A distensibilidade da veia jugular interna parece ser uma alternativa à distensibilidade da veia cava inferior para avaliar a responsividade a fluidos / Right internal jugular vein distensibility appears to be a surrogate marker for inferior vena cava vein distensibility for evaluating fluid responsiveness

RESUMOObjetivo:Investigar se a variação respiratória no diâmetro da veia cava inferior (ΔDVCI) e no diâmetro da veia jugular interna direita (ΔDVJID) se correlacionam em pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica.Métodos:Estudo clínico prospectivo realizado em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário. Foram incluídos 39 pacientes mecanicamente ventilados e com instabilidade hemodinâmica. Os valores da variação do diâmetro da veia cava inferior e da variação do diâmetro da veia jugular interna direita foram avaliados por meio de ecografia. A distensibilidade da veia foi calculada como a razão de (A) Dmin - Dmax/Dmin e (B) Dmax - Dmin/média de Dmax - Dmin, e expressa como porcentagem.Resultados:Com ambos os métodos, observou-se correlação entre a variação do diâmetro da veia cava inferior e a variação do diâmetro da veia jugular interna direita: (A) r = 0,34, p = 0,04 e (B) r = 0,51, p = 0,001. Utilizando o ponto de corte de 18% para indicar responsividade a fluidos na variação do diâmetro da veia cava inferior, pelo o método (A), 16 pacientes foram considerados responsivos e 35 medições mostraram concordância (Kappa ponderado = 0,80). A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,951 (IC95% 0,830 - 0,993; valor de corte = 18,92). Usando 12% como ponto de corte para a variação do diâmetro da veia cava inferior para indicar capacidade de resposta a fluidos, pelo método (B), 14 pacientes foram responsivos e 32 medições mostraram concordância (Kappa ponderado = 0,65). A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,903 (IC95% 0,765 - 0,973; valor de corte = 11,86).Conclusão:As variações respiratórias nas dimensões da veia cava inferior e da veia jugular interna direita se correlacionaram e mostraram concordância significativa. Avaliação da distensibilidade da veia jugular interna direita parece ser uma alternativa à distensibilidade da veia cava inferior para avaliar a responsividade a fluidos.

ABSTRACTObjective:To investigate whether the respiratory variation of the inferior vena cava diameter (∆DIVC) and right internal jugular vein diameter (∆DRIJ) are correlated in mechanically ventilated patients.Methods:This study was a prospective clinical analysis in an intensive care unit at a university hospital. Thirty-nine mechanically ventilated patients with hemodynamic instability were included. ∆DIVC and ∆DRIJ were assessed by echography. Vein distensibility was calculated as the ratio of (A) Dmax - Dmin/Dmin and (B) Dmax - Dmin/ mean of Dmax - Dmin and expressed as a percentage.Results:∆DIVC and ∆DRIJ were correlated by both methods: (A) r = 0.34, p = 0.04 and (B) r = 0.51, p = 0.001. Using 18% for ∆DIVC, indicating fluid responsiveness by method (A), 16 patients were responders and 35 measurements showed agreement (weighted Kappa = 0.80). The area under the ROC curve was 0.951 (95%CI 0.830 - 0.993; cutoff = 18.92). Using 12% for ∆DIVC, indicating fluid responsiveness by method (B), 14 patients were responders and 32 measurements showed agreement (weighted Kappa = 0.65). The area under the ROC curve was 0.903 (95%CI 0.765 - 0.973; cut-off value = 11.86).Conclusion:The respiratory variation of the inferior vena cava and the right internal jugular veins are correlated and showed significant agreement. Evaluation of right internal jugular vein distensibility appears to be a surrogate marker for inferior vena cava vein distensibility for evaluating fluid responsiveness.

Cerebral Oxygenation during Laparoscopic Surgery: Jugular Bulb versus Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation

PURPOSE: We hypothesized that regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) could replace jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjvO2) in the steep Trendelenburg position under pneumoperitoneum. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between SjvO2 and rSO2 during laparoscopic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After induction of anesthesia, mechanical ventilation was controlled to increase PaCO2 from 35 to 45 mm Hg in the supine position, and the changes in SjvO2 and rSO2 were measured. Then, after establishment of pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position, ventilation was controlled to maintain a PaCO2 at 35 mm Hg and the CO2 step and measurements were repeated. The changes in SjvO2 (rSO2) -CO2 reactivity were compared in the supine position and Trendelenburg-pneumoperitoneum condition, respectively. RESULTS: There was little correlation between SjvO2 and rSO2 in the supine position (concordance correlation coefficient=0.2819). Bland-Altman plots showed a mean bias of 8.4% with a limit of agreement of 21.6% and -4.7%. SjvO2 and rSO2 were not correlated during Trendelenburg-pneumoperitoneum condition (concordance correlation coefficient=0.3657). Bland-Altman plots showed a mean bias of 10.6% with a limit of agreement of 23.6% and -2.4%. The SjvO2-CO2 reactivity was higher than rSO2-CO2 reactivity in the supine position and Trendelenburg-pneumoperitoneum condition, respectively (0.9+/-1.1 vs. 0.4+/-1.2% mm Hg-1, p=0.04; 1.7+/-1.3 vs. 0.5+/-1.1% mm Hg-1, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: There is little correlation between SjvO2 and rSO2 in the supine position and Trendelenburg-pneumoperitoneum condition during laparoscopic surgery.