Tumor de Pott / Pott´s Puffy tumor

Tumor de Pott (Pott‘s Puffy tumor) é uma comorbidade caracterizada por um ou mais abscessos sub-periosteais do osso frontal associados a osteomielite subjacente. As etiologias incluem trauma e sinusite, entre outras. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 17 anos que se apresentou com abaulameto doloroso, calor local e flutuação na região frontal à direita há um mês, bem como cefaléia holocraniana e hipertermia. O diagnóstico de Tumor de Pott como uma complicação de uma sinusite frontal foi estabelecido pela clínica e confirmado por tomografia computadorizada de crânio. Foi tratada com sucesso com esquema inicial de amoxicilina mais clavulanato, o qual foi substituído por ciprofloxacina, associados à craniotomia, com craniectomia do osso acometido. Esta é uma doença que por ser infreqüente muitas vezes não é diagnosticada. Deste modo enfatizamos o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces como forma de evitar seqüelas neurológicas.

Pott‘s Puffy Tumor is a comorbidity characterized by one or multiple subperiosteal abscesses of the frontal bone associated with underlying osteomyelitis. Etiologies include trauma and sinusitis among others. Here we report the case of a 17-year-old female patient with painful bulging, local heat, and fluctuation in the frontal region on the right for a month, as well as holocranial headache and hyperthermia. The diagnosis of Pott‘s Puffy Tumor as a complication of frontal sinusitis was clinically established and confirmed by computerized tomography of the skull. It was successfully initially treated with amoxicilin + clavunate, followed by ciprofloxacin, combined with craniotomy and craniectomy of the affected bone. Because of its rarity, this disorder often goes underdiagnosed. Thus we emphasize an early diagnosis and treatment so as to avoid neurological sequels.

Multiple Intracranial Tuberculomas Mimicking Granulocytic Sarcomas in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

The diagnosis of incracranial tuberculoma in immune-compromised hosts is often difficult because conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of tuberculoma reveals various findings and neurologic symptoms are not typical. Here, we report a case of a 54-yr old man with multiple intracranial tuberculoma who was treated for acute myeloid leukemia. He complained of right-side paresthesia after the third consolidation chemotherapy without leukemic relapse and fever. MR imaging of the brain showed multiple ring-enhanced lesions in the cerebrum, cerebellar hemisphere, and pons. The lesions appeared to mimic a metastatic tumor or abscess. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed no abnormal cells, but the level of adenosine deaminase was elevated (28.8 IU/L, normal 0-8). Stereotactic brain biopsy was performed, but only reactive gliosis was observed. To confirm diagnosis, an open brain biopsy was performed. The histopathology demonstrated chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis. Tuberculous-polymerase chain reaction of the biopsy showed a positive result. He was treated with anti-tuberculosis medication and a high dose of steroid. Paresthesia improved, and follow-up brain MR imaging showed the decreased size and numbers of ring-enhanced lesions and improvement of perilesional edema 1 month after treatment. Here, we report on an interesting case of intracranial tuberculoma in acute myeloid leukemia.

Tuberculoma cerebral con clínica pseudo tumoral: reporte de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Intracranial tuberculoma with pseudotumoral clinic: case report and review

El tuberculoma cerebral es una causa rara de masa intracraneal, encontrándose en el 15 por ciento a 30 por ciento de los casos de TBC del SNC; su diseminación es por vía hematógena, principalmente de un foco primario pulmonar, siendo mayor su localización en los hemisferios cerebrales. Ocurren a cualquier edad, siendo más frecuentes en niños y en adultos jóvenes. El curso de la enfermedad es subagudo o crónico y la duración es de semanas a meses, siendo los signos y síntomas más frecuentes de los tuberculomas cerebrales en adultos la cefalea, las convulsiones y el papiledema. El diagnóstico se basa las características clínicas, alteraciones del líquido cefalorraquídeo y características imagenológicas. El tratamiento de elección es de tipo médico, reservándose el tratamiento quirúrgico cuando fracasa la terapia farmacológica o cuando hay incremento de la presión intracraneal. Se presenta a continuación el caso de una paciente de 73 años de edad, que consulta por Epilepsia Tardía con crisis Parciales Simples Motoras de 4 meses de evolución, cuyo estudio imagenológico con TAC y RNM que evidenció proceso expansivo yuxtadural parietal parasagital izquierdo con cola dural en proyecciones sagitales, lo que lo hizo altamente sospechoso de Meningioma. Se realiza exéresis del 95 por ciento del tumor quedando masa tumoral adyacente al seno longitudinal superior. Biopsia diferida informó proceso inflamatorio crónico granulomatoso, caseoso (tuberculosa manejándose con tratamiento antituberculoso según normas infectológicas.

