Endocarditis infecciosa en hospital clínico Herminda Martín de Chillán: experiencia de los últimos cinco años / Infective endocarditis at Herminda Martin clinical hospital of Chillan: last five years experience

Introducción: la endocarditis infecciosa es una afección con elevada morbilidad y mortalidad, con una incidencia en Chile de 2-3 casos por 100.000 habitantes al año, con una edad de presentación en ascenso y una clínica diversa e inespecífica que requiere un manejo multidisciplinario para el manejo de estos pacientes. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, se consideró el número total de fichas clínicas del hospital clínico Herminda Martín de Chillán durante los años 2015 al 2019, con diagnóstico confirmado de endocarditis infecciosa. Los datos se registraron en la hoja de recolección de datos elaborada, realizándose los análisis estadísticos pertinentes. Resultados:la muestra (n=17) que pudo ser analizada tenía una edad promedio de 53,5 años; 70,5% (DE 14,50) fueron hombres y el agente más común identificado fue Staphylococcus aureus sensible a meticilina. En promedio los pacientes recibieron 28,8 días de antibióticos y la válvula más afectada fue la aórtica. Conclusiones: la endocarditis infecciosa es una patología con una gran morbimortalidad, que presenta un cuadro clínico inespecífico capaz de simular cualquier enfermedad. Se requieren aún de más estudios que reflejen la realidad nacional.

Introduction: Infective endocarditis is a condition with high morbidity and mortality, with an incidence in Chile of 2-3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year, with increasing age of presentation and a diverse and nonspecific clinic that requires multidisciplinary management for treatment of these patients. Materials and methods: Descriptive observational study, the total number of clinical records of the Herminda Martín de Chillán clinical hospital during the years 2015 to 2019, with a confirmed diagnosis of infective endocarditis, was considered. The data were recorded in the data collection sheet prepared, performing the relevant statistical analyses. Results: The sample (n = 17) that could be analysed had an average age of 53.5 years (DS 14.50), 70.5% were men, and the most common agent identified was methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. On average, patients received 28.8 days of antibiotics, and the most affected valve was the aortic valve. Conclusions: Infective endocarditis is a pathology with high morbidity and mortality, which presents a nonspecific clinical spectrum, capable of simulating any disease. Still, more studies are required that reflect the national reality

Pruebas de función plaquetaria por el sistema PFA-200 / PFA-200 system for platelet dysfunction analysis

Las pruebas de función plaquetaria realizadas con el analizador PFA-200 (del inglés, Platelet Function Analyzer) han venido reemplazando el tiempo de sangría, una prueba ya obsoleta, de acuerdo con el College of American Pathologists (CAP) y la American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP). Este analizador, mediante un sistema que utiliza cartuchos, posee la capacidad de simular in vitro las condiciones hemodinámicas del paciente para el tamizaje rápido, sencillo y automatizado de la disfunción plaquetaria. Las pruebas son de utilidad para evaluar la función plaquetaria en pacientes con alteraciones como enfermedad de von Willebrand y otras trombocitopatías congénitas o adquiridas, y evalúa la disfunción plaquetaria causada por inhibidores de la agregación plaquetaria, como la aspirina. Además, son de gran utilidad para el tamizaje prequirúrgico y en los embarazos de alto riego. Este sistema ofrece con su más reciente prueba, la INNOVANCE® PFA-200 P2Y, la posibilidad de evaluar la respuesta de pacientes que están siendo tratados con antagonistas del receptor plaquetario P2Y12, como son clopidogrel, prasugrel y ticagrelor, determinando el porcentaje de adhesión y agregación plaquetaria, logrando discriminar entre un paciente antiagregado y un paciente resistente al tratamiento

Validación para Colombia del cuestionario para la "Medición de la capacidad funcional en pacientes con falla cardíaca" / Validation of a questionnaire for Measuring functional capacity in patients with heart failure in Colombia

