The influence of septal lesions on sodium and water retention induced by Walker 256 tumor

In the course of studies on the effects of septal area lesions on neuroimmunomodulation and Walker 256 tumor development, it was observed that tumor-induced sodium and water retention was less marked in lesioned than in non-lesioned rats. In the present study possible mechanisms involved in this phenomenon were investigated. The experiments were performed in septal-lesioned (LW; N = 15) and sham-operated (SW; N = 7) 8-week-old male Wistar rats, which received multifocal simultaneous subcutaneous (sc) inoculations of Walker 256 tumor cells about 30 days after the stereotaxic surgery. Control groups (no tumor, sham-operated food-restricted (SFR), N = 7) and lesioned food-restricted (LFR, N = 10) were subjected to a feeding pattern similar to that observed in tumor-bearing animals. Multifocal inoculation of Walker 256 tumor rapidly induces anorexia, which is paradoxically accompanied by an increase in body weight, as a result of renal Na+ and fluid retention. These effects of the tumor were also seen in LW rats, although the rise in fractional sodium balance during the early clinical period was significantly smaller than in SW rats (day 4: SW = 47.6 = 6.4 percent and LW = 13.8 = 5.2 percent; day 5: SW = 57.5 = 3.5 percent and LW = 25.7 = 4.8 percent; day 6: SW = 54.4 = 3.8 percent and LW = 32.1 = 4.4 percent; P<0.05), suggesting a temporary reduction in tumor-induced sodium retention. In contrast, urine output was significantly reduced in SW rats and increased in LW rats (LW up to -0.85 and SW up to 4.5 ml/100 g body weight), with no change in osmolar excretion. These temporary changes in the tumor's effects on LW rats may reflect a "reversal" of the secondary central antidiuretic response induced by the tumor (from antidiuretic to diuretic)

Opposing effects of quinacrine and chloroquine on the development of TA3 transplanted tumors in mice

Both quinacrine and chloroquine had been used as antimalarial agents. Furthermore, antineoplastic and antiviral effects have been described for quinacrine, while chloroquine has been described to induce viral replication and promote tumor growth. To search for differences in the growing rate of transplanted tumors, chloroquine or quinacrine were administered orally to AJ mice from 30 days previous to the inoculation of TA3 transplantable tumor cells, treatment being continued up to the end of the experiment. A control group, transplanted with tumor cells received tap drinking water. Marked differences between the three groups were found. Quinacrine had antitumoral effect, while chloroquine promoted a faster tumoral growth than controls. (p < 0.01). Results suggest caution in the use of chloroquine, because it might have a similar promoting effect on human neoplasia