Biomechanical evaluation of the sheep mandible as a model for studying fixation methods / Evaluación biomecánica de la mandíbula de oveja como modelo para estudiar los métodos de fijación

Recently, there has been increased interest in the use of natural jaws for better results in bone fixation studies. Thus, the sheep mandible has been chosen for such studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the length and resistance of the sheep mandible when submitted to a compression test with freedom in the three axes of space. Seventy fresh sheep (Ovis aries) mandibles were used in this study. Initially, the soft tissues were removed, and measurements of the mandible size were performed. Fifty mandibles were selected for mechanical testing based on the mean values from this assessment. The mandibles were joined by fixation in the symphyseal region and were tridimensionally deformed. A metallic support suitable for study of the mandible under efforts with freedom in the three axes in space was used. For this test, three displacement cycles were applied. Based on the mean stiffness, 35 mandibles were selected. The mean value of the sheep mandible mensuration was 13.6 cm ± 0.53 cm. The mean value of the sheep mandible stiffness was 153.5N ± 54.0 N. These data are useful for future studies on fixation systems for fractures and orthognathic surgery.

Recientemente, ha aumentado el interés en el uso de mandíbulas naturales para obtener mejores resultados en estudios de fijación ósea. Por lo tanto, la mandíbula de las ovejas se ha elegido para tales estudios. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la longitud y la resistencia de la mandíbula de oveja al ser sometida a una prueba de compresión con libertad en los tres ejes del espacio. Se utilizaron 70 mandíbulas de oveja fresca (Ovis aries). Inicialmente, se extirparon los tejidos blandos y se realizaron mediciones del tamaño de la mandíbula. Cincuenta mandíbulas fueron seleccionadas para pruebas mecánicas basadas en los valores promedio de esta evaluación. Las mandíbulas se unieron por fijación en la región sinfisial y se deformaron tridimensionalmente. Se utilizó un soporte metálico adecuado para el estudio de la mandíbula bajo esfuerzos con libertad en los tres ejes en el espacio. Para esta prueba, se aplicaron tres ciclos de desplazamiento. En base a la rigidez media, se seleccionaron 35 mandíbulas. El valor medio de la medición de la mandíbula de oveja fue de 13,6 cm ± 0,53 cm. El valor medio de la rigidez de la mandíbula de oveja fue 153,5 N ± 54,0 N. Estos datos son útiles para futuros estudios sobre sistemas de fijación para fracturas y cirugía ortognática.

Tratamento da fratura de mandíbula atrófica associada reabilitação com implantes dentários – relato de caso / Treatment of atrophic mandible fracture combined to rehabilitation with dental implants – case report

O aumento da população idosa e o incremento da procura por tratamentos reabilitadores faz com que os profissionais dedicados a esta arte se depararem com a necessidade de reabilitação de mandíbulas atróficas e com o risco de sua fratura. A proposta deste trabalho foi apresentar o relato de um caso de tratamento de fratura de mandíbula atrófica. O caso foi tratado sob anestesia geral, com instalação de placa de fixação mandibular concomitante a instalação de 4 implantes cone morse para futura confecção de protocolo com desenho all on four. A técnica proporcionou adequada resolução para a fratura e proporcionou segurança para a futura reabilitação implantossuportada.

The increasing elderly population and increasing demand for rehabilitation treatments make professionals dedicated to this art faced with the need for rehabilitation of atrophic jaws and the risk of fracture. The purpose of this study was to present the case report of the treatment of atrophic mandible fractures. The patient was treated under general anesthesia, with installation of the mounting plate concomitant mandibular installing 4 morse taper implants for future preparation of protocol design on all four. The technique provided adequate resolution for fracture and provided security for the future rehabilitation implant.

Optimization in treatment modality for mandibular fracture

This study aims to provide analysis of mandibular fracture treated in a tertiary care hospital during the period from 1 st January 2006 to 30 th June 2008, it also share the author's experience of using different modalities to treat mandibular fractures and their outcome for comparison with other similar studies in literature. One hundred and ninety nine patients with mandibular fractures were included in this study. The age, sex, etiology, fracture characteristics, associated facial injuries, various methods of management and postoperative complications were evaluated. According to treatment modality used, patients were classified into four groups; G-I, closed reduction [CR] and Maxillomandibular fixation [MMF], G-II, open reduction and internal fixation [ORIF] with miniplate, G-III, open reduction and internal fixation with wire, G-IV, closed reduction and acrylic splint fixation with circum-mandibular wiring. Road traffic accident was the commonest cause of mandibular fracture, with male to female ratio 8:1, age of the patients range from 3-68 yrs; mean age was 27 yrs with Std +/- 13.8. Majority of the patients belonged to age group 16 to 30 years, isolated mandible fractures were 72.9%, common site of fracture was parasymphysis [33.2%]. Mainly open reduction and internal fixation techniques employed for [110] cases [G-II] showed good results with fewer complications. The study re-emphasized that ORIF with miniplate osteosynthesis is a reliable method for mandibular fracture management with multiple advantages and fewer complications

Local anaesthetic for minor oral surgical procedures. Review.

Pain following any surgical procedure is difficult to combat by man. Analgesics can be given for some amount of symptomatic relief. The need for a long lasting local anaesthetic is with the intention to reduce the most severe nature of pain, and decrease the analgesic consumption. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of, Bupivacaine over Lidocaine for minor oral surgical procedures. The popularly used lidocaine works for 3 to 3.9 hours. This is not sufficient since the most severe nature of pain is felt six to eight hours post surgery, where as Bupivacaine has duration of action of seven to eight hours. Hence the post operative pain experienced following administration of bupivacaine was found to be considerably lesser in degree than compared to the lidocaine group. To avoid severe pain and discomfort to the patient following any minor oral surgical, the use of bupivacaine is recommended.