Construção e avaliação de um protótipo de software aplicativo de telefonia móvel para acessibilidade nas solicitações de socorro pré-hospitalar / Construction and evaluation of a mobile phone application software prototype for accessibility in pre-hospital assistance requests

Pessoas que moram sozinhas, idosos, surdos ou cegos precisam de meios adequados para se comunicarem com serviços pré-hospitalares de urgência em situações de risco. Nesse contexto este estudo propõe-se a construir e avaliar um protótipo de média fidelidade de software aplicativo de telefonia móvel para promover acessibilidade comunicativa para a convocação de socorro pré-hospitalar por pessoas surdas, cegas, idosos e ou que estejam sozinhas. Trata-se de estudo metodológico realizado no período de maio a setembro de 2020, em três etapas: 1) Revisão sistemática da literatura utilizando-se as bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, ISTA, LISA e SCOPUS para localizar estudos primários e sintetizar evidências sobre métodos de desenvolvimento de protótipos de aplicativos de saúde para telefonia móvel, que garantem melhor acessibilidade aos usuários; 2) Definição de requisitos funcionais, construção e disponibilização de protótipo de aplicativo para telefonia móvel para solicitação de atendimento pré-hospitalar e 3) Avaliação do protótipo de aplicativo por peritos por meio de checklist para avaliação heurística de aplicativos para celulares touchscreen, e pela população alvo utilizando a System Usability Scale. A análise e síntese de quatro artigos apontaram para o Design Centrado no Usuário, que foi utilizado na segunda etapa para disponibilizar o protótipo do aplicativo denominado "e-SU". Na terceira etapa participaram cinco peritos, empresários com experiência de desenvolvimento de aplicativos para telefonia móvel, com média de idade de 36,2 anos, que avaliaram o e-SU como de alta usabilidade (média de 58,75 pontos) e; 21 sujeitos da população alvo (cegos, surdos, idosos e pessoas com baixa visão, baixa audição; que vivem só; idoso, cego e surdo que mora sozinho) sendo 71,4% do sexo feminino, com idade média de 44,2 anos, e que indicaram um excelente índice de satisfação do usuário (média de 89,5 pontos).

Persons who live alone, elderly, deaf or blind persons need adequate ways to communicate with emergency pre-hospital services in situations of risk. In this context, this study proposes to build and evaluate a medium fidelity prototype of mobile phone application software to promote communicative accessibility for the call to pre-hospital assistance by deaf, blind, elderly and or those who are alone. This is a methodological study carried out from May to September 2020, in three stages: 1) Systematic literature review using the PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, ISTA, LISA and SCOPUS databases to locate primary studies and synthesize evidence on methods of developing prototypes of health applications for mobile telephony, which ensure better accessibility for users; 2) Definition of functional requirements, construction and provision of an application prototype for mobile telephony to request pre-hospital care and 3) Evaluation of the application prototype by experts through a checklist for heuristic evaluation of applications for touchscreen phones, and by the population target using the System Usability Scale. The analysis and synthesis of four articles pointed to User-Centered Design, which was used in the second stage to provide the prototype of the application called "e-SU". In the third stage, five experts participated, entrepreneurs with experience in developing mobile phone applications, with an average age of 36.2 years, who evaluated e-SU as highly usable (average of 58.75 points) and; 21 subjects of the target population (blind, deaf, elderly and people with low vision, low hearing; who live alone; elderly, blind and deaf who live alone) with 71.4% being female, with an average age of 44.2 years , and which indicated an excellent user satisfaction index (average of 89.5 points).