Resumen Objetivos: Hacer la validación para Colombia del cuestionario "Índice de estado actividad de Duke en pacientes con falla cardíaca". Métodos: Se hizo la traducción y adaptación cultural del Índice de estado actividad de Duke (DASI) al español. Se incluyeron 135 pacientes, con quienes se hizo la validación de contenido con un análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se evaluó la validez de constructo convergente y divergente y la validez de criterio comparando grupos de la New York Heart Asociation (NYHA) y con las correlaciones con el cuestionario de calidad de vida "Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire", la escala genérica de calidad de vida SF-36 y un cuestionario de evaluación de la discapacidad de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (WHO-DAS II). Se evaluó la consistencia interna y la fiabilidad interobservador e intraobservador, así como la sensibilidad al cambio al mes, tres y seis meses. Resultados: En la validez de contenido la escala se ajusta a dos dominios; en la validez convergente y divergente se verificó con correlaciones significativas del DASI con las escalas con las que se comparó. La validez de criterio del DASI con la clasificación NYHA mostró relación adecuada, aunque no es estadísticamente significativa. En la consistencia interna el coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,69 y los coeficientes de correlación intraclase para la fiabilidad interevaluador e intraevaluador fueron 0,81 y 0,90 respectivamente. Conclusiones: Esta versión en Español del Índice de estado actividad de Duke es válida y confiable para pacientes con falla cardíaca en Colombia.

Abstract Objectives: To validate the Duke Activity Status Index questionnaire in patients with heart failure in Colombia. Methods: A translation to Spanish and a cultural adaptation was performed on the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) questionnaire. A total 135 patients were included to carry out the content validity, with a confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent and divergent construct validity, and the criteria validity was evaluated, comparing New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification groups, and the correlations with the "Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire" quality of life questionnaire, the SF-36 quality of life generic scale, and a questionnaire on the evaluation of disability by the World Health Organisation (WHO-DAS II). Internal consistency and inter-observer reliability was evaluated, as well as the sensitivity to change at one, three, and six months. Results: The scale is adjusted to two domains in the content validity. The convergent and divergent validity was verified, with significant correlations of the DASI with the scales that it was compared against. The criteria validity of the DASI with the NYHA classification showed some relationship, but it was not statistically significant. The Cronbach alpha was 0.69 in the internal consistency, and the inter-class correlation coefficients for inter-observer and within-observer reliability were 0.81 and 0.90, respectively. Conclusions: This version of the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) in Spanish is valid and reliable for patients with heart failure in Colombia.

Evaluation of the Bleeding Intensity of Patients Anticoagulated with Warfarin or Dabigatran Undergoing Dental Procedures / Avaliação da Intensidade de Sangramento de Procedimentos Odontológicos em Pacientes Anticoagulados com Varfarina ou Dabigatrana

Abstract Background: Thrombotic disorders remain one of the leading causes of death in the Western world. Dabigatran appeared as an alternative to warfarin for anticoagulation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The risk associated with bleeding due to its use has been documented in several randomized clinical trials, but no large study has examined in detail the risk of bleeding during dental extraction and other dental procedures involving bleeding. Objective: To compare the intensity of bleeding in individuals taking dabigatran or vitamin K antagonist (warfarin) and undergoing dental procedures. Methods: Prospective, single-center, controlled study with one single observer. Patients diagnosed with nonvalvular AF, on warfarin or dabigatran, cared for at a cardiology referral center, and requiring single or multiple dental extractions, were evaluated up to seven days post-extraction. The following outcomes were assessed: bleeding time between the beginning and the end of suture and complete hemostasis; bleeding before the procedure, after 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 days, during and after suture removal (late); p<0.05 was defined as of statistical relevance. Results: We evaluated 37 individuals, 25 in the warfarin group and 12 in the dabigatran group. Age, sex, weight, height, blood pressure, color, schooling, family income and comorbidities were similar between the two groups. Regarding bleeding after 24 hours of the procedure, no one in the dabigatran group had bleeding, whereas 32% in the warfarin group had documented bleeding (p = 0.028). The other variables analyzed did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: This study suggests that, regarding dental extraction, there is no statistically significant difference in the intensity of bleeding of patients taking dabigatran as compared to those taking warfarin. Bleeding 24 hours after the procedure was less frequent among patients on dabigatran.

