse performs the Forensic Nursing care/caring to the male victims of interpersonal violence by means of 14 forensic care/caring ways, namely: forensic admission, forensic record, forensic identification, forensic electronics, forensic connection, forensic environment, forensic accommodation, forensic chain of custody, forensic dynamics, forensic social margin, forensic multifaces, forensic circadian, forensic discharge and the forensic dead body. It was identified that the nurse must adopt an integrated model of Forensic Nursing care/caring, with an understanding that the male victim of interpersonal violence has forensic needs, which makes it fundamental to direct attention to the micromolecular and macromolecular aspects.It was understood that the Forensic Nursing care is dialectical, since it entails handling the caring and care differently to the victims and to the perpetrator, based on forensic expertise.

El estudio defendió la tesis de que los hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales admitidos en el Cotidiano del Puesto de Primeros Auxilios presentan necesidades forenses, pero no hay formas específicas de atención basadas en los conocimientos de enfermería con perfil forense, capaces de ofrecer rastros al sistema judicial para que se obtengan evidencias de los hechos de la participación de la víctima. Destacamos como objeto del estudio el Cuidar y la Atención de la Enfermería Forense. Las preguntas que guiaron el estudio fueron: ¿Quiénes son los hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales tratados en la Sala de Emergencias? ¿Cuáles son las tipologías de violencia interpersonal sufridas por estos hombres? ¿Cuáles son los cuidados de Enfermería con perfil forense llevados a cabo en la sala de emergencias a los hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales? ¿Cuáles son las posibilidades de implementar la práctica de Enfermería Forense en la sala de emergencias? En vista de lo anterior, se establecieron los siguientes objetivos para el estudio: caracterizar sociodemográficamentea los hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales que son tratados en la sala de emergencias; identificar la tipología de las violencias interpersonalessufridas por los hombres; analizar la tipología de cuidados de Enfermería con perfil forense realizados en salas de emergencias para hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales; discutir las implicaciones para la implementación de la práctica de Enfermería Forense en la sala de emergencias; y diseñar una aplicación para dispositivos móviles que permita a las enfermeras documentar en fotos y registrar los rastros forenses. Se trata de un estudio dialéctico crítico con un enfoque cualitativo. Los participantes eran hombres de 18 a 59 años víctimas de violencias interpersonales, admitidos en una sala de emergencias de un hospital en la región del Centro Sur Fluminense, en el estado de Rio de Janeiro, y 20 enfermeros/as que trabajan en el escenario del estudio. La recopilación de datos se realizó en cuatro etapas: Paso 1: se realizó la presentación del investigador al equipo de enfermería, seguido de orientación a los profesionales sobre los objetivos del estudio y el curso metodológico establecido; posteriormente, se realizó la ambientación/descripción del escenario de estudio. Paso 2: se realizó la consulta a los libros de ocurrencia del sector y el boletínmédico con el sello