Clinical Analysis of Direct Medical Oversight in a Korean Metropolitan City

PURPOSE: In Korea, the EMS system is a municipal governmental fire-based system. Since 2012, an EMS medical director has been appointed in all fire stations by legislation. This study examined the direct medical oversight (DMO) clinically in a Korean metropolitan city. METHODS: This is a descriptive analysis of the fire-based centralized DMO in a metropolitan city. The current status of the ambulance crew of a fire station including certification, EMS experience, the number of requested DMO, and the statistics of DMO, and the DMO physicians of a fire department dispatch center, was studied. The ambulance run sheets of a fire station were reviewed to survey the assessment and intervention of ambulance-receiving DMO. RESULTS: Although it is increasing every year, the ratio of ambulance runs receiving DMO was 2.5–11.1% in a fire station. The fire station has 45 ambulance crew, half of which were level 1 emergency medical technicians and registered nurses. In a fire department dispatch center, most (70%) of the DMO physicians were emergency physicians. The ratio of prehospital assessment, including consciousness (100%), full vital sign (78.8–91.2%), oxygen saturation (86.5–100%), blood sugar test (31.3–94.4%), and ECG (16.7–48.5%), was higher than the ratio of prehospital intervention, including advanced airway (1.9–21.15), bag mask ventilation (3.0–63.2%), IV dextrose water (55.6%), nitroglycerin subligual (42.9%), cervical immobilization (57.7%), and wound dressing (53.85) in an ambulance run receiving DMO in a fire station. CONCLUSION: The ratio of patients transported by ambulance receiving DMO is still low in a metropolitan city. The DMO should be strengthened to improve the patient safety and quality of EMS in Korea.

Basic life support knowledge of first-year university students from Brazil

We aimed to evaluate knowledge of first aid among new undergraduates and whether it is affected by their chosen course. A questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge of how to activate the Mobile Emergency Attendance Service - MEAS (Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência; SAMU), recognize a pre-hospital emergency situation and the first aid required for cardiac arrest. The students were also asked about enrolling in a first aid course. Responses were received from 1038 of 1365 (76.04%) new undergraduates. The questionnaires were completed in a 2-week period 1 month after the beginning of classes. Of the 1038 respondents (59.5% studying biological sciences, 11.6% physical sciences, and 28.6% humanities), 58.5% knew how to activate the MEAS/SAMU (54.3% non-biological vs 61.4% biological, P=0.02), with an odds ratio (OR)=1.39 (95%CI=1.07-1.81) regardless of age, sex, origin, having a previous degree or having a relative with cardiac disease. The majority could distinguish emergency from non-emergency situations. When faced with a possible cardiac arrest, 17.7% of the students would perform chest compressions (15.5% non-biological vs 19.1% biological first-year university students, P=0.16) and 65.2% would enroll in a first aid course (51.1% non-biological vs 74.7% biological, P<0.01), with an OR=2.61 (95%CI=1.98-3.44) adjusted for the same confounders. Even though a high percentage of the students recognized emergency situations, a significant proportion did not know the MEAS/SAMU number and only a minority had sufficient basic life support skills to help with cardiac arrest. A significant proportion would not enroll in a first aid course. Biological first-year university students were more prone to enroll in a basic life support course.

Emergency Medical Services in Disasters / 한양의대학술지

Disasters, or mass casualty incidents, occurring in modern history differ from those occurring in even the recent past. In previous times, disasters were mostly the result of natural causes such as earthquakes or floods. Currently, multiple casualty incidents are often the result of human actions such as vehicular accidents involving many vehicles with multiple operators, passengers and collateral victims, terror attacks and acts of war, radiation accidents, toxic chemical releases, and pandemic infectious agent exposures. Especially, events involving accidental and intentional exposures of chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear materials, often abbreviated as CBR or CBRN events present unique challenges to the healthcare system in caring for the victims. In these mass casualty incidents, a fully comprehensive, coordinated team response involving many different components of the community healthcare system need to be mobilized to effectively meet the modern challenge of CBRN events. Necessary components of a modern emergency response include training for prompt triage, decontamination, detoxification, emergency medical treatment, as well as providing appropriate transport to the proper medical treatment facility. Meeting these challenges requires maintaining ongoing communications between agencies charged with meeting the disaster to allow acquisition of information and location for the patients, transfer the information to both the Central Medical Emergency Response Center and the designated hospital. While sharing this information was problematic in the past, modern wireless communications and information technologies provide convenient means for the rapid sharing of important patient data and current situational details. Finally, improving modern disaster response requires the development of a disaster response plan, ongoing training in implementing the plan including disaster scenario simulation, and budgeting to acquire the necessary equipment involved for the emergency response personnel to meet the presenting crisis.

