Ateneo General: ¿Dale que interveníamos para que el aprendizaje se ponga en juego? / General athenaeum: ¿Do we take action to make learning come into play?

Ateneo del equipo de la Residencia de Psicopedagogía con sede en el Hospital Carlos G. Durand, de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, donde se reflexiona sobre las intervenciones clínicas en niños y púberes en escolaridad primaria. Se realiza un recorrido teórico sobre conceptos como intervención, niño, sujeto, o juego; y se analiza la relación entre juego y aprendizaje, presentando distintos casos clínicos que reflejan estas intervenciones

Cobertura de programas preventivos en Chile / Coverage with preventive programs in Chile

Introducción: Los Programas de Medicina Preventiva para que tengan un impacto en el nivel de salud deben tener una alta cobertura poblacional. Objetivo: Estudiar la cobertura de los programas preventivos que se realizaron en el Sistema de Salud Público Chileno el año 2007. Material y Métodos: Se revisó la cobertura de los programas preventivos en las bases de datos del Departamento de Estadísticas e Información en Salud del Ministerio de Salud de Chile del año 2007. Resultados: La cobertura global de los programas preventivos medido a través del Índice de Medicina Preventiva fue de0.202. El programa de salud dirigido a los < de 6 años (infantil) fue el que registró una mayor cobertura (0.84), un nivel de cobertura intermedio se observó en los programas de la mujer (0.34) y del adulto mayor (0.29), por su parte los programas dirigidos a la población escolar, adolescente y adulto fueron los que presentaron menores coberturas (<0.1). Discusión: La alta cobertura observada en el programa preventivo dirigido a la población infantil, ha sido un factor que ha favorecido la mejoría en el nivel de salud de este grupo poblacional, particularmente ha contribuido a reducirla mortalidad infantil en Chile. El país debe crear estrategias que permitan incrementar la cobertura en programas preventivos dirigidos a la población escolar, adolescente y adulta, solo de esta forma podrá seguir avanzando en la senda de mejorar el nivel de salud poblacional.

Introduction: In order to have an impact on the level of health, Preventive Medicine Programs should have high population coverage. Objective: To study the coverage of preventive programs which were conducted in the Chilean Public Health System in 2007. Material and Methods: The coverage of preventive programs in the databases of the Department of Health Statistics and Information of the Chilean Ministry of Health in the year 2007 were reviewed. Results: The overall coverage of preventive programs as measured by the index of Preventive Medicine was 0.202. The health program aimed at < 6 years (children) was the one that recorded a greatest coverage (0.84). An intermediate level of coverage was observed in the women’s program (0.34) and in that of elderly (0.29). Programs conducted for school children, teenagers, and adults presented a low coverage (<0.1). Discussion: The high coverage observed in the child health preventive program, has been a factor that has led to the improvement of the health status of this population group. Particularly, it has contributed to reduce the infant mortality in Chile. The country must create strategies to increase the coverage of preventive programs aimed at schoolchildren, teenagers and adults. Only in this way we can go on improving the level of population health.

Prevençäo da cegueira nas escolas rurais da regiäo de Santa Bárbara D'Oeste - SP / Blindness prevention

Os autores realizaram "screening" de problemas visando a prevençäo de perdas visuais em nove escolas rurais do 1§ grau (1ª à 4ª série) , na regiäo de Santa Bárbara D'Oeste - SP. Os escolares foram avaliados, em primeira instância, aqueles que apresentaram anormalidades, refratometria, ceratometria e tonometria, além de repetir os exames anteriormente realizados. Foram avaliados 295 escolares nas próprias escolas e reavaliados 66 escolares com instrumental especializado. Foram detectados casos de ambliopia, catarata, vícios de refraçäo, patologias agudas externas, patologias retinianas e outras

Projeto de oftalmologia sanitária escolar no município de Säo Romäo - Minas Gerais / School sanitary ophthalmolgy project in the city of Säo Romäo - Minas Gerais

Descrevemos o Projeto Säo Romäo, um trabalho de oftalmologia preventiva, realizado no município de Säo Romäo, no período de março a outubro de 1993, atendendo a crianças e adolescentes escolares de 5 a 17 anos. Foi feita uma triagem inicial da acuidade visual por uma auxiliar de saúde do município. Os escolares com algum tipo de deficiência foram posteriormente submetidos ao exame oftalmológico. O projeto nos indica a importância da oftalmologia preventiva, utilizando-se para isto de um método simples de triagem através da medida da acuidade visual, mesmo em municípios com poucos recursos com pouco recursos técnico-sociais

A Study on School Health Activities through a Fact-finding Survey in Korea

Aiming to understand the actual grass roots of school health activities in Korea, a fact-finding wurvey was carried out through mailing between 1978-1979 and the study results were summarized as follows: 76.4% of school nurses were less than 30 years old and 58.5% were single. 76.4% of nurses graduated from junior nursing colleges 74.5% and 64.8% were not well oriented in their new jobs. Therefore 59.2% of surveyed schools had small size clinics (less than 355 square feet). Physical examination for pupils were carried out by general practitioners mostly (70.0%). However, the follow-up was done by nurses satisfactorily. Supportive and positive attitudes toward school lunch were different between school principals (35.0%) and classroom teachers (84.5%) in the schools. Principals criticized school lunch program as not helpful for the growth and development of school children (71.0%) and as a waste of budget (18.2%). 52.4% of principals and 31.5% of teachers respecctively explained that school lunch should be provided for all pupils on the one hand and on the other hand 28.7% of principals and 34.3% of teachers gave an other opinion which was provision only for those pupils wanting a lunch. Advantages of school lunch : convenient to cat (42.2%), tasteful food (29.6%) were pointed out and the disadvantages : food is of poor quality (40.3%), not tasteful (32.6%) were also pointed out. In the comparative study between the school lunch demonstration school and the control school (non-school lunch demonstration school and the control school (non-school lunch), height and weight increase of school children and serum protein level were different : however, these facts were either not significant or of minimal significance. In short, the path towards obtaining effective and desirable health services in Korea, of which the school lunch program is only part, is long and arduous and it will require patience and effort to realize this goal.