de ocurrencias policiales (OP), los formularios del Sistema de Información de Agraves de Notificación (SINAN) y los datos de las asistencias contenidas en el Sistema TOTVS, refiriéndose al plazo del 1o de enero de 2015 al 31 de diciembre de 2017.El paso 3 consistió en la observación de la atención recibida por los hombres que fueron víctimas de violencias interpersonales y las entrevistas con ellos. En el Paso 4, se realizó la entrevista con el equipo de Enfermería. Los datos fueron analizados a través del contenido de entrevistas con enfermeros/as y de las entrevistas con hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales. Un total de 413 registros de atención a hombres víctimas de violencia fue analizado, de los cuales se identificó el 49% en el grupo con edad entre 18 a 29 años. En cuanto al color, el 21,1% son blancos y el 19,6%, negros. Hubo un predominio de casos de violencia en los fines de semana, siendo el domingo el día con más ocurrencias durante la noche, de 20h a 23h59min, el lugar más frecuente fue la vía pública. Con respecto a la tipología de la violencia, el 95% eran físicas y el 62,5% usaban la fuerza corporal/golpes como un medio de violencia. En cuanto a la región del cuerpo, en el 34,1% de los casos, hubo predominio de la cabeza y el cuello. Sobre los agresores, el 43% eran hombres, siendo el 22,5% de personas conocidas de las víctimas.Se observa que muchos hombres son vistos como agresores y poco como víctimas, lo que los hace invisibles como sujetos que necesitan atención. Con respecto al medio ambiente, el cuerpo y el cuidado de la Enfermería Forense, se identificó que las habitaciones de la sala de emergencias no son adecuadas para satisfacer las necesidades forenses de los hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales, ya que pueden ocurrir contaminaciones y, en consecuencia, la deterioración de los trazos biológicos, morfológicos, entomológicos, químicos, físicos y de micro trazos. En cuanto al cuerpo delprofesional de enfermería, se identificó que es el instrumento de atención en Enfermería Forense, siendo necesaria la prenda adecuada para evitar contaminación; se observó un pequeño número de enfermeros/as para identificar las necesidades forenses de los hombres y establecer la atención y el cuidado de la Enfermería Forense. Por lo tanto, era necesario capacitar a los profesionales para realizar una recolección de calidad y preservar los rastros forenses. Se identificó que el/la enfermero/a realiza el tejido de atención/cuidado de Enfermería Forense a los hombres víctimas de violencias interpersonales a través de 14 formas de atención/cuidado forense, cuales sean: admisión forense, registro forense, identificación forense, electrónica forense, conexión forense, escenario forense, acogida forense, cadena de custodia, dinámicoforense, margen socialforense, multifacéticoforense, circadianoforense, alta forense y cadáver forense. Se identificó que el/la enfermero/a necesita adoptar un modelo integrado de atención de Enfermería Forense, entendiendo que el hombre víctima de violencia interpersonal presenta necesidades forenses, siendo esencial prestar atención a los aspectos micro moleculares y macromoleculares. Se entendió que la atención de Enfermería Forense es dialéctica, ya que implica establecer el cuidar y la atención de diferentes maneras para las víctimas y los perpetradores con base en el saber-hacer con perfil forense.

