Homeopatia aplicada à reprodução animal / Homeopathy applied to animal reproduction / Homeopatía aplicada a la reproducción animal

A homeopatia é um sistema terapêutico que propõe abordagem clínica e terapêutica para o tratamento do indivíduo doente, desenvolvida por Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann no final do século XVIII. No Brasil, a homeopatia foi introduzida por Benoit Mure, em 1840, tornando-se uma nova opção de tratamento. Como princípio básico tem-se a utilização de medicamentos dinamizados, ou seja, preparados a partir de substâncias animais, vegetais, minerais ou tecidos doentes. Existem duas leis que sustentam a homeopatia como parte da medicina. A primeira é a Lei dos Semelhantes - ?Similia simili buscurentur?- (os semelhantes que se curem pelos semelhantes) e, a segunda, a Lei do Vitalismo. O uso da homeopatia na reprodução se faz importante na busca de melhorias da fertilidade animal, tanto no diz respeito ao tratamento de patologias quanto na eficiência reprodutiva. Contudo, novos estudos devem ser desenvolvidos, uma vez que há divergências nos resultados encontrados na literatura.

Homeopathy is a therapeutic system proposing both clinical and therapeutic approaches to the treatment of the patient, developed by Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann in the late eighteenth century. In Brazil, homeopathy was introduced by Benoit Mure in 1840, becoming a new treatment option. The use of dynamized medication, or prepared from animal, vegetable or mineral substances, or from diseased tissue is at the core of homeopathy. There are two laws that support homeopathy as part of medicine. The first one is the Law of Similars - ?Similia simili buscurentur? - (like cures like). The second law is the Law of Vitalism. The use of homeopathy in reproduction is important in the search for improvement in animal fertility, both regarding the treatment of diseases and as in reproductive efficiency. However, further studies still need to be developed, since there are differences in the results found in literature.

La homeopatía es un sistema terapéutico que ofrece enfoque clínico y terapéutico para el tratamiento de la persona enferma, desarrollado por Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann a finales del siglo XVIII. En Brasil, la homeopatía fue introducida por Benoit Mure en 1840, convirtiéndose en una nueva opción de tratamiento. Como principio básico se ha utilizado drogas energizadas, es decir, sustancias preparadas a partir de animales, vegetales, minerales o tejidos enfermos. Hay dos leyes que apoyan la homeopatía como parte de la medicina. La primera es la ley de los semejantes - ?Similia simili buscurentur? - (los semejantes que se curen por los semejantes) y, la segunda, la Ley del Vitalismo. El uso de la homeopatía en la reproducción llega a ser importante en la búsqueda de la mejora de la fertilidad de los animales, tanto en lo que respecta al tratamiento de patologías como la eficiencia reproductiva. Sin embargo, nuevos estudios deben ser desarrollados, ya que hay divergencias en los resultados encontrados en la literatura.

Effects of human chorionic gonadotropin on the normal testicular tissue of rats

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the testicular tissue of young male rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were assigned to groups (10 rats/group).Control Group received subcutaneous saline solution; Group 1 received hCG 50UI/Kg/dose; and Group 2 received hCG 100UI/Kg/dose, daily for 15 days. Half was submitted to bilateral orchiectomy on the 16th day and the other half 45 days after the beginning of the hormone application. Testicles were weighed, measured and has their volumes determined. The diameter of the tubules and the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium were measured. RESULTS: Control Group presented the highest values of testicles volume and weight. Rats in the Control presented normal histology. In G1 and G2 atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, apoptosis of germ cells and multinucleated giant cells were observed. Comparing groups, in the first operation Control rats had higher diameter values. In the second operation, the Control was only different from G1. As for thickness, Control had higher values in both operations. Comparing the time of operation, the diameter values were higher in G1 and G2 in the second operation. For all groups, the thickness of the epithelium was higher in the second operation. CONCLUSIONS: Human chorionic gonadotropin is gonadotoxic in rats. This effect was temporary and can affect reproductive potential. The total recovery of testicular damage in the studied range could not be proved, and the effects were not dose-dependent. .

Experiencia piloto con el uso extendido de un anticonceptivo oral combinado de baja dosis de estrógeno / Extended use of an oral combined contraceptive pill with low estrogen dose: pilot experience

Objetivo: Evaluar en una experiencia piloto la aceptabilidad y bienestar de la usuaria, después de un periodo de 12 meses de un anticonceptivo hormonal combinado oral de baja dosis estrogénica, con modalidad de uso extendido de 84 píldoras activas consecutivas, seguidas de 7 días de placebo. Método: Se incorporan 25 mujeres voluntarias que usan una combinación de 20 ug de etinilestradiol + 3 mg de drospirenona, con un tiempo de uso de 12 meses. En calendario de registro diario se consignan los días de sangrado o goteo genital así como todo tipo de fármaco ingerido. Al término de los 12 meses se efectúa una encuesta respecto al grado de satisfacción con la posología recibida. Resultados: 13 usuarias (52 por ciento) cumplen los 12 meses de uso. Todas ellas manifiestan un alto grado de conformidad, destacando las ventajas de presentar periodos menstruales ocasionales, mejoría marcada en la sintomatología compatible con el síndrome de tensión premenstrual con el consiguiente incremento del bienestar general. Siete usuarias (28 por ciento) no terminan el estudio por razones médicas, siendo 6 de estas por alteraciones de los flujos rojos y en 5 casos (20 por ciento) se producen retiros no médicos. Conclusión: Esta experiencia, que es la primera con la formulación descrita, confirma en un porcentaje de usuarias las bondades adicionales reportadas en las experiencias previas con otros productos similares, respecto al uso extendido de anticoncepción hormonal oral en un grupo de mujeres que deseaban espaciar sus periodos menstruales.

Objetives: A pilot study designed in order to know about the acceptability of an oral combined contraceptive pill, with low estrogen dose used in an extended way of 84 consecutive days, followed by 7 days of no pills ingestion during a scheduled follow up of 1 year. Methods: 25 volunteers women were recruited among those which wants to use oral combined contraceptive pills and who accepted this extended way of use. Combined contraceptive pills contains each 20 ug of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drosperinone. At admission women were provided with menstrual diary cards in order to check all bleeding days plus any extra pharmaceutical compound received. At the end of the 12 months follow up an interview was done in order to know women experiences and acceptability of this extended way of use. Results: 52 percent of women end the study at the scheduled 12 months use. All of them feel that the main advantages of these extended way of use were to have few menstrual periods and improving premenstrual symtomatology with better quality of life. 7 women (28 percent) did not finish the study because of medical reasons being due in 6 of these for bleeding disturbances. Conclusions: This report is pioneer with the use this hormone combination in this extended type way of use. Results confirm previous positive reports experiences using another similar hormonal compounds with this extended way of use in women who want to reduce the interval of their menstrual periods.