Resumo Fundamento: Distúrbios trombóticos permanecem como uma das principais causas de morte no mundo ocidental. A dabigatrana surgiu como alternativa à varfarina para a anticoagulação no tratamento da fibrilação atrial (FA). O risco associado a eventos hemorrágicos com a sua utilização foi documentado em vários ensaios clínicos randomizados, mas nenhum grande estudo analisou detalhadamente o risco de hemorragia durante a extração dentária e em outros procedimentos odontológicos que envolvam sangramentos. Objetivo: Em indivíduos submetidos a procedimentos odontológicos, avaliar a intensidade de sangramento com o uso de dabigatrana em comparação ao uso de anticoagulante oral antagonista da vitamina K (varfarina). Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, controlado, unicêntrico, observador único. Pacientes com diagnóstico de FA não valvar atendidos em um centro de referência em cardiologia e com indicação de anticoagulação que necessitavam de tratamento odontológico para exodontia única ou múltipla, estando em uso de varfarina ou dabigatrana e avaliados até sete dias pós-exodontia. Foram avaliados os efeitos sobre: tempo de sangramento entre o início e o fim da sutura e hemostasia completa; sangramento antes do procedimento, após 24 e 48 horas, 7 dias, durante e após a remoção da sutura (tardio), sendo considerado como estatisticamente significativo valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram avaliados 37 indivíduos, sendo 25 no grupo varfarina e 12 no dabigatrana. Idade, sexo, peso, altura, pressão arterial, cor, escolaridade, renda familiar e comorbidades foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. Em relação ao sangramento 24 horas após o procedimento, ninguém do grupo dabigatrana apresentou sangramento, que esteve presente em 32% do grupo varfarina (p = 0,028). Não houve diferenças entre os grupos em relação às outras variáveis analisadas. Conclusões: Os dados deste estudo permitem sugerir que, em indivíduos submetidos a procedimento odontológico de exodontia, não há diferença estatisticamente significante na intensidade de sangramento em uso de dabigatrana em comparação ao uso de varfarina. Há uma menor frequência de sangramento 24 horas após o procedimento nos indivíduos em uso de dabigatrana.

Immediate laser-induced hemostasis in anticoagulated rats subjected to oral soft tissue surgery: a double-blind study

Abstract Given the growing trend towards medical indications for continuous use of anticoagulants, the number of patients on these medications continues to rise. The management of patients on oral anticoagulants requiring oral surgical procedures has aroused much controversy. Changes in an anticoagulation regimen are associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism. However, it seems logical and advantageous for the patients' health if surgery could be performed without any change to the anticoagulation therapy. In dentistry, high-power lasers have been poorly explored in this field. The hemostatic properties of high-power lasers could be helpful during oral soft tissue surgeries in anticoagulated patients. The aim of this study was to compare bleeding time in anticoagulated rats after lingual frenectomy performed with a scalpel or diode laser with bleeding time in healthy animals. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (n = 6): (CS) Control-Scalpel Surgery; (AS) Anticoagulated-Scalpel Surgery; (CL) Control-Laser (diode laser 810 nm/1.5 W) Surgery; and (AL) Anticoagulated-Laser Surgery (diode laser 810 nm/1.5 W). Warfarin administration was used to induce anticoagulation. Blood was blotted every 30 seconds with filter paper until bleeding stopped to verify bleeding time. Two blinded researchers performed the surgeries and collected the bleeding time data. Diode laser surgery led to complete hemostasis in rats during and after lingual frenectomy. Zero bleeding was assessed during surgeries and after diode laser surgeries in anticoagulated rats. Laser-induced hemostasis offered an alternative solution to the controversial issue of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding control in patients on anticoagulation therapy.