L'étude a défendu la thèse selon laquelle les hommes victimes de violence interpersonnelle admis au quotidien des salles d'urgence présentent des besoins en médecine légale, mais on n'y met pas en place de méthodes spécifiques de prise en charge basées sur un savoir-faire infirmier à profil médico-légal, capable de fournir des traces au système judiciaire pour obtenir la preuve des faits avec lesquels la victime était impliquée. Nous soulignons comme objet d'étude l'acte de soigner et les soins infirmiers médico-légaux. Les questions ayant guidé l'étude étaient les suivantes: qui sont les hommes victimes de violence interpersonnelle traités dans les salles d'urgence? Quelles sont les typologies des violences interpersonnelles subies par les hommes? Quels sont les prises en charge en soins infirmiers médico-légaux fournis dans la salle d'urgence pour les hommes victimes de violence interpersonnelle? Quelles sont les possibilités d'implantation de la pratique de la médecine légale en salle d'urgence? Compte tenu de ce qui précède, les objectifs suivants ont été définis pour l'étude: caractériser sur le plan sociodémographique les hommes victimes de violences interpersonnelles traités à l'urgence; identifier la typologie des violences interpersonnelles subies par des hommes; analyser la typologie des soins infirmiers à profil médico-légal réalisés en salle d'urgence pour les hommes victimes de violence interpersonnelle; discuter les implications pour l'implantation de la pratique de soins infirmiers médico-légaux dans les salles d'urgence; concevoir une application pour appareils mobiles permettant aux infirmiers de documenter et d'enregistrer des traces médico-légales. Il s'agit d'une étude dialectique critique avec une approche qualitative. Les participants étaient des hommes âgés de 18 à 59 ans, victimes de violences interpersonnelles admis dans les urgences d'un hôpital de la région centre-sud de l'État de Rio de Janeiro, ainsi que 20 infirmières(ers) travaillant dans le contexte étudié. La collecte de données a été réalisée en quatre étapes, comme suit: Première étape - le chercheur a été présenté à l'équipe de soins infirmiers, suivi d'orientation aux professionnels concernant les objectifs de l'étude et le parcours méthodologique établi; Ensuite, on a réalisé l'ambiance/description du contexte d'étude; Deuxième étape: On a consulté les registres des événements du secteur et le bulletin de service médical contenant le cachet d'occurrence policière (OP), les formulaires du système d'information sur les maladies à notification (SINAN) et les données des soins médicaux présents dans le système TOTVS du 1er janvier 2015 au 31 décembre 2017; La troisième étape a consisté à observer les soins reçus par les hommes victimes de violences et à les interviewer. Dans la quatrième étape, on a réalisé un entretien avec l'équipe infirmière. Les données ont été analysées à travers le contenu des entretiens avec les infirmières(ers) et des entretiens avec des hommes victimes de violences interpersonnelles. Nous avons analysé la totalité de 413 dossiers d'enregistrements de soins d'hommes victimes de violence, dont 49% ont été identifiés dans un groupe âgé de 18 à 29 ans. En ce qui concerne la couleur de la peau, on a observé que 21,1% étaient des blancs et 19,6% étaient des noirs. L'occurrence de cas de violence a été prédominante pendant le week-end, le dimanche soir de 20h à 23h59 étant le jour et l'horaire de pointe. La voie publique en était l'endroit d'occurrence majeure. En ce qui concerne la typologie des violences, 95% étaient physiques. Dans 62,5% des cas, on a utilisé la force corporelle et les coups comme moyen de violence. Quant à la région du corps, la tête et le cou ont représenté 34,1% des cas. Parmi les agresseurs, 43% étaient des hommes et 22,5% étaient connus des victimes. On remarque que beaucoup d'hommes sont considérés comme des agresseurs et peu comme des victimes, ce qui les rend invisibles en tant que sujets nécessitant des soins. Par rapport à l'environnement, au corps et à la prise en charge de l'équipe de soins infirmiers légistes, on a constaté que les salles d'urgences n'étaient pas adéquates pour répondre aux besoins médico-légaux des hommes victimes de violences interpersonnelles, car il était possible d'y avoir de la contamination et, par conséquent, de la détérioration des traces biologiques, morphologiques, entomologiques, chimiques, physiques et des micro traces. Quant au corps de l'infirmière (er), on a identifié que c'était l'instrument de la prise en charge des soins infirmiers médico-légaux et qu'un habillage approprié était nécessaire pour éviter des contaminations; on a identifié un nombre réduit d'infirmières(ers) qui identifient les besoins médico-légaux des hommes et qui établissent la prise en charge des soins infirmiers médico-légaux. Ainsi, on a constaté la nécessité de formations pour que les infirmières(ers) fassent une collecte de qualité qui préserve les traces médico-légales. On a identifié que l'infirmière(er) assurait la prise en charge de soins infirmiers médico-légaux chez les hommes victimes de violences interpersonnelles à travers 14 méthodes de prise en charge de médecine légale, à savoir: admission médico-légale, enregistrement médico-légal, identification médico-légale, électronique médico-légale, connexion médico-légal, environnement médico-légal, accueil médico-légal, chaîne de traçabilité, dynamique médico-légale, marge sociale médico-légale, multifaces médico-légales, médecine légale circadienne, libération médico-légale et libération médico-légale avec le corps du décédé(e). On a identifié que l'infirmière(er) devait adopter un modèle intégré de soins infirmiers médico-légaux, sachant que les victimes masculines de violence interpersonnelle présentaient des besoins médico-légaux et qu'il était essentiel de prêter attention aux aspects micro- moléculaires et macromoléculaires. On a compris que les soins infirmiers médico- légaux sont dialectiques, car cela concerne l'établissement de l'acte de soigner et des soins à manières différenciées aux victimes et aux auteurs, basés sur un savoir-faire à profil médico-légal.

