Aislamiento e identificación de compuestos con actividad antiobesidad y antiadipogénica de Thevetia peruviana / Isolation and identification of anti-obesity and anti-adipogenic compounds from Thevetia peruviana

Thevetia peruviana ha sido utilizada en la medicina tradicional mexicana por sus efectos adelgazantes. Para la identificación de las fracciones y los compuestos activos de T. peruviana se utilizó cromatografía en columna abierta y las fracciones obtenidas se evaluaron en ratones con obesidad inducida con glutamato monosódico. Como control positivo se utilizó Orlistat y los tratamientos se administraron oralmente una vez al día durante 8 semanas. La fracción con mayor actividad fue sub-fraccionada y, con la intención de evitar el uso de más ratones, los productos fueron seleccionados por su capacidad para inhibir la adipogénesis en la línea celular 3T3-L1. Los animales tratados con la fracción F-B mostraron un aumento de peso significativamente menor y mantuvieron la sensibilidad a la insulina, así como, niveles significativamente más bajos de colesterol y triglicéridos. El análisis de GC-MS indicó que esta fracción activa está compuesta principalmente por los ácidos palmítico (1), oleico (2) y octadacanoico (3), 2-palmitoil glicerol (4), 2-oleoil glicerol (5) así como la estigmastenona (6).

Thevetia peruviana has been used in Mexican traditional medicine for its slimming effects. Active fractions and compounds from T. peruviana were isolated and identified by means of gravitational open-column chromatography, and the fractions were evaluated on mice with MonoSodium Glutamate-induced obesity. Orlistat was used as positive control, and treatments were administered, orally, once a day for 8 weeks. The fraction with higher activity was sub-fractioned and, with the intention of avoiding using more mice, the fractions were analyzed by evaluating their capability to inhibit adipogenesis in the 3T3-L1 cell line. Animals treated with the F-B fraction revealed a significantly smaller weight increase and maintained adequate insulin sensitivity, and significantly lower blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. The active compounds that demonstrated greatest adipogenesis inhibition were palmitic acid (1), oleic acid (2), octadecanoic acid (3), 2-palmitoyl glycerol (4), 2-oleoyl glycerol (5) and stigmastenone (6).

Phytochemical Screening of Callus and Cell Suspensions Cultures of Thevetia peruviana

Abstract Thevetia peruviana is an ornamental shrub grown-up in many tropical region of the world. This plant produces secondary metabolites with biological properties of interest for the pharmaceutical industry. The objective was to determine the secondary metabolites profile of callus and cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana and compare them with those from explant (fruit pulp). Extracts in 50% aqueous ethanol and ethyl acetate were prepared. The phytochemical analysis was performed using standard chemical tests and thin layer chromatography. In addition, total phenolic and flavonoids compounds (TPC and TFC), total cardiac glycosides (TCG) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) was determined during the cell suspension growth. Phenolic chemical profile was also analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Common metabolites (alkaloids, amino acids, antioxidants, cardiac glycosides, leucoanthocyanidins, flavonoids, phenols, sugars and triterpenes) were detected in all samples. The maximum production of extracellular TCG, TPC, TFC and TAA in cells suspensions were at 6-12 days; in contrast, intracellular content was relatively constant during the exponential grown phase (0 to 12-days). HPLC analysis detected one compound with retention time at 11.6 min; this compound was tentatively identified as dihydroquercetin, a flavonoid with anti-cancer properties. These results provide evidence on the utility of the in vitro cell cultures of T. peruviana for valuable pharmaceutical compounds production.

Toxicity of leaf extract of yellow oleander Thevetia nerifolia on Tilapia.

The usefulness of leaf extract as an ideal source of 'piscicide' in shrimp farming is described Leaf toxins are safe, eco-friendly and biodegradable. The fish Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus was exposed to the extract and the percentage of mortality at the end of 24,48, 72 and 96 hrs was recorded. The respective toxic range of aqueous, alcohol and acetone extracts of 24 hr LC50 and 96 hr LC50 values were found to be respectively 1118.79-330.30, 699.24-129.02 and 749.95-347.23 mg dry extract/litre for Oreochromis mossambicus. The LC50 values observed in different time periods in the fish exposed to aqueous extract were relatively high compared to the values obtained in acetone and alcohol extracts. Use of leaf extract, as piscicide in aquaculture farms is considered advantageous when viewed against the backdrop of using persistent chemicals.