Treatment of Recurrent Hemarthrosis after Total Knee Arthroplasty

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and treatment of recurrent hemarthrosis after total knee replacement (TKR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among a total of 5,510 patients who underwent TKR from March 2000 to October 2016, patients who had two or more bleeding 2 weeks after surgery were studied. Conservative treatments were performed for all cases with symptoms. In patients who did not respond to conservative treatment several times, embolization was performed. We retrospectively evaluated the postoperative bleeding time, bleeding frequency, treatment method, and outcome. RESULTS: Seventeen (0.3%) of the 5,510 patients developed recurrent hemarthrosis. Bleeding occurred at an average of 2 years 3 months after the operation. Joint aspiration was performed 3.5 times (range, 2 to 10 times) on average, and 14 cases (82.3%) were treated with conservative treatment. In 3 patients with severe bleeding and hemorrhage, embolization was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent hemarthrosis after TKR is a rare disease with a low incidence of 0.3% and usually could be treated by conservative treatment. If recurrences occur repeatedly, embolization through angiography or surgical treatment may be considered, but the results are not satisfactory and careful selection of treatment modalities is warranted.

Effects of hyaluronic acid on bleeding following third molar extraction

Abstract Objective To explore the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) on bleeding and associated outcomes after third molar extraction. Methods Forty patients who had undergone molar extraction were randomly divided into two groups; 0.8% (w/v) HA was applied to the HA group (n=20) whereas a control group (n=20) was not treated. Salivary and gingival tissue factor (TF) levels, bleeding time, maximum interincisal opening (MIO), pain scored on a visual analog scale (VAS), and the swelling extent were compared between the two groups. Results HA did not significantly affect gingival TF levels. Salivary TF levels increased significantly 1 week after HA application but not in the control group. Neither the VAS pain level nor MIO differed significantly between the two groups. The swelling extent on day 3 and the bleeding time were greater in the HA group than in the control group. Conclusions Local injection of HA at 0.8% prolonged the bleeding time, and increased hemorrhage and swelling in the early postoperative period after third molar extractions.

Bleeding time using Moringa oleifera (Malunggay) leaf extract versus saline control in a rabbit epistaxis model: A randomized controlled trial

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To determine bleeding time using Moringa oleifera leaf extract versus saline control in an experimental epistaxis model.<br /><strong>METHODS:</strong><br /><strong>Design:</strong> Randomized controlled trial<br /><strong>Setting:</strong> Tertiary Government Training Hospital<br /><strong>Participants:</strong> Ten adult male New Zealand White rabbits were acclimatized for 1 week in a standard environment. One-centimeter long, full-thickness mucosal wounds in the junction of the nasal floor and anterior part of the septum were treated randomly with topical Moringa oleifera extract or colored isotonic saline control in either right or left nasal cavity, one site at a time. The duration of bleeding - time bleeding started to time bleeding stopped -- was recorded in seconds. Data was subjected to a t-test for paired samples.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The mean bleeding time for wounds treated with Moringa extract was 53 seconds (range 38-70 secs), versus 159 seconds (range 100-218 secs) for controls. The bleeding time in the former was significantly shorter than in the latter (p = .000019, t-stat = 8.139), with a mean difference of 106 seconds between the two groups.<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Moringa oleifera leaf extract was associated with significantly shorter bleeding time than saline control in this experimental epistaxis model and may be worth investigating further as a hemostatic agent for epistaxis.</p>

Analgesic efficacy of oral firocoxib in ovariohysterectomized cats

The postoperative analgesic effects of firocoxib in ovariohysterectomized cats were observed. Twenty-four cats were divided into 3 groups: control (no medicine), firocoxib-1 (1 mg/kg/day) and firocoxib-3 (3 mg/kg/day). Colorado pain scale scores (CPSS), composite pain scores (CPS), and buccal mucosal bleeding times (BMBT) were recorded in blinded fashion before induction and 2, 5, 8, 24, 30, and 48 h post-operation. The average CPSS (mean ± SEM) over 2 to 48 h post-operation in firocoxib-3 (0.4 ± 0.1) was significantly lower than that of the control (0.7 ± 0.2; p = 0.004), but that of firocoxib-1 (0.5 ± 0.2) was not different from that of the control (p = 0.40). The mean CPS of firocoxib-3 was significantly lower than that of the control at 24 h post-operation (p = 0.04); nonetheless, there was no significant difference in mean CPS between firocoxib-1 and control groups at all intervals. BMBT and body temperature were within normal limits in all groups. However, reversible azotemia was identified in two firocoxib-3 cats at 72 h post-operation. One firocoxib-3 cat vomited once at 48 h post-operation. In conclusion, firocoxib-3 is helpful for postoperative pain control in cats; however, gastrointestinal irritation and renal function side effects may occur.