Morbidity and mortality profile of patients seen in medical emergency unit of a teaching hospital in Nigeria: A 4-year audit

Background: Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria is strategically located to serve as referral center for most stable and emergency cases in the northwestern part of Nigeria. Patients also come on self­referral. Objective: This study aimed to describe the pattern of medical presentation and outcomes at the emergency unit of ABUTH over a 4­year period. Materials and Methods: A review of medical admissions into the Emergency unit of ABUTH, Zaria, between January 2013 and December 2016 was carried out using the case records of patients as well as register of admissions and discharges, information obtained were entered into a predetermined questionnaire. Results: The patients admitted during the period numbered 5193, with age rangeof 15­92 years. There were 2895 (56.0%) males and 2298 (44.0%), with a male­to­female ratio of 1.3:1. Emergencies attributable to infectious diseases occurred with the highest frequency (20.6%), followed by gastrointestinal (20.5%), renal (14.5%), endocrine (13.8%),respiratory (12.4%),cardiac (9%), neurological (2.8%), and hematological (1.1%). There was a significantly (P < 0.001) higher occurrence of noncommunicable diseases (71.5%) than communicable diseases (28.5%), as well as higher male cases in renal, respiratory,hematological emergencies (P < 0.05). There were more admissions in the wet season, (April to September) while the October to January period consistently recorded the low admission rates. An increasing trend in emergency medical admissions was observed, being highest in the year 2016. The median duration of stay was 4.5 days (range of 0­12 days). The outcomes of admission revealed 470 (9%) deaths, 2012 (37%) direct discharges, and 2801 (54%) transfers to male or female medical wards. Cases of tetanus had the highest case fatality rate (45%) while hypertensive emergencies had the lowest (4%). Conclusion: There is a rising trend ofcommunicable as opposed to non-communicable diseases' emergencies in Zaria. Of the non-communicable diseases, incidence of gastro-intestinal emergencies was the highest while that of haematology was the least. The intra-hospital mortality rate attributable to medical emergencies is relatively lower in Zaria

Demanda asistencial del Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Distrital de Hernandarias, Alto Paraná, Paraguay. Año 2015 / Assistance request from the Emergency Department of the District Hospital of Hernandarias, Alto Paraná, Paraguay. Year 2015

Una urgencia puede definirse como "una situación clínica que precisa de una atención sanitaria inmediata". Actualmente se observa un aumento desmedido en la utilización de los servicios de urgencias, lo cual afecta a la calidad de la atención y los costes, ya que se ha estimado que el coste de una enfermedad no urgente atendida en el Servicio de Urgencia hospitalario es entre 2,5 y 3 veces mayor que si la misma fuera atendida en una consulta. El objetivo es describir la demanda asistencial del Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Distrital de Hernandarias (HDH) del año 2015. El estudio fue descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, realizado en el HDH, desde 01 de enero al 31 de diciembre del 2015. La fuente de datos, fueron los registros del Departamento de Estadística del HDH, siendo excluidas las consultas extramurales, externas y los casos pediátricos. De acuerdo a la prioridad de atención fueron clasificadas en emergencias, urgencias y consulta normal y los motivos de consulta fueron clasificados por causa médica, quirúrgica y traumas. Fue garantizada la confidencialidad de los pacientes. Durante el 2015 fueron atendidos 95.099 casos, 23.967 registrados como urgencias de adultos. El 70 % (15.815) fueron mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 41 años. El 95% (22.160) de los pacientes provino de la ciudad de Hernandarias. Los meses con mayor demanda fueron agosto 12% (2930), julio (2701) y setiembre (2540) 11%, enero presento 2% (484). Los días de mayor afluencia fueron los miércoles (17%) y martes (16%). El motivo de consulta fueron Urgencias 71%, 9% Emergencias 9% y Consultas 20%. Los motivos de consultas fueron debidas a casos médicos (85%), traumas 9% y por causas quirúrgicas 6%. El 69% (16.638) fueron internados. Se debe realizar una correcta utilización de los servicios de urgencias para optimizar el servicio.

An urgency can be defined as "a clinical situation that needs immediate health care." There is currently an excessive increase in the use of Emergency Services, which affects the quality of care and costs, since it has been estimated that the cost of a non-urgent case taken care of in the Hospital Emergency Service is between 2.5 and 3 times greater than if the same case was taken care of in a consultation. The objective of this research is to describe the demand of the Emergency Department of the District Hospital of Hernandarias (HDH) of 2015. This study was descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective, performed in the HDH, from january the 1st to december 31st, 2015. The data source was the records of the HDH Department of Statistics, excluding external consultations and pediatric cases. According to the priority of attention they were classified in emergencies, urgencies and normal consultation. The reasons for consultation were medical, surgical and trauma. Confidentiality of patients was guaranteed. During 2015, 95,099 cases were treated, 23,967 were registered as adult emergencies. 70% (15,815) were male. The average age was 41 years old. 95% (22,160) of the patients came from the city of Hernandarias. The months with the highest demand were August with 12% (2930), July (2701) and September (2540) 11%. January presented 2% of the cases (484). The days of greater affluence were wednesday (17%) and tuesday (16%). The reasons for consultation were 71% urgencies, 9% emergencies 9% and 20% consultations. The motives were due to medical cases (85%), trauma 9% and surgery cases in a 6%. 69% (16,638) were hospitalized. There must be a correct use of Emergencies Services in order to optimize it.

