The need for endodontic treatment and systemic characteristics of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the epidemiological and clinical profiles of patients before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and the need for endodontic treatment. The subjects included 188 individuals enrolled in the dental care program for transplanted patients of the School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, FO-UFMG) from March 2011 through March 2016. The patients were subjected to an HSCT conditioning dental regimen based on a thorough clinical and radiographic evaluation. Intraoral periapical and bite-wing X-rays were obtained, and after evaluation, specific dental treatment was planned and performed. The following demographic and clinical data were collected from the patients' medical records: age, gender, transplantation stage, primary disease, transplant type, medication used, complete blood count at the time of visit, and need for endodontic treatment. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov and the chi-square tests were used. Leukemia (31.3%) and multiple myeloma (17.9%) were the most prevalent primary diseases. Most patients were subjected to allogeneic-related transplantation (83.6%). Most patients exhibited platelet counts and hemoglobin concentrations below the reference values in the pre-transplantation stage, while the neutrophil and platelet counts and the hemoglobin levels were within the reference ranges in the post-transplantation stage. The proportions of individuals requiring endodontic treatment were similar between the pre- and post-transplantation groups: 24.3% and 24.7%, respectively. The systemic conditions of the patients referred for dental treatment were compromised.

O transplante de células tronco hematopoéticas alogênico e autogênico na leucemia mielóide aguda em primeira remissão completa: análise de 62 pacientes / The allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: analyses of 62 patients

O transplante de células tronco hematopoéticas alogênico e autogênico na leucemia mielóide aguda em primeira remissão completa: analise de 62 pacientes. Os pacientes foram submetidos a transplante de células tronco hematopoéticas alogênico e autogênico. Ao final do estudo estavam vivos no alogênico 43,3% e no autogênico 62,5%. Consolidação intensiva teve melhor sobrevida no alogênico. Os pacientes com DECH aguda grau II tiveram melhor sobrevida. Dois pacientes com DECH crônica extensa morreram. Óbito por infecção ocorreu com maior freqüência no alogênico seguido de recidiva. No autogênico a recidiva foi a principal causa de óbito. Morte por toxicidade ocorreu em 47% dos pacientes que foram a óbito no alogênico e em 8,3% no autogênico. Na analise múltipla de Cox a consolidação intensiva e DECH crônica, tiveram significância...

The allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: analyses of 62 patients. The patients were submitted to allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The end of the study were kept alive in allogeneic 43,3% and in autologous 65,2%. Patient in allogeneic who were consolidated had better survival. Patients with acute GVHD grade II had better survival. Two patients with chronic GVHD in intense, died. Infection was the most frequent dead cause in allogeneic following relapse. In autologous the relapse was the principal cause of death. Toxicity occurred in 47% of patients who died in allogeneic and 8,3% in autologous. In cox multiple analyses intensive consolidation and chronic GVHD had significance...

Second allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplants with reduced-intensity conditioning / Segundos trasplantes hematopoyéticos con esquemas de acondicionamiento de intensidad reducida

In two institutions in México, twelve patients were given a second allogeneic stem cell transplantation, using the "Mexican" non-myeloablative preparative regimen. Eight had a malignant condition (six acute leukemias, one myelofibrosis and one myelodysplasia), eleven individuals were allografted twice from the same donor and in one case, cells from two different umbilical cords were used. The median time to conduct the second allograft after the first one was 6 months (range 1-41). The five patients who failed to engraft after the first transplant failed also to engraft after the second one; all of them had been heavily transfused. Only three patients were successfully rescued with the second transplant, two with acute leukemia and one with aplastic anemia. Seven patients are alive 10-41 months (median 35) after the second transplant, but only three (25%) remain disease-free. The 52-month overall survival (SV) of the patients is 58%, whereas the median overall SV has not been reached, being above 52 months. Conducting a second allograft may be useful to rescue some individuals relapsing after a first hematopoietic allotransplant.

En dos instituciones en México se llevaron a cabo doce segundos trasplantes de células hematopoyéticas usando el "método mexicano" de acondicionamiento no mieloablativo. Ocho pacientes tenían una enfermedad maligna (seis leucemias agudas, una mielofibrosis y una mielodisplasia). Once sujetos se retrasplantaron del mismo donador y en un caso se emplearon células hematopoyéticas de dos diferentes cordones umbilicales. La mediana del tiempo transcurrido entre los dos trasplantes fue de seis meses (rango 1 a 41). Los cinco pacientes que no se injertaron con el primer trasplante tampoco se injertaron con el segundo; todos ellos habían sido multitransfundidos antes de los trasplantes. Sólo tres pacientes se pudieron rescatar con el segundo trasplante, dos con leucemia aguda y uno con anemia aplástica. Siete pacientes están vivos 10 a 41 meses (mediana 35) después del segundo trasplante, pero sólo tres (25%) se encuentran libres de enfermedad. La supervivencia (SV) global a 52 meses es de 58%, en tanto que la mediana de SV no se ha alcanzado y es mayor de 52 meses. Hacer un segundo trasplante hematopoyético puede rescatar a algunos pacientes quienes recaen después de un trasplante de médula ósea.