Bleeding time using Moringa oleifera (Malunggay) leaf extract versus saline control in a rabbit epistaxis model: A randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: To determine bleeding time using Moringa oleifera leaf extract versus saline control in an experimental epistaxis model.METHODS:Design: Randomized controlled trialSetting: Tertiary Government Training HospitalParticipants: Ten adult male New Zealand White rabbits were acclimatized for 1 week in a standard environment. One-centimeter long, full-thickness mucosal wounds in the junction of the nasal floor and anterior part of the septum were treated randomly with topical Moringa oleifera extract or colored isotonic saline control in either right or left nasal cavity, one site at a time. The duration of bleeding - time bleeding started to time bleeding stopped -- was recorded in seconds. Data was subjected to a t-test for paired samples.RESULTS: The mean bleeding time for wounds treated with Moringa extract was 53 seconds (range 38-70 secs), versus 159 seconds (range 100-218 secs) for controls. The bleeding time in the former was significantly shorter than in the latter (p = .000019, t-stat = 8.139), with a mean difference of 106 seconds between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Moringa oleifera leaf extract was associated with significantly shorter bleeding time than saline control in this experimental epistaxis model and may be worth investigating further as a hemostatic agent for epistaxis.

Perioperative Comparison of Hip Arthroplasty Using the Direct Anterior Approach with the Posterolateral Approach / 대한고관절학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of the current study is to report the advantage and disadvantage of total hip arthroplasty performed in direct anterior approach (DAA) by comparing it to the posterolateral approach (PLA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five hip arthroplasty done in DAA (12 total hip arthroplasty [THA] and 13 bipolar hemiarthroplasty [BHA]) were compared with the same number done in PLA (13 THA and 12 BHA). Intraoperative assessments including operation time, anesthetic time, bleeding amount were recorded with intraoperative complications. Immediate postoperatively, position of the prosthesis and leg length discrepancy were measured and were compared between the two approaches. RESULTS: The operation time was 22 minutes and 19 minutes longer in DAA for THA and BHA respectively while the anesthetic time difference was 26 and 10 respectively. However, these parameters showed no statistical difference. No significance was found when bleeding amount was compared. For DAA, cup alignment was within safe zone in 100% both for inclination and for anteversion while this was 83.3% and 75.0% respectively in PLA. Leg length difference was 3 mm in DAA and 5 mm in PLA but had no significant difference. Tensor fascia lata tear was the most common complication occurring in 9 patients. CONCLUSION: Although significant was not reached there was trend toward more operation time and anesthetic time when DAA was used. However, the trend also showed that cup and stem were likely to be in more accurate position and in adequate size which is likely due to the accurate use of fluoroscopy.

Comparison of the operative and post operative outcome between episiorrhaphy with and without application of policresulen solution / Philippine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

BACKGROUND: Episiotomy is a surgical incision of the perineum performed to widen the vaginal opening to facilitate the delivery of an infant. Bleeding is its common complication. A certain technique must be followed so as not to incur either dyspareunia, dehiscence or infection. Hence the application of policresulen solution during repair may minimize bleeding and facilitate better wound healing. OBJECTIVE: To compare the operative and post-operative outcome between episiorraphy with and without application of policresulen solution during repair among puerperal patients admitted in a tertiary hospital. METHODOLOGY: One hundred participants were randomized to two treatment groups. Those assigned to treatment A (n=50) underwent episiorrhaphy with policresulen solution application while those in treatment B (n=50) served as the control group. The main outcome measures were estimated blood loss, operative time and duration of wound healing. RESULTS: There was a significantly shorter mean operative time with the participants in the Policresulen group (20.92 ± 0.90 minutes) as compared to the Control group (53.8 ± 1.79 minutes) with a P-value of CONCLUSION: Policresulen solution application has a good hemostatic effect on the episiotomy wound hence shortened the operative time. It also has a good wound healing effect reflected by a shortened duration of wound healing of the episiotomy wound.

