Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in Santa Inês lambs: impact on feed digestibility, blood markers, and nitrogen balance / Infecção por Trichostrongylus colubriformis em cordeiros Santa Inês: impacto na digestibilidade dos alimentos, marcadores sanguíneos e balanço de nitrogênio

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection on the hemato-biochemical parameters, feed digestibility, and nitrogen balance in Santa Inês lambs. Eighteen three-month-old Santa Ines castrated male lambs (16.9 ± 1.43 kg of body weight) were randomly distributed in two experimental treatments: infected with T. colubriformis (I, n = 9) and uninfected (U, n = 9). The I group received a total of 45,000 L3 larvae of T. colubriformis (5,000 infective larvae, three times per week, for three weeks). During the experimental period, blood, feed digestibility, and nitrogen balance were evaluated. The I lambs showed a reduction in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and total proteins, as well as an increase in platelets and eosinophils compared to those in the U group (p < 0.05). With the exception of total protein content, these values were within the normal range for the species. Furthermore, lower dry matter and organic matter digestibility were observed in the I lambs (p = 0.08). The present findings highlight that T. colubriformis infection has the potential to impair some hemato-biochemical parameters as well as feed digestibility in lambs, which could affect their productivity.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da infecção por Trichostrongylus colubriformis nos parâmetros hemato-bioquímicos, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e balanço de nitrogênio de cordeiros Santa Inês. Dezoito cordeiros Santa Inês, de três meses de idade e castrados (16,9 ± 1,43 kg de peso corporal), foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois tratamentos experimentais: infectados com T. colubriformis (I, n = 9) e não infectados (U, n = 9). O grupo I recebeu um total de 45.000 larvas L3 de T. colubriformis (5.000 larvas infectantes, três vezes por semana, durante três semanas). Durante o período experimental, foram avaliadas as variáveis sanguíneas, digestibilidade e balanço de nitrogênio. Os cordeiros I apresentaram redução de eritrócitos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, volume corpuscular médio e proteínas totais, além de aumento de plaquetas e eosinófilos, quando comparados ao grupo U (p< 0,05). Contudo, exceto para proteínas totais, os valores estavam dentro do intervalo normal para a espécie. Além disso, a digestibilidade da matéria seca e da matéria orgânica foi menor no grupo I de cordeiros (p = 0,08). Os presentes achados destacam que a infecção por T. colubriformis teve potencial para prejudicar alguns parâmetros hemato-bioquímicos, bem como a digestibilidade aparente da dieta, o que poderia afetar a produtividade dos cordeiros.

Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite in pigs

PURPOSE:To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.METHODS:Blood samples were collected 24 hours before, and two and seven days after surgery. Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.RESULTS:The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).CONCLUSION:The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.

Níveis séricos de globulinas e a intensidade da fibrose hepática em pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica / Serum globulin levels and intensity of hepatic fibrosis in patients with mansonic schistosomiasis

CONTEXTO: Tem sido descrita correlação entre os níveis séricos de globulinas e o grau de fibrose hepática nas hepatites crônicas, mas não se encontram relatos na esquistossomose mansônica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os níveis séricos de globulinas e de IgG, e a intensidade da fibrose periportal mensurada pela ultrassonografia em pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica. MÉTODOS: Entre novembro de 2006 e fevereiro de 2007, foram estudados 41 pacientes que preencheram ficha clínica e realizaram dosagens de IgG por imunoturbidimetria e de globulinas indiretamente pelo método do biureto. A ultrassonografia foi realizada por um único pesquisador, seguindo os protocolos do Cairo e de Niamey. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi 41 anos, sendo 25 pacientes (61 por cento) do sexo feminino. Dez dos 41 pacientes (24 por cento) apresentaram elevação dos níveis séricos de globulinas e 21 (51 por cento) dos de IgG. Conforme a classificação do Cairo, 21 pacientes apresentaram grau I de fibrose, 18 grau II e 2 grau III, e pela classificação de Niamey 8 apresentavam padrão C, 20 D e 13 E. Aqueles com graus II ou III de fibrose tiveram maiores níveis de IgG do que os de grau I (P = 0,047), assim como aqueles que apresentaram padrões D e E em relação ao C (P = 0,011). Não houve associação entre os níveis de globulinas e o grau ou padrão de fibrose. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica, observou-se elevação dos níveis séricos de IgG de acordo com a progressão do grau e do padrão de fibrose periportal, mas o mesmo não se observou com os níveis de globulinas.