Estudo comparativo da rejeição do transplante vascularizado do membro inferior homógeno submetido a três diferentes protocolos de imunossupressão: estudo experimental em ratos / Immunossupression enhances rat hindlimb transplants survival: differences among FK508-longe course: FK506-short course; and cyclosporine A plus metilprednisone protocols

Foi realizado o estudo comparativo do efeito imunossupressor de três tratamentos, utilizando-se a combinação de ciclosporina A e metilprednisolona, um ciclo curto e um ciclo longo de FK506 por 12 semanas no transplante de membro inferior entre ratos Sprague-Dawley e Wistar. O tempo médio de instalação da rejeição foi de 6,6 dias nos animais que não receberam imunossupressão, 34 dias nos que receberam ciclosporina A e metilprednisolona, 58 dias para os que receberam FK506 em ciclo curto e 77.75 para os que receberam FK506 em ciclo longo. Os grupos que receberam FK506 apresentaram tempo prolongado de sobrevivência do transplante. /The immunosuppressive effect of combined therapy using cyclosporine A and metilprednisolone, a short course and a long course of FK506 for 12 weeks in a Sprague-Dawley/Wistar rat limb allotransplantation model was tested. 36 right hindlimb transplantations were performed. Median time for onset of rejection was 6,6 days in animals without immunosuppression, 34 days receiving cyclosporine A and metilprednisolone, 58 days receiving FK506 short course and 77.75 days in the long course group. The FK506 groups presented survival time of the allograft longer than the cyclosporine A and metilprednisolone, and the FK506 long course was the most efficient among the three treatments preventing rejection. The mortality of the animal was increased in the cyclosporine A and metilprednisolone compared to the FK506 groups...

Sobrevida del injerto en los primeros 100 trasplantes renales del Hospital Carlos Van Buren / Survival of grafts in the first 100 renal transplants at the Carlos Van Buren hospital in Chile

Background: Renal transplant is the best therapeutic alternative for chronic renal failure, although it is not exempt of risks. Aim: To report the survival of renal transplant recipients and grafts and the main complications at a public hospital in Chile. Patients and methods: This is a non experimental, open historical cohort study, with reposition of the first 100 transplants in 94 patients, performed at the Carlos van Buren Hospital between 1984 and 1998. Seventy grafts came from cadaveric donors and 30 from live donors. As immunosuppressive therapy, prednisone + azathioprine was used in 48 transplants and the same regimen plus cyclosporine in 52. Results: Mean age of recipients was 36 ñ 23 years old. Ten years actuarial survival of patients was 80.5 percent in transplants from cadaveric donors and 86 percent in transplants from live donors. Ten years graft survival was 57.5 percent in transplants from cadaveric donors and 42 percent in transplants from live donors. The period in which the transplant was performed (first or second half of the observation period), type of donor, HLA B-DR compatibility and sensitization ( percent PRA) had no effect on survival. Twenty five subjects lost their graft, 12 due to acute steroid resistant rejection, 10 due to chronic graft nephropathy and three due to renal artery thrombosis. Fifteen subjects died with a functioning graft, 10 due to infections, two due to an acute myocardial infarction, two due to an acute pancreatitis and one due to a brain tumor. Conclusions: Survival of grafts and renal transplant recipients was not influenced by the type of donor, period of transplantation and immune variables. Main causes of recipient death were infections and the main cause of graft failure was acute rejection

Trasplante de células de cordón umbilical

El trasplante de médula ósea ha demostrado su eficacia en diferentes patologías inmunológicas y hematopoyéticas. Se ha demostrado que las células de cordón umbilical como fuente de células progenitoras para trasplante alogénico en niños son de gran eficacia con menores complicaciones de tipo reacción de injertocontra huésped y mayores posibilidades para encontrar donantes HLA compatibles. La mayoría de los trasplantes que se han llevado a cabo con células de cordón umbilical han sido con donantes HLA idénticos intrafamiliares, sin embargo, el interés en este procedimiento es su gran potencial como fuente para donantes no relacionados. El uso de células de cordón umbilical implica el desarrollo de bancos de almacenamiento. Esta es una revisión de la experiencia clínica internacional, la composición de las células de cordón, los métodos de recolección y control de calidad.

Técnicas de reconstrucción biliar en el trasplante ortotópico de hígado / Biliary reconstruction in liver transplants

Se presentan 78 reconstrucciones biliares en trasplantes hepáticos ortotópicos. En 37 casos fueron hepático yeyunostomías en Y de Roux, y en 41 casos colédoco anastomosis término terminal. El índice de complicaciones biliares fue del 15 por ciento, asentando en la línea anastomótica solamente en el 3,8 por ciento. No hubo mortalidad ni pérdida de injerto por complicaciones biliares sin trombosis de la arteria hepática subyacente. Las reconstrucciones biliares en el trasplante de hígado son altamente efectivas, y los principios técnicos descriptos pueden ser utilizados para la reparación de vía biliar en otras situaciones

Organización y funcionamiento del primer banco de piel en Argentina, oficialmente autorizado / Organize and function skin banks officially authorized in Argentina

Desde principios de este siglo aparecen en la bibliografía internacional publicaciones relacionadas con la conservación de piel para su empleo como homoinjertos en el tratamiento de las quemaduras graves. A partir de la década del 50 se encuentran datos referidos a la posibilidad de organizar bancos para el almacenamiento de piel. A partir de 1980 se elaboran protocolos detallados para el procesamiento, almacenaje y ulterior empleo de la piel conservada. En nuestro país, la Fundación del Quemado Fortunato Benaim ha podido concretar la instalación de un Banco de Piel que se ajusta a los requisitos internacionales y es el primero oficialmente autorizado en la Argentina por el INCUCAI, de acuerdo con las disposiciones emanadas de la Ley de Ablación de Implante de Organos y Tejidos