Use of tranexamic acid for controlling bleeding in thoracolumbar scoliosis surgery with posterior instrumentation / Uso do ácido tranexâmico no controle do sangramento em cirurgias de escoliose toracolombar com instrumentação posterior

OBJECTIVE: Scoliosis surgery involves major blood loss and frequently requires blood transfusion. The cost and risks involved in using allogeneic blood have motivated investigation of methods capable of reducing patients' bleeding during operations. One of these methods is to use antifibrinolytic drugs, and tranexamic acid is among these. The aim of this study was to assess the use of this drug for controlling bleeding in surgery to treat idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in which the medical files of 40 patients who underwent thoracolumbar arthrodesis by means of a posterior route were analyzed. Of these cases, 21 used tranexamic acid and were placed in the test group. The others were placed in the control group. The mean volumes of bleeding during and after the operation and the need for blood transfusion were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The group that used tranexamic acid had significantly less bleeding during the operation than the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding postoperative bleeding and the need for blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Tranexamic acid was effective in reducing bleeding during the operation, as demonstrated in other studies. The correlation between its use and the reduction in the need for blood transfusion is multifactorial and could not be established in this study. We believe that tranexamic acid may be a useful resource and that it deserves greater attention in randomized double-blind prospective series, with proper control over variables that directly influence blood loss. .

OBJETIVO: A cirurgia de escoliose envolve elevada perda sanguínea e necessita frequentemente de hemotransfusão. O custo e os riscos envolvidos no uso do sangue alogênico têm motivado pesquisas de métodos capazes de reduzir o sangramento operatório nos pacientes. Um desses métodos é o uso de drogas antifibrinolíticas, entre as quais está o ácido tranexâmico (ATX). O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o uso dessa droga no controle do sangramento em cirurgias de escoliose idiopática. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo no qual foram analisados os prontuários de 40 pacientes submetidos à artrodese toracolombar por via posterior. Desses, apenas 21 usaram o ATX e foram relacionados no grupo teste. Os demais foram relacionados no grupo controle. Foram comparadas as médias de sangramento per e pós-operatório e a necessidade de hemotransfusão entre os dois grupos. RESULTADOS: O grupo que usou o ATX teve sangramento peroperatório significativamente menor do que o grupo controle. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos para o sangramento pós-operatório e a necessidade de hemotransfusão. CONCLUSÕES: O ATX foi eficaz na redução do sangramento peroperatório, conforme demostrado em outros estudos. A correlação entre o seu uso e a redução da necessidade de hemotransfusão é multifatorial e não pôde ser estabelecida neste trabalho. Acreditamos que o ácido tranexâmico possa ser um recurso útil e merece maior atenção em séries prospectivas, duplo-cegas, randomizadas, com o devido controle das variáveis que interferem diretamente na perda sanguínea. .

Inhibitory Effects of Yuzu and Its Components on Human Platelet Aggregation

Our previous study demonstrated that yuzu has an anti-platelet effect in rat blood. In the present study, we examined whether the anti-platelet effect of yuzu can be extended to human blood by investigating its ability to inhibit aggregations induced by various agonists in human platelet rich plasma (PRP). This study also investigated the underlying mechanism of yuzu focusing on ADP granule secretion, TXB2 formations, and PLCgamma/Akt signaling. The results from this study showed that ethanolic yuzu extract (YE), and its components, hesperidin and naringin, inhibited human platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. YE, hesperidin and naringin also inhibited TXB2 formation and ADP release. The phosphorylation of PLCgamma and Akt was significantly inhibited by YE, heperidin and naringin. Furthermore, we demonstrated that YE, heperidin and naringin has anti-platelet effects in rat ex vivo studies, and lower side effects in mice tail bleeding time studies. The results from this study suggest that YE, hesperidin and naringin can inhibit human platelet aggregation, at least partly through the inhibition of PLCgamma and Akt, leading to a decrease in TXB2 formation and granule secretion.