BACKGROUND: A correlation between the levels of serum globulins and the hepatic fibrosis degree in chronic hepatitis was described, but reports in schistosomiasis mansoni have not been found. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serum globulins and IgG levels, and periportal fibrosis intensity measured by ultrasound in patients with schistosomiasis mansoni. METHODS: Between November, 2006 and February 2007, 41 patients which were eligible, filled them a questionnaire and had their levels of serum IgG measured by immunoturbidimetry and globulins indirectly measured by the Biuret method. The ultrasound was carried out by a single researcher, according to the Cairo and Niamey protocols. RESULTS: The average age was 41 years old and 25 female patients (61 percent). Ten patients (24 percent) from 41 showed serum globulins levels raised and 21 (51 percent) presented elevated IgG levels. According to the Cairo classification, 21 patients showed grade I of fibrosis, 18 grade II and 2 grade III; and by the Niamey classification 8 showed standard C, 20 D, and 13 E. Those with grade II or III of fibrosis had higher IgG levels than the ones with grade I (P = 0,047), as well as those who showed standards D and E as compared to C (P = 0,011). There was no association between the globulins levels and the intensity of fibrosis. CONCLUSION: In patients with schistosomiasis mansoni, an increase of the IgG serum levels was observed according to the progression from periportal fibrosis intensity, but the same was not founded with globulins levels.

Serum total protein, albumin and A/G ratio in different grades of protein energy malnutrition.

The serum total protein, albumin and serum A/G ratio was studied on 20 healthy children and 30 children suffering from protein energy malnutrition of different grade such as grade-I grade-II and grade-III. Serum total protein and albumin levels in grade-I grade-II and grade-III PEM were significantly lowers than control. Serum total protein between different grades of PEM was changed but not significantly. Serum A/G ratio of grade-1 & grade-II PEM were high than that of control, but not significantly. Serum A/G ratio of grade I and grade II PEM were higher than that of control, but not significantly. But in grade-III PEM this values were significantly higher than that of control. When comparison were done within the different grades of PEM, it was found that their A/G ratio were changed but not significantly.

Effect of Norplant on liver function.

Combined pills have known adverse effects on liver function. Progesterone based contraceptives are thought to be safer in this regard. The effect of Norplant, a levonorgestrel contraceptive implant, on liver function was evaluated in 149 Bangladeshi women of reproductive age in this study. Liver function tests and ultrasonography of hepato-biliary system were done before and after the implantation. The patients were followed upto two years. There were non-significant transient rise of serum bilirubin and slight enlargement of liver during the first year. There was no significant change in the levels of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin-globulin ratio and prothrombin time. The results suggest that Norplant has no adverse effect on liver function.

Evaluación inmunológica en rinitis alérgica / Immunologic evaluation of allergic rhinitis

Seleccionamos 30 pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica para analizar su inmunidad humoral y celular, utilizando biometría hemática, cuantificación de inmunoglobulinas, dosificación de los factores C3 y C4 de complemento sérico, pruebas cutáneas de lectura inmediata por escarificación con aeroalergenos del Valle de México, y valoración de inmunidad celular "in vivo" e "in vitro" como parámetros. Analizando nuestros resultados, únicamente encontramos hipergamaglobulinemia IgE, los demás parámetros estudiados estuvieron dentro de límites normales

Disfunçöes tiroidianas na gravidez / Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy

Importantes alteraçoes da funçao tiroidiana ocorrem durante o período gestacional, como as elevaçoes da globulina transportadora (TBG), do T4 e T3 totais e do T4 livre, aumento progressivo do TSH, do volume da glândula e da depuraçao de iodo pelo rim e placenta. O conhecimento destas alteraçoes é fundamental para a compreensao da fisiopatologia das disfunçoes tiroidianas, tanto na gestante como no feto. É importante salientar que algumas gestantes já se encontram previamente afetadas por disfunçao da tiróide, variando desde moderado grau de hipo ou hipertiroidismo sub-clínico, até franca tirotoxicose, ou já portadoras de nódulo na tiróide, bócio ou mesmo câncer de tiróide. Além disso, aproximadamente 5 por cento das mulheres podem também apresentar disfunçao da tiróide durante o primeiro ano após o parto. Discutem-se os aspectos fisiopatológicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticas dessa condiçoes apresentadas.

Serum proteins in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Total serum protein, serum albumin and serum globulin levels were measured to 71 Iraqi Cll patients at presentation. It was found that hypoproteinemia was present in 77.5%, hypoalbuminemia 18.3% and hypoglobulinemia in 73.2% of the cases. The frequency of patients having low serum proteins values were found to be significantly increasing as the stages of the disease advances

effects of serum and some serum components an immune complex burding to macrophages

Studies of interaction between the immune complex [IC] of DNA and anti - DNA antibody and mouse peritoneal macrophages are continued in this report with emphasis upon the effect of serum and various serum components. It was found that 10 human, mouse, and dog sera substantially inhibited the binding of IC. Guinea pig serum had much less of such an inhibitory effect. Heating at 56°C for 30 minutes removed much of the inhibitory effect of the mouse and dog sera but not of the human sera. Deaggregated IgG derived from these animals at the concentration of 1280 .micro g/ml inhibited IC binding by macrophages. The extent of the inhibition of IC by IgG varied with the source of the IgG; mouse IgG as low as 80 microg /ml had inhibitory activity, guinea pig and dog IgG was not inhibitory below 1280 microg/ml. In this assay system, the differences in the inhibition of IC binding in the presence of IgG of various species may indicate the affinity and avidity differences of Fc receptors toward the species IgG

Haemorheology in diabetes.