Communication for Medical Advices between Prehospital Providers and Physician Medical Directors

PURPOSE: On-line medical control, in addition to indirect control like protocols, is known to exert a positive effect on the quality of prehospital care. Because the decision-making process of directing physicians depends on the information provided by prehospital providers via telecommunication, brief and organized reporting of significant points is of paramount importance. METHODS: Telecommunications regarding direct medical control provided by emergency physicians in a university hospital were recorded from May 1 to June 30, 2012. All communications were between cellular phones. Analysis of the recorded dialogues was performed by an independent researcher. RESULTS: A total of 115 cases were included for analyses. Affiliated fire offices were reported in 107 (93.0%) cases, while certification of responding officers was reported in only 62 (53.9%) cases. All five vital signs were reported in only 9 cases (7.8%), including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation. Procedures delivered before telephone contact were reported in 30.4% of cases, and reporting rate of patient response to treatment was 16.5%. Estimated times of arrival to the destined hospital were reported in only 8.7%. CONCLUSION: Reporting procedures regarding prehospital direct medical control should be concise and comprehensive, including essential elements like certification of the provider, consciousness and vital signs of the patient, and estimated time of hospital arrival.

Implementation of a Direct Medical Direction System for 119 EMS Providers and Expansion of Scope of Practices Under the Indirect Protocols-Experience in Gyunggi Province

PURPOSE: Medical direction is an integral part of proper prehospital care, which is performed by EMS providers. In Gyunggi province, a number of measures have been implemented to improve the direct medical direction system. We aimed to report on the process and results of the newly implemented medical direction system. METHODS: This is a descriptive analysis of the newly implemented medical direction system for community EMS providers from June 2014 to October 2014. Direct medical direction was requested by emergency medical technicians (EMTs) during the study period, as follows: when a destination hospital was selected, EMTs requested medical direction from the physicians at the destination hospital. During the study period specially-trained advanced EMTs were permitted to perform intravenous (IV) access for fluid or glucose infusion without direct medical direction. EMTs were asked to complete records when they requested direct medical direction and performed IV access without medical direction. These records were collected and used in the analysis. RESULTS: Of 5949 direct medical direction requests, 5527 were analyzed; 2958 (53.5%) cases were requested to the destination hospitals, 2569 (46.5%) were requested to the centralized dispatch center. 'Patient evaluation' was the most common reason for EMTs to request medical direction to the destination hospitals (1680, 54.4%) and centralized dispatch center (980, 38.1%). EMTs' degree of satisfaction did not differ significantly between destination hospitals and the centralized dispatch center (4.12+/-0.82 and 4.09+/-0.84, p=0.053). IV access rate for hypotensive patients increased 6.1% during the study period compared to the same period of 2013 (17.6% and 11.5%, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: We found that it is feasible to request direct medical direction to the destination hospitals and perform IV access for fluid or glucose infusion without direct medical direction for specially-trained advanced EMTs. Continuing efforts to establish an optimized medical direction system would be required for proper pre-hospital care.

Cómo optimizar la seguridad en el uso de medicamentos en urgencia / How to optimize the safe use urgency medicines

Medication errors are defined as any preventable event that may cause harm to the patient or lead to inappropriate medication use. There are factors that determine the occurrence of medication errors in health services, such as: insufficient knowledge of patient care load, fast speed in care, variety and complexity of the routes of drug administration, among others. There are multiple studies in Emergency Departments where increased incidence of medication errors where observed. In our Emergency Department the frequency of medication errors was established at 29.4 percent. To avoid these errors, prevention strategies were generated depending on the type of error. As specific strategies in our emergency department we have assured the presence of a clinical pharmacist in the health team, local protocols for indications have been created and ongoing training of health personnel has been mandatory. The objective of these measures is to ensure quality and safety of patient care. We recognize that errors will occur due to the type of care we provide, and therefore we should implement measures at hand to reduce them...

