Infectivity of trichomonas vaginalis pseudocysts inoculated intra-vaginally in mice

In addition to the trophozoite, pseudocyst is another morphological form which is recently identified among genitourinary trichomonads. Although, this pseudocyst is competent to divide, its role in Trichomonas life cycle has not yet been confirmed. In this study the ability of intra-vaginally inoculated T. vaginalis pseudocysts to induce trichomoniasis in infected mice was evaluated in comparison to the trophozoites. Pseudocysts formation was induced by using thermal-freezing cycle method. The infectivity of the pseudocysts was proved by the presence of T. vaginalis parasite in mice's vaginal washes inoculated in vitro. SEM proved that the pseudocysts withstood on vaginal tissue for 72 hours post infection without any morphological changes. Although the histopathological studies using H and E, PAS and cathepsin D stain proved that there were no differences could be found between trophozoites and pseudocysts in onset of infection, but the pseudocyst had higher infectivity and invasive effects than the trophozoite. So, T. vaginalis pseudocyst is an active form that can induce trichomoniasis

Comparison between trichmonas vaginalis symptomatic and asymptomatic isolates effects in intravaginally infected rats

In this study, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes of the posterior vaginal fornix's and upper portion of the vagina were compared on rats infected with symptomatic and asymptomatic human isolates. Eighteen symptomatic and asymptomatic female isolates were used [nine/ each]. Two groups of infected female rats were included in this study [3 rats /isolate]. The results showed that there were no differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic isolates in histopathological changes; T. vaginalis of both isolates adhered to PAS epithelial cells at the surface and traversed under these cells. Both isolates were PAS and cathepsn D positive. By scanning electron microscopy many of T. vaginalis of the isolates adhered to microvilli of the epithelium cells in the same manner. Transmission electron microscopy proved that both isolates used the pseudopodia to adhere to the vagina upper part cells. The experimental infections did not differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic human isolates regarding histopathological and immunohistochemical changes

Trichomoniasis / Trichomoniasis

Las trichomonas vaginales fueron descritas por primera vez por Donné en 1836, pero no es hasta 1950 que es relacionada con las enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Trichomonas vaginalis es el más sencillo de todos los parásitos protozoos. Sólo existe en forma de trofozoito. Es unicelular y cosmopolita y se localiza en el tracto genitourinario de la mujer y el hombre. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) se tiene un estimado anual de 180 000000 de personas afectadas en el planeta. Se asocia con cervicitis, colpitis, enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica y uretritis. Además de haberse encontrado relación con resultados perinatales desfavorables como: bajo peso al nacer, parto pretermino y sepsis perinatal. Otro aspecto de interes es su asociación con otras enfermedades de transmisión sexual, como las moniliasis, las vaginosis bacterianas, infecciones por HPV, VIH SIDA y papiloma virus. Muchos han sido los medios de diagnóstico utilizados para este protozoos desde las escuelas que la diagnóstican y tratan por la clínica hasta otro que han ido mas allá de los medios convencionales de diagnóstico y han creado clip de diagnósticos rápidos. Igualmente se han probado varios tipos de tratamientos, pero los que mejor resultados han dado son los que se logran con tratamientos con los 5 imidazoles; no obstante, hay ya evidencias que reportan pobres resultados perinatológicos en los casos que se trata la entidad, sobre todo si es en las formas asintomáticas