Organogénesis directa in vitro a partir de hojas de la planta antiplasmodial solanum nudum dunal / Direct organogenesis in vitro from leaves of solanum nudum dunal – antiplasmodial plant

Solanum nudum Dunal (Solanaceae), es una especie vegetal con potencial para desarrollar un tratamiento quimioterapéutico contra la malaria. Este es el primer reporte de un protocolo rápido, eficiente y reproducible de organogénesis directa a partir de segmentos de hoja de plántulas in vitro de esta especie.Los segmentos de hojas de plántulas de 5 meses de germinadas fueron cultivados sobre medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) a mitad de sales y vitaminas, con diferentes concentraciones de Bencilaminopurina (BAP), en combinación con Acido Indolacético (AIA). Se evaluó también el efecto de la iluminación en periodos 0/45, 15/30 y 30/15 días oscuridad/ luz, sobre la inducción de brotes. Se registró un promedio alto de formación de brotes (4,83) en explantes cultivados en medio suplementado con 2,0 mg/L de BAP y 0,1 mg/L de AIA, bajo condición de iluminación por un periodo de 30/15 días oscuridad/luz. Luego de la inducción, los brotes obtenidos fueron transferidos a medio MS suplementado con 0,3 mg/L de Giberelina (GA3), y mantenidos en condiciones de luz donde también enraizaron. Las plántulas regeneradas se llevaron a condiciones de invernadero y fueron morfológicamente similares a las plantas madres.

Solanum nudum Dunal (Solanaceae) is a plant with a potential for developing chemotherapeutic treatments against malaria. This is the first report of a fast, efficient, and reproducible direct organogenesis protocol from leave segments from in vitro seed-grown plantlets.Leaves segments from 5 months old germinated plantlets were placed on half concentration Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), supplemented with several concentrations of Bencilaminopurin (BAP) combinated with Indolacetic Acid (IAA). Dark/ light incubation effect in periods 0/45, 15/30 and 30/15 dark/light days were evaluated on the buds induction. High frequency buds formation was shown (4,83) in explants cultured on MS supplemented with BAP 2,0 mg/L and AIA 0,1 mg/L under a period of 30 days of dark condition incubation. After induction, buds obtained were transferred to MS medium supplemented with gibberellic acid (GA3) 0,3 mg/L and maintained under artificial cool light, there the plantlets rooted. Regenerated plantlets were placed under greenhouse conditions and these were morphologically similar to donor plants.

effect of a sublethal concentration of solanum nigrum on some antioxidants in biomphalaria arabica

Schistosomisis is endemic in many rural areas of developing countries. The life cycle of schistosomes is complex with two hosts, an intermediate snail host and a definitive human host. Biomphalaria arabica is the intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in Saudi Arabia. One method of controlling the disease is to break the life cycle at the intermediate host snail stage using molluscicides. Snails kill schistosomes by a mechanism involving production of reactive oxygen species. In this study malondialdehyde [MDA], and the antioxidants glutathione [GSH], catalase [CAT] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx] were determined in tissue homogenates of B. arabica treated with sublethal concentration [LC25] of the plant molluscicide Solanum nigrum. MDA, GSH and CAT were significantly increased in molluscicide-treated snails compared to controls [p<0.000]. GPx was decreased in treated snails. It therefore appears that a sublethal concentration of S.nigrum increases both ability of snail tissue to generate cytotoxic ROS and antioxidants for protection of the tissue against the cytotoxicity. The increase in the level of ROS would decrease snail- schist some compatibility