GOARN regional training held on outbreak response

The Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of WHO [EMRO/WHO] in collaboration with WHO headquarters and Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network [GOARN] partners, organized a pre-deployment training on outbreak alert and response at the Dead Sea Resort, Jordan from 25 to 31 March 2014. This was the first time such a training was organized in the region. A total of 24 participants, selected mostly from health institutions and the ministries of health of the Eastern Mediterranean Region attended this training

A geographic information system-based analysis of ambulance station coverage area in Samsun, Turkey

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>The location of ambulance stations are of great importance, as location is a determining factor of whether ambulances are able to respond to emergency calls within the critical period. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the ambulance stations in the provincial centre of Samsun, Turkey, were able to cover their entire operational area within 10 mins of receiving an emergency call.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study was based on emergency calls received by the emergency medical services of the study area. Detailed address data from the calls was used to produce thematic maps using the geographic information system (GIS). Buffer analysis was used to determine the adequacy of the stations' locations in relation to the time taken to respond to the emergency calls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the study area, there were a total of 11,506 emergency ambulance calls made in 2009, which revealed a call density of 0.7 calls per ha and 23.8 calls per 1,000 population. A total of 75.8% of the calls were made due to medical reasons, while 11.6% were related to traffic accidents. The GIS-based investigation revealed that the 10-min coverage areas for the four ambulance stations in the provincial centre of Samsun served 76.9% of the area and 97.9% of its population. Of the 10,380 calls for which detailed address data were available, 99.2% were within the stations' 10-min coverage areas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>According to the buffer analysis, the ambulance stations in the provincial centre of Samsun are able to reach 97.9% of the population within the critical 10-min response time. This study demonstrates that GIS is an indispensable tool for processing and analysing spatial data, which can in turn aid decision-making in the field of geographical epidemiology and public health.</p>

Design and realization of the communication system for the mobile medical terminal / 中国医疗器械杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Realizing wireless communication based on handset devices for medical staff; providing an instant messaging method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Constructing a set of communication protocols and standards; developing software both on server and client.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Building an instant messaging system which follows the customized specification; based on Android the client provides functions like address book, message, voice service etc.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As an independent module of the mobile medical terminal, the system can provide convenient communication for medical service with other mobile business.</p>

EWARN in Kurdistan region

A technical mission concluded recently by WHO in Kurdistan region [northern Iraq] led to a consensus amongst the international partners to support establishment of EWARN system in all the camps in the region where the Syrian refugees are currently displaced

O processo comunicativo no serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência (SAMU-192) / Proceso de comunicación en el servicio de emergencia móvil (SAMU/192) / Communicative process in the mobile emergency service (SAMU/192)

Este trabalho objetiva caracterizar o processo comunicativo entre os auxiliares de enfermagem das viaturas de Suporte Básico de Vida do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, a coordenação deste serviço e a Central Única de Regulação Médica de um município do Estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-qualitativa que utilizou a análise temática de conteúdo para a análise dos dados. Usou-se entrevista semi-estruturada para a coleta de dados que foi realizada em janeiro de 2010. Os resultados obtidos mostram dificuldades de comunicação tanto com a Central de Regulação Médica quanto com a coordenação. Os aspectos que mais se destacaram foram as falhas durante a transmissão via rádio, falta de capacitação dos operadores de rádio, acesso à coordenação dificultado e ausência da supervisão dos enfermeiros. No entanto, foi possível detectar soluções que visam à melhoria da comunicação e, consequentemente, do atendimento ofertado pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência.

Este estudio objetivó caracterizar la comunicación entre los auxiliares de enfermería que trabajan en los vehículos de Soporte Básico de Vida del Servicio de Emergencia Móvil, la coordinación del servicio y la Central Única de Reglamento Médico en un municipio de São Paulo, Brasil. Este estudio descriptivo-cualitativo utilizó el análisis temático de contenido para el análisis de datos. Se utilizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas para recopilar los datos que se realizaron en enero de 2010. Los resultados muestran las dificultades en la comunicación tanto con la Central de Reglamento Médico como con la coordinación. Entre los aspectos que más se destacaron están los errores durante la transmisión de radio, falta de capacitación de los peradores de radio, acceso dificultado a la coordinación y falta de supervisión de los enfermeros. Sin embargo, fue posible detectar soluciones que tienen como objetivo mejorar la comunicación y, en consecuencia, el servicio ofrecido por el Servicio de Emergencia Móvil.