Do triple test results predict risk for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?

Objective: Neonatal jaundice is the most common condition that requires hospital admission and outpatient follow-up after discharge in neonates

The values of more than 17 mg/dL in term infants are accepted as neonatal significant hyperbilirubinemia. We aimed to define if there is any relationship between second trimester serum markers and neonatal severe hyperbilirubinemia to protect the neonates from its neurological damage

Methods: Total 1372 pregnant women were enrolled who had done triple test between April 2014 and 2015 and then given birth at our hospital. Our primary outcome was neonatal significant hyperbilirubinemia

Results: The mean age of our study population was 27.9+/-5.6. A total of 59 patients had babies with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia after exclusion of Rh incompatibility. We detected that the presence of in vitro pregnancy, maternal health problems or poor obstetric history had no effect on the risk for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was related with low E[3] levels. The ratios of AFP/E[3] and hCG/E[3]were the most helpful to predict the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Conclusions: According to our results, low E3 levels in the triple test result can be helpful to predict the development of the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. However, this is a bit expensive and many developing countries may not afford it

Does hospital admission provide an opportunity for improving pharmacotherapy among elderly inpatients?

ABSTRACT The purpose of the work was to assess the incidence of potential drug interactions (pDDI), major pDDI, and the use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) at hospital admission, during hospitalization, and at discharge to evaluate whether hospital admission provides an opportunity for improving pharmacotherapy in elderly patients at a University hospital that has a clinical pharmacist. A prospective cohort study was carried out using data from the medical records of patients admitted to an internal medicine ward. All admissions and prescriptions were monitored between March and August 2006. Micromedex(r) DrugReax(r) and Beers Criteria 2015 were used to identify pDDI, major pDDI, and PIMs, respectively. A comparison of admission and discharge prescriptions showed the following: an increase in the proportion of patients using antithrombotic agents (76 versus 144; p<0.001), lipid modifying agents (58 versus 81; p=0.024), drugs for acid-related disorders (99 versus 152; p<0.001), and particularly omeprazole (61 versus 87; p=0.015); a decrease in the number of patients prescribed psycholeptics (73 versus 32; p<0.001) and diazepam (54 versus 13; p<0.001); and a decrease in the proportion of patients exposed to polypharmacy (16.1% versus 10.1%; p=0.025), at least one pDDI (44.5% versus 32.8%; p=0.002), major pDDI (19.9% versus 12.2%; p=0.010) or PIM (85.8% versus 51.9%; p<0.001). The conclusion is that admission to a hospital ward that has a clinical pharmacist was associated with a reduction in the number of patients exposed to polypharmacy, pDDI, major pDDI, and the use of PIMs among elderly inpatients.

Informatização da admissão e internação hospitalar e, seguimento ambulatorial de pacientes traumatizados / Computerization of admission and hospitalization and outpatient follow-up of patients traumatized / Informatización de admisión y hospitalización y seguimiento ambulatorio de pacientes traumatizados

Os atendimentos em situação de urgência e emergência abrangem grande parcela das ocorrências médicas no mundo. Dentro de uma unidade de emergência o cenário se torna cada vez mais delicado e conforme o nível de complexidade de cada atendimento aumenta as taxas de erros são maiores. Para um atendimento seguro e de qualidade, a consistência das informações relacionadas ao atendimento e a facilidade de acesso a elas são fundamentais. OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um sistema web para a informatização da admissão e internação hospitalar, e seguimento ambulatorial de pacientes vítimas de trauma na Unidade de Emergência do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. MÉTODO: Realizado em fases: Levantamento de requisitos através de reuniões e visitas aos diversos setores hospitalares, desenvolvimento do sistema em versões funcionais, e aplicação de testes "in loco". RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: O protótipo foi testado por residentes da UE­HC/FMRP considerando usabilidade e fluxo dos dados durante os atendimentos e obtivemos resultados significantes e idéias para a melhoria da plataforma em estudos futuros.