The Result of Total Hip Arthroplasty after Failure of Multiple Screw Fixation for Femoral Neck Fracture / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the result of secondary total hip arthroplasty (THA) after primary internal fixation failure in femoral neck fracture patients and compare the results with primary THA for femoral neck fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the femoral neck fracture patients, we analyzed clininal and radiologic results of those who underwent secondary THA after internal fixation failure and those who underwent THA as early treatment. Cases with patients over age 40 years and with at least two year of follow-up period were used for analysis. Periopertive conditions of patients were evaluated by using surgery time, bleeding amounts and period to start gait using walker or crutch after surgery. Clinical results were assessed by using Harris hip score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and radiologic results were derived by observing follow-up simpe X-ray. RESULTS: The group of secondary THA had longer surgery time, more bleeding amount and longer period to start gait. But between the two groups, there was no difference of clinical and radiologic result at final follwing up. Both of two group had excellent clinical and radiological results. CONCLUSION: THA after internal fixation showed excellent clinical and radiologic results that was comparable to compare with primary THA.

Concomitant use of lisinopril reduces the effect of aspirin on bleeding

To determine the Lisinopril and Aspirin interaction through their concurrent effect on bleeding in adult male rabbits. Twenty four healthy adult male rabbits were used. Bleeding time of each animal was determined by Duke's Method. They were divided randomly in three groups containing equal number of animals into Control, Aspirin, Lisinopril and Combination groups. After oral administration of the drug[s], the bleeding time of the animals was again determined by same method. Prolongation of bleeding time was significant [p<0.05] in Aspirin and combination groups but insignificant [p>0.05] in Lisinopril group after 1 hour. It was significant [p<0.05] in Aspirin and Lisinopril groups but insignificant [p>0.05] in Combination group after 24 hours. This change was observed after 48 hours too. Concurrent use of Lisinopril reduces the effect of Aspirin on Bleeding after a certain time period

Réquiem por el tiempo de sangría: una prueba obsoleta: [Editorial] / Requiem for bleeding time: an obsolete test: [Editorial]

El tiempo de sangría, descrito hace más de 100 años [1], fue la única prueba disponible para el estudio de la función plaquetaria, llegando a ser el “estándar de oro” de la hemostasia primaria [2]; hasta que a finales de la década del 90, el Colegio Americano de Patólogos y la Sociedad Americana de Patología Clínica, pusieron de manifiesto sus limitaciones técnicas y su pobre desempeño analítico, representado en falta de reproducibilidad, escasa sensibilidad y en su carácter de prueba invasiva [3]. Como resultado de lo anterior, el tiempo de sangría debería pasar a ser una prueba histórica, al ser reconocido en el contexto de la literatura médica mundial como una prueba obsoleta [4, 5]. A rey muerto, rey puesto. En el caso del tiempo de sangría, la comunidad científica se beneficia de las nuevas pruebas de función plaquetaria, porque no son invasivas y suministran al médico mayor información sobre las alteraciones funcionales de las plaquetas, tanto de origen adquirido como congénito [10, 11]. De las diferentes pruebas para el estudio de la función plaquetaria desarrolladas en las últimas décadas, el PFA-100 representa una excelente opción para tamización de las disfunciones plaquetarias [12, 13]. Con la incorporación del PFA-100 al laboratorio clínico, se abren importantes frentes de trabajo.

PFA-100: una nueva prueba de funciónplaquetaria sustituta del tiempo de sangría / PFA-100: a platelet function test as a substitute for the bleeding time

