Case report: Buschke-Löwenstein tumor in a non-immunosuppressed patient

The present work aims to report a case of Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (BLT), which is a mass of genital warts that usually affects immunosuppressed people. The reported case was diagnosed in a young patient with no known immunosuppression. Several tests were performed to confirm the diagnostic hypothesis, including immunohistochemistry, histological, molecular and imaging analysis. The results obtained were confirmatory in all analyses, except in the molecular one. Because BLT is a rare condition, there is still great literary heterogeneity regarding the ideal treatment, but some options can be considered, such as excision and radiotherapy. (AU)

Buschke-Loewenstein tumor: a case series from Brazil / Tumor de Buschke-Loewenstein: uma série de casos brasileira

Buschke-Loewenstein Tumor or giant condyloma acuminatum is a disease caused by a DNA virus, the self-inoculable human papilloma virus (HPV), being sexually transmitted. Histologically BLT is a benign tumor, but with malignant clinical behavior and a high propensity for local recurrence and malignant degeneration. The clinical picture consists of the presence of a cauliflower-like bulky condylomatous perianal mass with multiple fistulous tracts, which can cause great destruction of the anal canal, with invasion of adjacent tissues. Bleeding, foul odor, local pain and weight loss are also described. The diagnosis is established by biopsy, that should exclude the presence of malignant transformation, which occurs in 30-50% of cases. Associated with a biopsy, the hybridization test may be performed to diagnose HPV infection, especially subtypes 6 and 11, that are commonly related. The treatment of choice is radical surgical excision; however, those patients presenting with extensive fistulous lesions may require a temporary colostomy. Some authors advocate an abdominoperineal resection in cases of infiltration of the sphincter or rectum. This study was designed to evaluate the experience of the service of Coloproctology at a referral hospital in Northeastern Brazil with this rare entity, contributing to world literature in addressing this disease. (AU)

Tumor de Buschke-Loewenstein ou condiloma acuminado gigante é uma doença causada por um vírus de DNA, o papilomavírus humano (HPV), auto-inoculável, sendo transmi-tido sexualmente. Histologicamente, são tumores benignos, porém, de comportamento clínico maligno, apresentando alta propensão à recorrência local e a degeneração maligna. O quadro clínico consiste na presença de uma volumosa massa condilomatosa perianal, com aspecto de couve-flor, com numerosos trajetos fistulosos, podendo provocar grande destruição do canal anal e invasão dos tecidos adjacentes. Sangramento, odor fétido, dor local e perda ponderal são também descritos. O diagnóstico é feito por biópsia, que deve afastar a presença de transformação maligna, que ocorre em 30-50% dos casos. Associado à biópsia, pode ser realizado um teste de hibridização para diagnosticar a infecção por HPV, principalmente os subtipos 6 e 11 que são comumente relacionados. O tratamento de escolha é a excisão cirúrgica radical, entretanto, os pacientes que apresentam lesão extensa com fístula, podem requerer colostomia temporária. Alguns autores advogam a amputação abdominoperineal do reto nos casos de infiltração dos esfíncteres ou do reto. O estudo foi designado para se avaliar a experiência do serviço de coloproctologia de um hospital de referência no Nordeste brasileiro com esta rara entidade, contribuindo com a literatura mundial na abordagem desta enfermidade. (AU)

Buschke–Lowenstein Tumor in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patient: A Rare Case Report.

Buschke–Lowenstein tumor, otherwise known as giant condyloma acuminata, presents as an asymptomatic, papillomatous growth on the genitalia or the perianal area that grows to a large size. A 28 year old male HIV seropositive patient presented to outpatient department clinic with complaint of large painfull mass in pubic, peno-scrotal & anogenital region with pus, bleeding and fetid odour since 1 year Histopathological examination revealed hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis & papillomatosis. A wide surgical excision was performed with removal of 80% of tumor and for rest of the tumor podophyllin 20% was prescribed.

Condiloma acuminado gigante (tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein) / Giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Lowenstein tumor)

Se presenta un paciente masculino de 72 años de edad de la raza blanca, que es remitido al Servicio de Coloproctología por presentar desde hace más de un año, aumento de volumen alrededor del ano que le dificulta la defecación y sentarse. Se han realizado múltiples tratamientos tópicos con resultados no satisfactorios por el servicio de dermatología. Se le realiza estudio histopatológico de la lesión y se obtuvo un condiloma acuminado gigante (tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein). Se ha dado seguimiento sin presentarse hasta el momento recurrencia. El tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein es una entidad rara, considerada una lesión premaligna provocada por el papiloma virus humano. Hasta el momento no se ha podido encontrar el tratamiento ideal y continúa presentando una alta tasa de recurrencia(AU)

This case report presented a 72 years-old Caucasian patient, who was referred to the Coloproctology Service because of increased volume around his anus that made it difficult for him to defecate and to sit down. He had followed several topical treatments prescribed by the dermatology service with unsatisfactory results. The lesion was histopathologically studied and the final diagnosis was giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Lowenstein tumor). The patient was followed up and no recurrence has been so far observed. Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a rare entity, being considered as a premalignant lesion caused by human papillomavirus. The ideal treatment ha not been yet found and it remains a disease of high rate of recurrence(AU)