The calls for urgent and emergency situation cover large portion of medical occurrences in the world. Within an emergency unit the scenario becomes increasingly delicate and as the level of complexity of each service increases error rates are higher. For a safe and quality service, the consistency of the information related to compliance and ease of access to them are key. OBJECTIVE: Develop a web system for the computerization of admission and hospitalization, and outpatient follow-up trauma patients at the Emergency Unit of the Hospital of Ribeirão Preto Medical School Clinical, University of Sao Paulo. METHOD: Conducted in phases: Requirements elicitation through meetings and visits to the various hospital departments, development of the system in functional versions, and application testing "in loco". RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The prototype was tested by residents of EU-HC / FMRP considering usability and flow of data during the calls and obtained significant results and ideas to improve the platform in future studies.

Characteristics and outcomes of acute kidney injury resulting in hospital admission in patients with solid tumor: experience of a single center

Aim: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of acute kidney injury [AKI] resulting in hospital admission in cancer patients managed at a comprehensive cancer center

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted between December 2011 and July 2012. Patients admitted to the solid tumor service were screened to identify those who met the criteria of AKI upon admission. The identified cases were reviewed by two clinicians to determine the cause of AKI and to determine if AKI was the major cause for admission. Patient demographics, past medical and medication history were recorded. In addition, we evaluated patients for resolution of AKI

Results: During the study period, 103 cases were identified, 57.3% were males, mean age was 64 years +/- 11.2 [SD], 24 patients [23.3%] have diabetes, and 55 patients [53.4%] have hypertension. The most common causes of AKI were dehydration, medications, and tumor-related, reported in 40 [38.8%], 34 [33%], and 23 [22.3%] of these cases respectively. The most common medications associated with AKI were chemotherapy [n=13, 42%], mainly cisplatin [76.9%], followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [n=12, 38.7%]. Eleven patients [10.7%] progressed to chronic renal failure and three patients required hemodialysis. In the remaining cases, AKI resolved after a mean of 6.39 days +/- 3.73[SD]. Transfer to the intensive care unit was required for 4 patients and death was reported in 3 patients

Conclusion: AKI in cancer patients was mostly due to dehydration, medications, and the tumor. Measures to reduce the incidence of AKI are necessary to prevent unnecessary admission and the potential for further complications

El plan de alta de enfermería y su impacto en la disminución de reingresos hospitalario / The nursing discharge plan and its impact on the reduction of hospital readmissions

En 1984 surgió el plan de alta en enfermería en Estados Unidos. Éste fue incluido dentro del sistema Medicare con el propósito de reducir los costos del sistema de salud, por lo que este se extendió rápidamente a Europa y América Latina. En México existen pocos estudios sobre al plan de alta en enfermería, por lo que es necesario evaluar la trascendencia y el impacto de su aplicación. material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo en un hospital de tercer nivel. La población de estudio fueron las enfermeras con licenciatura del turno matutino. El instrumento de recolección estuvo dividido en cuatro apartados (datos generales, elaboración y contenido del plan, así como el impacto de su aplicabilidad). Resultados: Las recomendaciones del plan de alta se centran en: los medicamentos, los signos y síntomas de alarma, los cuidados en el hogar y las medidas higiénico-dietéticas con 81%. Los profesionales de enfermería lo aplican de forma oral y escrita en 79%. Más de 50% no registra esta actividad en el expediente clínico. Su aplicación contribuye con el derecho que tienen los pacientes de estar informados, además del impacto en los reingresos hospitalarios. Conclusiones: La aplicación del plan de alta en enfermería es una de las formas para fomentar la reintegración del paciente a la sociedad, ya que nos proporciona una visión completa, rápida y veraz del estado de salud del paciente.

In 1984, there is the nursing discharge plan in the U.S. and this is included in the Medicare system, in order to reduce costs in the health system, so this quickly spread to Europe and Latin America. In Mexico there are few studies on the Nursing discharge plan, so it is necessary to evaluate the significance and impact of the implementation. material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative, in a tertiary hospital. The study population consisted of nurses with bachelor’s morning shift. The survey instrument was divided into four sections (general information, preparation and content of the plan and the impact of its applicability. Results: The plan’s recommendations focus on high.