Tuberculoma of the brain is rare cause of space occupying lesions, accounting for 15 to 30 percent of the patients with central nervous tuberculosis. The spread is usually give by a pulmonary primary focus with a secondary hematogenic disemination and the brain location is mostly hemispheric. It occurs frequently in childrens and young adults. The most frequents manifestations of tuberculoma in adults are headache, seizures and papiledema with a duration of the symptoms from weeks to months. The diagnosis is based on the clinical characteristics, the study of the cerebrospinal fluid and the findings in imagenologic study. The treatment is principally medical and the surgical approach due to be consider in the cases when there is a failure in the initial medical treatment or evidence of a raising intracranial pressure. We present a case of a 73 years old female who develop a late convulsive syndrome characterized by partial motor crisis of 4 months of duration with a imagenologic study that shows in the scan tomography and the MRI a left parietal space occupying lesion with the sign of a dural tail in sagital projection making highly suspicious the diagnosis of meningioma. We made a surgical excision with a parietal craniotomy of 95 percent of the lesion with a minimal remanent near to the superior sagital sinus. The histopathological examination reveled a chronic inflammatory granulomatous and caseous tissue (tuberculoma) and the patient had to be treated with antituberculouse drugs according to national standard.

Isolated "one and a half syndrome" with brainstem tuberculoma.

A seldom reported causal association of two rare entities, an isolated brainstem tuberculoma and an isolated One and a half syndrome in a 12 year old girl is presented. MRI showed an isolated inflammatory granuloma in the brainstem which on empirical treatment with anti tubercular drugs resulted in complete restoration of ocular motility, along with resolution of the lesion on follow up MRI at 6 months. The diagnosis and management are discussed.

Isolated ring-enhancing lesion of the brainstem in a patient with cyanotic heart disease: role of stereotactic intervention.

A 23-year-old man with cyanotic heart disease, presented with a ring-enhancing mass in the brainstem. Stereotactic intervention for this clinically and radiologically diagnosed pyogenic abscess, revealed a tuberculoma. Antituberculous therapy led to complete recovery. Stereotactic intervention is an ideal management strategy in patients with cyanotic heart disease and an isolated ring-enhancing mass in the brainstem.

Intrasellar tuberculoma presenting as pituitary apoplexy.

The combination of apoplectic symptoms and a sellar mass most often points to a diagnosis of a pituitary adenoma. Sellar tuberculomas are not considered as a cause of 'pituitary apoplexy' and there has been no radiological documentation of haemorrhage associated with them. We report a 27 years old man who presented with 3 previous episodes of pituitary apoplexy. CT scan showed evidence of a sellar mass with haemorrhage. Transsphenoidal biopsy of the intrasellar mass was reported as 'tuberculoma'. The patient had marked reduction in the size of the lesion following antituberculous therapy with no recurrence of symptoms. Intrasellar tuberculomas must be considered as one of the differential diagnosis when patients present with a pituitary apoplexy.

Suprasellar tuberculoma presenting with diabetes insipidus and hypothyroidism--a case report.

Suprasellar tuberculomas are exceptionally rare and are even rarer in children. A case of suprasellar tuberculoma in a five year old male child who presented with diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism and visual field defect is described. Deranged CSF parameters, imaging findings of a suprasellar rounded, peripherally enhancing lesion with thickening of the pituitary stalk, led to an accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis. The patient responded well to antituberculous treatment and an unnecessary surgery was avoided.

Magnetic resonance imaging in childhood epilepsy.

One hundred and seventy children of chronic seizures with strong clinical suspicion of an underlying intracranial lesion as its cause were studied by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Maximum number of patients were between 6-12 years, males outnumbering females. Structural abnormalities were seen in 158 of the 170 patients. The study revealed tuberculoma as the commonest lesion in this series (n = 64) followed by cysticercosis (n = 27). Three patients were seen to have glioma. An interesting finding was disappearing lesion in 6 children. MRI proved to be an excellent modality in demonstrating and characterising the intracranial lesion.