Resumen: El PFA-100, por Platelet Function Analyzer (Analizador de Función Plaquetaria) es una nueva herramienta para la investigación de la hemostasia primaria, descrita e introducida al laboratorio clíni-co a partir de 1995, actualmente disponible en el medio. El PFA-100 se fundamenta en un instrumento (PFA-100 o PFA-200), que simula la circulación sanguínea, y dos cartuchos de reactivos que contienen membranas impregnadas de colágeno/epinefrina y colágeno/ADP, que simulan los tejidos. Desde el punto de vista técnico, la prueba es equivalente in vitro al tiempo de sangría tradicional in vivo, por lo que también se la conoce como tiempo de sangría in vitro. El PFA-100 se puede utilizar en diferentes situaciones medicas: (1) como una prueba sustituta del tiempo de sangría, (2) como una prueba tamiz de una disfunción plaquetaria ya sea congénita o adquirida, (3) como una prueba de monitoreo en el manejo de enfermedades congénitas de la función plaquetaria y en particular de la enfermedad de von Willebrand, (4) como una prueba de diagnóstico y control en el caso de la resistencia a la aspirina y la resistencia al clopidogrel, (5) como una prueba de control de calidad en el banco de sangre; y (6) como una prueba médico-legal en el diagnóstico diferencial de las enfermedades hematológicas con manifestaciones hemorrágicas y el maltrato infantil, entre otras muchas indicaciones El tiempo de sangría ha pasado a ser una prueba obsoleta, no recomendada en la práctica clínica por organiza-ciones como el Colegio Americano de Patología (CAP) y la Sociedad Americana de Patología Clínica (ASCP), y como tal debería desaparecer de los portafolios de servicio de los laboratorios clínicos...

Summary: Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA) is a new tool for the investigation of primary hemostasis. It was introduced in the clinical laboratory since 1995 and is currently available as diagnostic tests. The PFA is based on an instrument (PFA-100 and PFA-200), which simulates the blood flow, and two cartridges containing membranes impregnated with collagen/epinephrine and collagen/ADP, which simulate the tissue. From a technical point of view, the test is an In vitro equivalent to In vivo test known as bleeding time. The PFA-100 can be used in different medical situations: (1) as a screening test of platelet dysfunction either congenital or acquired, (2) as a diagnostic test in the case of aspirin and 512Germán Campuzano Maya, MDMedicina & LaboratorioVolumen 19, Números 11-12, 2013.clopidogrel resistance, (3) as a screening test in the case of follow-up of patients with von Willebrand disease undergoing treatment with desmopressin, (4) as quality control test in blood bank, in the case of platelet transfusions; and (5) as a legal-medical test in the differential diagnosis of hematological diseases with mucocutaneous manifestations and child abuse, among many other indications. The bleeding time has become an outdated test, it is not recommended in clinical practice by organizations as the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Clinical Pathology, and should be removed from clinical laboratories services...

Evaluación del efecto hemostático de altas dinamodiluciones de Phosphorus en el paciente quirúrgico / Evaluation of hemostatic effect of wings dinamodiluciones of Phosphorus in the surgical patient

El estudio tiene por objeto demostrar el efecto del medicamento homeopático Phosphorus durante el procedimiento quirúrgico.

Clinical Utility of the Buttonhole Technique Using Biohole(TM) in Hemodialysis Patients / 대한내과학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Buttonhole cannulation has been popular because it provides an easy puncture, is less painful, and requires less time for hemostasis. However, the technique requires a skilled staff and a long time to form the tract. A new buttonhole technique using Biohole(TM), which shortens the time needed for tract formation, has been introduced in Europe, North America, and Japan. METHODS: We prepared a cannulation tract using the buttonhole technique and Biohole(TM) over a two-week period and compared the 12-week outcomes between patients who underwent the rope-ladder versus buttonhole techniques. RESULTS: The 40 patients (27 males) had a mean age of 49.1 +/- 14.2 years. Thirteen and 27 patients were cannulated with the rope-ladder and buttonhole techniques, respectively. Patients who underwent the buttonhole technique had more initial pain than did those who received the rope-ladder technique (p = 0.044). The Biohole(TM) procedure improved puncture pain (5.6 vs. 3.4, p = 0.003) and shortened hemostasis time (1.8 vs. 1.3, p = 0.001). Over a two-week period, patients using Biohole(TM) experienced dislocation (20.8%), bleeding at peg sites (8.6%), and pain during peg change (2.4%). Over the 12 week study period, patients who underwent the buttonhole technique had insignificantly less pain than did those who received the rope-ladder technique (p = 0.088), but the former had less bleeding time than the latter (p = 0.000). One patient who received the buttonhole technique experienced one episode of infection (p = 0.327). CONCLUSIONS: The new buttonhole technique using Biohole(TM) is safe and useful in the short term. A long-term, larger, multicenter study is required to confirm these results.