Differences of Reasons for Alert Overrides on Contraindicated Co-prescriptions by Admitting Department / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVES: To reveal differences in drug-drug interaction (DDI) alerts and the reasons for alert overrides between admitting departments. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed using longitudinal Electronic Health Record (EHR) data and information from an alert and logging system. Adult patients hospitalized in the emergency department (ED) and general ward (GW) during a 46-month period were included. For qualitative analyses, we manually reviewed all reasons for alert overrides, which were recorded as free text in the EHRs. RESULTS: Among 14,780,519 prescriptions, 51,864 had alerts for DDIs (0.35%; 1.32% in the ED and 0.23% in the GW). The alert override rate was higher in the ED (94.0%) than in the GW (57.0%) (p < 0.001). In an analysis of the study population, including ED and GW patients, 'clinically irrelevant alert' (52.0%) was the most common reason for override, followed by 'benefit assessed to be greater than the risk' (31.1%) and 'others' (17.3%). The frequency of alert overrides was highest for anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs (89%). In a sub-analysis of the population, 'clinically irrelevant alert' was the most common reason for alert overrides in the ED (69.3%), and 'benefit assessed to be greater than the risk' was the most common reason in the GW (61.4%). CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that the DDI alerts and the reasons for alert overrides differed by admitting department. Different strategies may be efficient for each admitting department.

Causas de admisión hospitalaria y factores pronósticos en pacientes con vasculitis asociadas a anticuerpos anti-citoplasma de neutrófilo / Causes of hospitalization and prognosis in with antineutrophil cytoplamic autoantibodies associated to vasculitis

Antecedentes: Existen pocos estudios descriptivos sobre las causas de internación de los pacientes con vasculitis asociadas a ANCA (VAA), todos son retrospectivos y realizados en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Objetivo: Investigar la epidemiología, los hallazgos clínicos y la evolución de los pacientes con VAA durante su internación, e identificar los factores pronósticos asociados a mortalidad. Materiales y métodos: Se incluyeron los pacientes con diagnóstico de VAA internados en el Hospital Juan A. Fernández y la Clínica San Camilo (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina), entre el 1 de enero de 2011 y el 31 de diciembre de 2013. Resultados: Treinta y cuatro pacientes fueron incluidos, 18 (53%) de sexo femenino. Edad media de 60 ± 12 años. En 9 (26%) pacientes el diagnóstico de VAA se realizó en la internación. La Poliangeítis Microscópica (MPA) fue la vasculitis más común (50%). Dieciocho (53%) pacientes se internaron por actividad clínica de la vasculitis. Órganos/sistemas afectados: pulmón (n=9), riñón (n=6), otorrinolaringológicas (n=5), sistema nervioso periférico (n=5) y piel (n=2). Ocho (23,5%) pacientes fueron admitidos por complicaciones infecciosas y ocho por otras causas. Fallecieron 8 (23,5%) pacientes, 3 debido a actividad de la vasculitis, 4 debido a complicaciones infecciosas y 1 por falla multiorgánica (2º infusión pamidronato). Los que ingresaron a UCI tuvieron mayor mortalidad (p=0,001); el sexo (p=0,69), la edad (p=0,15), el diagnóstico “de novo” de vasculitis (p=0,4), el BVAS y VDI no mostraron diferencias entre los sobrevivientes y fallecidos. La mortalidad de los pacientes que ingresaron por actividad de la vasculitis comparado con los que ingresaron por complicaciones infecciosas fue similar (p=0,6). Conclusiones: La causa más frecuente de internación en pacientes con VAA fue la actividad de la enfermedad, seguida por las causas infecciosas.

Background: Few retrospective studies have described the clinical course of patients with ANCA-asocciated vasculitis (AAV) admitted to the hospital, all of them in intensive care units (ICU).Objective: To study the epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of patients with AAV admitted to the hospital, and to identify the prognostic factors associated with mortality.Methods: Patients with AAV admitted to the Juan A. Fernández Hos-pital and San Camilo Clinic (Buenos Aires City, Argentina) betweenJanuary 2011 and December 2013 were included. Results: Thirty four patients [18 (53%) female] with an average 60 ±12 years old were included. AAV was diagnosed in 9 (26%) patientsin the hospital. Microscopic Polyangiitis was the most common AAV. Eighteen (53%) patients were admitted due to active vasculitis. Lung(n=9), kidney (n=6), ear-nose-throat (n=5), peripheral nervous system (n=5) and skin (n=2) were the organs/systems involved. Other reasons for admission were: infection and metabolic conditions [8(23.5%) patients each]. Eight (23.5%) patients died, 3 due to active vasculitis, 4 due to infection and 1 patient due to multiorgan failure after pamidronate treatment. Mortality was significantly higher for patients who were admitted in ICU (p=0.001); gender (p=0.69), age(p=0.15), new diagnosis of AAV (p=0.4), BVAS and VDI showed no significant differences between survival and dead patients. The mortality was similar (p=0.6) between the patients with active vasculitis and the patients with infections. Conclusion: The main reason for hospitalization in AAV patients was active vasculitis followed by infection. Mortality rate was high and the main causes were infections regardless the diagnosis at admission.

