Assessing the growth of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) (Linnaeus, 1758) in four salinities, under experimental conditions / Avaliando o crescimento do Charr Ártico (Salvelinus alpinus) (Linnaeus, 1758) em quatro salinidades, sob condições experimentais

Abstract Studies in Salvelinus alpinus, Arctic charr, indicate that it has a low capacity to hyposmorregulatory or adaption to sea in winter periods in Arctic waters. The investigation finds to determinate the rank optimum of salinity to can cultivate this species at Chile. The weight adequate was determined to join on the sea by analysis of gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, that it was found between the ranks 80-130 g, with 14.5 U/mg. It underwent evaluation of fish growth of 72 g salinities from 0 (control), 18, 25 and 33 g/L (sea water) for 94 days. The results indicate that the largest increases were obtained in brackish water. T18 g/L and T25 g/L achieved growth of 25% and 19% on day 94 and term sampling respectively. It is important to mention that the 8% that survived in seawater introduced percentages growth 16.6% equivalent to brackish water and control. These results suggest that Salvelinus alpinus can grow in seawater, with levels of Na+, K+-ATPase similar to those submitted by Salmo salar with a weight not less than 80 g.

Resumo Estudos em Salvelinus alpinus, Charr Ártico, indicam que tem baixa capacidade de hiposmorregulação ou adaptação ao mar em períodos de inverno nas águas do Ártico. A investigação determina o melhor nível de salinidade para cultivar esta espécie no Chile. Determinou-se o peso adequado para se unir ao mar pela análise da atividade da Na +, K + -ATPase das brânquias, que foi encontrada entre as faixas de 80 a 130 g, com 14,5 U/mg. Foi avaliado o crescimento de 72 g salinidades de 0 (controle), 18, 25 e 33 g/L (água do mar) por 94 dias. Os resultados indicam que os maiores aumentos foram obtidos em água salobra. T18 g/L e T25 g/L alcançaram crescimento de 25% e 19% no dia 94 e amostragem a termo, respectivamente. É importante mencionar que os 8% que sobreviveram na água do mar apresentaram percentuais de crescimento de 16,6% equivalentes a água salobra e controle. Estes resultados sugerem que o Salvelinus alpinus pode crescer em água do mar, com níveis de Na +, K + -ATPase semelhantes aos apresentados por Salmo salar com um peso não inferior a 80 g.

K+ balance in rainbow trout gill and liver tissue, cell suspensions and cultured cells

Both intact gill and liver tissue from rainbow trout accumulated K+, as determined by 86Rb+ uptake, a process largely inhibited by ouabain, indicating the presence of functional NaKATPase. Cell suspensions, produced by disaggregation of gill or liver tissues, accumulated very little K+ compared to tissues (Less than 10 percent). Disaggregation resulted in depolarisation of cells with loss of intracellular K+ and although NaKATPase, as measured by 86Rb+ uptake rate, remained functional and inhabitable by ouabain, the activity was insufficient to replace the rapid K+ loss. While attached, cultured gill and liver cells showed normal K+/Na+ ratios and NaKATPase activity, but release from the substratum resulted in depolarisation and rapid K+ loss as seen in cell suspensions. These results suggest that care is required in interpreting ionic regulatory and other results from cell suspensions and that further research should be directed towards systems where cells can maintain normal ionic balance.

The importance of employing homologous serum free of thyronines in radioimmunoassays to assess circulating thyroid hormones in rainbow trout

A pesar de ser abundante, la información relacionada con los valores de tironinas circulantes en la trucha arcoiris, es confusa. El presente estudio demuestra la importancia de mantener especies sero-homólgoas durante la medición de tironinas con RIE para eviatar falsos resultados. La utilización de suero homólogo (trucha) libre de tironinas en la curva estándar permite la estandarización de radioinmunoensayos exactos y específcos para cuantificar los niveles circulates de T3 y T4 en 10 microl de suero de trucha arcoiris. El límite de detección fue de 50 pg para ambas tironinas. Los coeficientes de variación inter e intra ensayo fueron menores al 10 por ciento. Los valores promedio para T3 y T4 + - DEM en la población de truchas estudiadas (n=34) fueron 23.6 + - 1.2 y 12.0 + - 2.3 ng/ml respectivamente. Se obsevó una correlación positiva y significativa (p < 0.005) entre el peso corporal y T3 confirmando la participación activa de esta tironina en el proceso de crecimiento.