This study aims to characterize the communication process among nursing assistants who work in vehicles of the Basic Life Support of the Mobile Emergency Service, in the coordination of this service, and in the Unified Medical Regulation Service in a city of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This descriptive and qualitative research used the thematic content analysis for data analysis. Semi-structured interviews were used for the data collection, which was held in January, 2010. Results show difficulties in communication with both the Medical Regulation Service and the coordination. Among the most highlighted aspects are failures during the radio transmission, lack of qualified radio operators, difficult access to the coordination and lack of supervision by nurses. However, it was possible to detect solutions that aim to improve the communication and, consequently, the service offered by the Mobile Emergency Service.

Efficacy and Necessity of the Certification Program for Emergency Medical System Directors on the Actual On-Line Medical Direction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness and necessity of an emergency medical service director program for board certified emergency physicians. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of records of direct medical advice provided by board certified emergency physicians in the Busan area from April 1, 2011 to July 11, 2011 was conducted. The medical and legal validity of the medical direction was evaluated by two independent emergency physicians with experience and certification in the field of medical control. RESULTS: Fifteen emergency physicians provided direct medical control during the study period. Five of them were certified as an emergency medical service (EMS) director by the Korean council of EMS physicians (KCEMSP), and the other 10 were not. An analysis of 992 cases of direct medical direction was performed. No differences in the diagnostic appropriateness and medical validity of medical advice were observed between the two groups. A significant difference was observed in legal validity (p=0.048). However, in multivariate analysis, experience as a certified emergency physician was a significant factor determining legal validity (p=0.02), while certification by the KCEMSP was not significant. CONCLUSION: The current EMS director certification program did not have a significant influence on the appropriateness of direct medical direction. EMS director courses and emergency medicine residency programs are in need of improvement in the legal aspect of prehospital emergency service.

Boletín estadístico SAMU: Diciembre 2011 / SAMU Statistical Bulletin: December 2011

El boletín estadístico del Sistema de Atención Móvil de Urgencia (SAMU), describe los resultados de la actividad de la Central de Regulación Médica del SAMU, durante el período comprendido entre el 26 de noviembre al 12 de diciembre del 2011, así como los mecanismos y procedimientos articulados de atención de urgencias y emergencias para promover la prevención de enfermedades y muertes evitables

Analysis of Maternal and Neonatal Transport by the 1339 Emergency Medical Information Center in Busan Area

PURPOSE: In relation to perinatal healthcare, medical institutions and resources are limitative and also are in a state of flux due to the therapeutic specialty. We analyzed requests for interhospital transfers received by Busan 1339 Emergency Medical Information Center (EMIC) to grasp the state of perinatal healthcare delivery system. METHODS: This study was conducted on the basis of data inputted into the computing system of Busan 1339 EMIC, between January 1 and December 31, 2009. In connection with 378 pregnant women and 136 newborns who were required to transfer, retrospective analyses were made of the success rate of transfer (SR), the number of contacted hospitals, the time required for transfer and the reason of transfer and refusal. RESULTS: In the case of pregnant women, the SR were 65.5%. They came in contact with 2.7 hospitals, and it took 24.4 minutes. As for the reason of transfer, preterm labor accounted for the highest proportion. In the case of newborns, the SR were 71.3%. They came in contact with 2.4 hospitals, and it took 15.6 minutes. The most common reason of transfer were respiratory symptoms. In the reason of refusal with pregnant women and newborn, the lack of medical staff, medical equipments and wards accounted for great. CONCLUSION: Many pregnant women and newborns have been transferred to hospitals by EMIC, but the SR has not been higher yet. Accordingly, there is a need to evaluate the propriety of perinatal treatment system, as well as to set up effective perinatal healthcare delivery system.

Change in Acceptance Rate of Emergency Transfer According to Personnel who Receive the Emergency Transfer Request

PURPOSE: To allocate emergency patients to appropriate hospitals, the 1339 emergency medical information center should contact personnel in individual hospitals for information about the availability of medical resources, with the contacted individuals deciding to accept or to reject the transfer request. The acceptance ratio would influence the time spent finding appropriate hospitals, and would affect the quality of emergency care. The acceptance or rejection ratio of emergency transfer request was analyzed with regard to the personnel receiving the transfer requests. METHODS: The study involved intern doctors in their emergency medicine (EM) rotation or nurses in 2007, EM doctors in 2008~2010, and doctors from the specialty departments in 2010 in one study hospital who made decisions whether to accept patients asked to be received by emergency information center. The data registered in computerized database in the emergency information center were analyzed. RESULTS: The total number of phone calls asking for emergency transfers to the study hospital from March 1 to August 31 in 2007, 2009, and 2010 was 798, 1,100, and 1,334, respectively. Accepted cases were 375(47%) in 2007, 708(64.4%) in 2009 and 801(60.0%) in 2010. CONCLUSION: The hospital staffs or members of department (e.g. Emergency department) who can take charge of the data related to pre-hospital patients should decide whether to accept the patients asked to be received into hospital or not.

Redes de conversação e coordenação de ações de saúde: estudo em um serviço móvel regional de atenção às urgências / Networks for dialogue and coordination of health activities: a study on a regional mobile emergency care service

A coordenação de redes de serviços é um dos principais desafios dos sistemas de saúde e exige uma intrincada trama de interações entre os atores envolvidos na prestação de serviços. Neste trabalho assume-se um modelo que coloca as redes de conversações como componente central da coordenação e analisam-se as redes de conversações no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) da Região Metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Em particular, busca-se analisar como as interações verbais influenciam neste processo. Utiliza-se a observação direta e a gravação de reuniões como técnicas de coleta de dados e a análise de conversação como estratégia metodológica de análise. Entre os resultados destaca-se a identificação de duas redes principais de conversações como mecanismo de coordenação de ações. Advoga-se a importância do conceito de coordenação dialógica como ferramenta para a análise e para a melhoria da coordenação em sistemas de serviços de saúde.

Coordination of health services networks is one of the main challenges for health systems and requires an intricate web of interactions between service providers. This study assumes a model that uses communications networks as a central component of coordination and analyzes such networks in the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) in Greater Metropolitan Rio de Janeiro State Area II, Brazil. The study specifically seeks to analyze how verbal interactions influence this process. The research used direct observation and taping of meetings with data collection and analysis of conversation as the methodological strategy. The findings feature the identification of two main conversation networks as the mechanism for coordinating actions. The article highlights the importance of the concept of dialogical coordination as a tool for the analysis and improvement of coordination in health services systems.

An analysis of prehospital care for victims of accidents and violence in Recife, Brazil / Análisis de la atención prehospitalaria proporcionada a las víctimas de accidentes y violencia en Recife, Brasil

Objectives This study was aimed at carrying out a situational diagnosis of the prehospital healthcare network for victims of accidents and violence in Recife, Brazil. Methods National policy for reducing accident- and violence-related morbidity and mortality was used as reference. Questionnaires were applied and half-structured interviews conducted with managers and healthworkers from thirteen prehospital fixed units and one mobile unit. Results Children, adolescents and females predominantly sought attention; there were few preventative actions, little social coverage and deficient referral, counterreferral and communication with other sectors. A lack of equipment and basic materials, insufficient multidisciplinary teams and the need for ongoing training were also observed. Notifying and recording accidents and violence also lacked precision; ensuring that these were done properly would allow track to be kept of them as well as developing a proper assessment and action plan. However, important state, city and academic initiatives towards preventing and reducing morbidity and mortality caused by accidents and violence in particular municipalities were identified. Conclusions Taking national policy for reducing accident- and violence-related morbidity and mortality as a point of reference, then it can be seen that some advances have been made in the city of Recife; however, many shortcomings can still be seen in terms of introducing such policy.

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un diagnóstico situacional de la atención prehospitalaria proporcionada por el sistema de salud de la ciudad de Recife a las víctimas de accidentes y violencia, utilizandose como referencia la Política Nacional de Reducción de la Mortalidad y la Morbilidad por Accidentes y Violencia. Métodos Se aplicaron cuestionarios y se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas con los directores y profesionales de trece unidades hospitalarias fijas y móviles de un hospital. Resultados Hubo predominio de la atención a niños, niñas y adolescentes y a las mujeres; se observó escasas acciones de prevención, insuficiente cobertura de atención al público, deficientes sistemas de referencia y contrarreferencia; ausencia de articulación extra-sectorial; falta de equipo básico y suministros; disponibilidad de equipo multiprofesional, pero, con poca calificación; registro y comunicación pobres sobre la violencia y los accidentes para su control, vigilancia y planificación de las acciones. Sin embargo, fueron identificadas importantes iniciativas provinciales, municipales y académicas dirigidas a la prevención y la reducción de la morbilidad por accidentes y violencia en la ciudad. Conclusiones Tomando como un punto de referencia la Política Nacional de Reducción de la Mortalidad y la Morbilidad por Accidentes y Violencia, algunos avances y muchos defectos pueden ser vistos en términos de la introducción de esta política en la ciudad de Recife.

[Hospitals preparedness for HEICS establishment in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences]

Using an effective management system can minimize negative effects of emergency incidents in hospitals and achieve maximum efficiency with using minimum of facilities and human resources. Hospital Emergency Incident Command System [HEICS] is one of the most reliable emergency incident command system for preparing and increasing the hospitals efficiency. The aim of this study is to identify the hospitals preparedness in order to establish HEICS in Isfahan University of medical sciences. In this qualitative research, some senior managers of Isfahan University of medical sciences and key informants in emergency incidents management were selected and surveyed by in depth interview in 2008. The data was collected by using nonrandom purposeful sampling, semi-structured interview and also snowball method, and then it was analyzed by Klizy method. The findings were classified into two general categories including barriers [internal and external] of HEICS establishment and also adopting short, mid and long term strategies. Regarding barriers in establishment of HEICS, it is recommended that the authorities take measures in different levels of health and care system to implement as soon as possible by encouraging and supporting systems

Descrição institucional do centro de informações estratégicas em vigilância em saúde / Institutional description of centro de informações estratégicas em vigilância em saúde

Este estudo, na área de Saúde Pública, insere-se na linha de pesquisa Gestão de Sistemas de Vigilância em Saúde, se propôs a descrever a estrutura e o funcionamento do Centro de Informações Estratégicas em Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS/MS) nas ações de detecção e enfrentamento das Emergências de Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional (ESPIN). Estrutura-se, a partir do questionamento sobre a adequação da estrutura organizacional, tecnológica e de recursos humanos do Centro no enfrentamento das ESPINs. Para responder a questão privilegiou-se a coleta de informações acerca da criação e estruturação do Centro nos protocolos operacionais utilizados, no instrumento de decisão disponível, nas tecnologias utilizadas, no fluxo de informação adotado, no Programa EPISUS, na Rede CIEVS e no Regulamento Sanitário Internacional (RSI/2005). A fundamentação teórica baseia-se nas abordagens de avaliação de sistemas de vigilância e detecção precoce de surtos e epidemias. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, esta pesquisa é de natureza descritiva. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o método qualitativo. A análise qualitativa fundamentase no método de análise de conteúdo e na metodologia Tracer. Enquanto a primeira foi utilizada na análise das informações obtidas sobre a criação e estruturação do Centro, os protocolos operacionais, o fluxo de informação e o instrumento de decisão, a segunda analisou dois Eventos de Relevância Nacional (ERN), selecionados como componentes traçadores, percorrendo o fluxo de informação adotado no CIEVS/MS. A partir dos resultados observados, concluiu-se que o CIEVS/MS é um Centro que está equipado com todas as tecnologias e processos operacionais necessários ao enfrentamento das ESPINs e pode ser enquadrado na categoria implantado. No entanto, a questão relativa ao vínculo empregatício dos profissionais especializados nas ações de vigilância, necessita ser enfrentada. Quanto ao uso da metodologia Tracer para avaliar a qualidade do fluxo de informação utilizado pelo CIEVS/MS, o método mostrou-se eficiente, considerando os resultados alcançados.