Clinical Significance of National Patients Sample Analysis: Factors Affecting Mortality and Length of Stay of Organophosphate and Carbamate Poisoned Patients / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study considered whether there could be a change of mortality and length of stay as a result of inter-hospital transfer, clinical department, and size of hospital for patients with organophosphates and carbamates poisoning via National Patients Sample data of the year 2009, which was obtained from Health Insurance Review and Assessment Services (HIRA). The utility and representativeness of the HIRA data as the source of prognosis analysis in poisoned patients were also evaluated. METHODS: Organophosphate and carbamate poisoned patients' mortality and length of stay were analyzed in relation to the initial and final treating hospitals and departments, as well as the presence of inter-hospital transfers. RESULTS: Among a total of 146 cases, there were 17 mortality cases, and the mean age was 56.8 +/- 19.2 years. The median length of stay was 6 days. There was no inter-hospital or inter-departmental difference in length of stay. However, it significantly increased when inter-hospital transfer occurred (transferred 11 days vs. non-transferred 6 days; p = 0.037). Overall mortality rate was 11.6%. The mortality rate significantly increased when inter-hospital transfer occurred (transferred 23.5% vs. non-transferred 7.0%; p = 0.047), but there was no statistical difference in mortality on inter-hospital and inter-department comparison at the initial treating facility. However, at the final treating facility, there was a significant difference between tertiary and general hospitals (5.1% for tertiary hospitals and 17.3% for general hospitals; p = 0.024), although there was no significant inter-departmental difference. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that hospital, clinical department, length of stay, and mortality could be analyzed using insurance claim data of a specific disease group. Our results also indicated that length of stay and mortality according to inter-hospital transfer could be analyzed, which was previously unknown.

Indicadores de calidad en el servicio de urgencias. Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC, Colombia / Quality indicators of the emergency departament at. Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC, Colombia

Evaluar los indicadores de calidad (oportunidad en la atención del triage de la consulta de urgencias y de pacientes resueltos antes de seis horas) en el servicio de urgencias del Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC, período julio de 2012. Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal retrospectivo, aleatorio de los registros de las historias clínicas. Muestra n de 372 historias clínicas de un total de 3.061 pacientes que asistieron al servicio de urgencias. Resultados: la oportunidad del triage reportó dos valores: uno de 43,7 minutos a partir del registro de ingreso por el personal de seguridad de urgencias y otro de 19,4 minutos cuando fue anotado por la auxiliar de triage. El 82,9% de la muestra reportó tiempo de oportunidad de triage 2 menor de 30 minutos. El 86,5% informó atención en la consulta menor de 60 minutos. El porcentaje de pacientes resueltos o definidos en las primeras seis horas fue 71,1%, con un tiempo promedio de resolución de 4.9 horas. Conclusiones: se determinó que un número significativo de pacientes tuvo tiempos prolongados para la oportunidad de triage y de la consulta; los casos no resueltos en las primeras seis horas correspondieron a 28%, lo que en términos generales contribuye a mayor congestión del servicio...

To evaluate quality indicators (waiting time to triage, waiting time to initial assessment by doctor and number of patients whose situation was resolved within less than six hours) at the emergency department of Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC, during July 2012. Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective, randomized study of information registered in clinical records. Sample size (n) includes 372 clinical records of a total number of 3,061 patients who attended the emergency department. Results: Two figures were reported on time to triage: one of 43.7 minutes since registration by the emergency room security guards and the other of 19.4 minutes when registra- tion was performed by the triage assistant; 82.9% of the sample reported a time to triage 2 of less than 30 minutes; 86.5% reported being seen by the physician within less than 60 minutes. The proportion of patients seen and resolved within the first six hours was 71.1%, with a mean time to resolution of 4.9 hours. Conclusions: a significant number of patients experienced a long wait to triage and to initial assessment by doctor; the unresolved cases within the first six hours were 28%, which in general terms contribute to overcrowding of the emergency room...