The rheology of blood is disturbed in diabetes due to increased viscosity of blood and decreased deformability of red blood cells. This disturbed haemorheology contributes to diabetic vasculopathy and is reversible with treatment with insulin.

Study of fibrinopeptide A, fibrin monomer and fibrin degradation products in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

The study was carried out on 20 non-insulin dependent diabetics and 10 healthy adult control subjects. The work aimed at estimation of fibrinopeptide A [FPA], fibrin monomer [FM] and fibrin degradation products [FDP] in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with and without vascular complications, in addition to euglobulin clot lysis time [EGCLT], blood sugar, serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Serum fibrinopeptide-A [FPA] level was elevated in diabetics with vascular complications, reflecting augmented thrombin activity. EGCLT showed significant prolongation in diabetics with vascular complications. Pathological levels of FDP were detected in three diabetic patients [30%] with vascular complications. The significance of these findings were then analyzed and discussed

Hiperostosis perióstica idiopática transitoria con disproteinemia, síndrome de Goldbloom / Transient idiopathic periosteal hyperostosis with dysproteinemia, Goldbloom's syndrome

Se presenta el caso de una niña de 13 años, que luego de una infección respiratoria alta aguda evolucionó con dolor intenso en las extremidades y compromiso importante de la nutrición. El estudio radiológico reveló reacción perióstica difusa, más intensa a nivel de los huesos largos. En el laboratorio destacaba anemia normocítica normocrómica discreta, eritrosedimentación elevada, plasmocitosis medular y disproteinemia, con gran aumento de las gammaglobulinas. Tanto el cuadro clínico como los hallazgos radiológicos y de laboratorio regresaron sin mediar tratamiento alguno, observándose normalización completa a los 11 meses desde el episodio agudo. El caso clínico presentado corresponde al síndrome de Goldbloom, descrito originalmente en 2 niños en 1966, existiendo sólo otros 3 casos publicados en la literatura

Infecçäo bacteriana em pacientes portadores de Leishmaniase visceral / Bacterial infection in patients with visceral leishmaniasis

Uma análise retrospectiva de 63 casos de Leishmaniose visceral (L.V.) revelou a presença, em 33 deles, de infecçäo bacteriana associada. Infecçöes do trato respiratório foram observadas em 13 (39,3%) pacientes, comprometimento de pele em 4 (12%), do trato urinário em 4 (12%), do ouvido em 3 (9%), e de orofaringe em 2 (6%). Sete (21%) pacientes apresentaram infecçäo concomitante em múltiplos sítios. Documentaçäo bacteriológica através de isolamneto do agente etiológico foi obtida em 10, näo havendo predominância estatisticamente significante de bactérias Gram positivas ou negativas. Houve 9 casos de óbito nestes 63 pacientes, sendo que em 8 deles a infecçäo bacteriana fazia parte do quadro clínico final. A análise das taxas de globulinas séricas revelou que infecçäo esteve presente de modo significativo (p < 0.05) em 15/20 (75%) dos pacientes com níveis de globulina sérica <- 4,0g%. Näo houve diferença significativa (p > 0.05) com relaçäo ao número de neutrófilos entre os grupos com e sem infecçäo bacteriana. Concluiu-se, portanto, que infecçäo bacteriana é um achado freqüente em pacientes com L.V. e se constitui num sinal de mau prognóstico da doença

Estudio de la agregación plaquetaria, la fibrinólisis y los lípidos sanguíneos en pacientes con arteriopátia diabética de los miembros inferiores / Platelet aggregation, fibrinolysis and blood lipids in patients with diabetic arterial disease of lower extremities

En la diabetes melitus se ha observado que la agregación plaquetaria se encuentra exacerbada y la fibrinólisis alterada, planteándose que esta última puede ser índice de un defecto en la defensa contra los depósitos vasculares de fibrína, que resultaria de gran importancia para la angiopatía diabética. Se propuso también una asociación entre hiperlipidemia y actividad fibrinolítica deprimida. El presente trabajo analiza el comportamiento de estos tres conjuntos o parámetros que parecen actuar de forma conjunta en la aterogénesis del diabético. Para la comparación estadística entre los grupos, se realizó un análisis de varianza de una dosificación y en los casos en que se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos, se realizó una prueba de comparación múltiple. Se obtuvieron resultados que indican que tanto la agregación plaqueatria inducida por ADP, colágeno y epinefrina, como la actividad fibrinolítica media por el tiempo de lisis de euglobulinas y los PDF, sufren variaciones significativas en varios de los grupos comparados. Además de algunos parámetros lipídicos que se encuentran también significativ amente alterados. Estos resultados implican un mejor conocimiento de las características de los diferentes tipos de pacientes diabéticos que presentan complicaciones vasculares en los miembros inferiores