Xeroderma pigmentoso: clínica, tratamento e geneterapia / Xeroderma pigmentosum

O xeroderma pigmentoso é uma genodermatose caracterizada por um reparo inadequado de lesões do DNA, ocasionado pela radiação ultravioleta, com conseqüente desenvolvimento de alterações cutâneas, oftálmicas e neurológicas, além de alta incidência de melanomas em crianças. As alterações clínicas são progressivas e aumentam em número em proporção direta à exposição aos raios UV, obrigando os pacientes a estarem totalmente protegidos de qualquer exposição à luz solar. Os autores apresentam o tratamento clínico e as novas e promissoras abordagens terapêuticas e da geneterapia, bem como a classificação clínica dos grupos genéticos.

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a genodermotosis triggered by the inadequate repair of DNA lesions caused by ultraviolet radiation, with the subsequent development of ophthalmic, neurologic, and skin changes, as well as a high incidence of melanoma cases in children. Clinical changes have a progressive pattern, and skin lesions increase in number in the same proportion as UV exposure, forcing patients to protect themselves from any sunlight radiation. Medical treatment, along with the new and promising therapeutic approaches, including gene therapy, are presented in this paper, as well as the clinical classification of the genetic groups.

Case of xeroderma pigmentosum with well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the eye.

A seven year old female child presented with complaints of increased freckling over the face since the age of two years and a rapidly growing mass over the right eye. She underwent excisional biopsy of the mass over the eye which on histopathological examination was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma.