Effect of moderate ethanol administration on biochemical indices in streptozotocin-diabetic Wistar rats / Efecto de la administración moderada de etanol sobre los índices bioqumicos en ratas Wistar diabéticas por estreptozotocina

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of moderate ethanol administration on the biochemical indices in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. Groups one and two contained non-diabetic normal rats and normal rats treated with ethanol, respectively. Group three was untreated STZ-diabetic rats and group four was made up of ethanol-treated STZ-diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (35 mg/kg), while ethanol (10%v/v) was given at a dose 2 g/kg thrice per week for three weeks. After the last dose of ethanol and an overnight fasting, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was collected by syringe from the heart into plain centrifuge tubes. RESULTS: Moderate ethanol administration to STZ-diabetic rats caused a significant (p < 0. 05) increase in relative weight of liver relative to normal. Ethanol intake in STZ-diabetic rats produced an insignificant (p > 0. 05) effect on the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c rrelative to the untreated-diabetic group. Moderately, ethanol administration to STZ-diabetic rats produced a marked and significant (p < 0. 05) increase in the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and the activities of alanine aminotransferase relative to untreated diabetic rats. Ethanol-treated diabetic rats had significantly (p < 0. 05) lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels, while the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and α-amylase were insignificantly (p > 0. 05) affected. There were no significant (p > 0. 05) differences in all the biochemical indices in normal rats relative to ethanol-treated normal rats. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate ethanol administration did not affect FBG and HbA1c , but altered the lipid profile of STZ-diabetic rats. Moderate ethanol intake may further increase the risk of complications in diabetes.

OBJETIVO: Este estudio se diseñó con el propósito de evaluar el efecto del uso de etanol moderado sobre los índices bioquímicos en ratas Wistar diabéticas por estreptozotocina (STZ). MÉTODOS: Veinticuatro ratas Wistar machos fueron divididas en cuatro grupos de seis animales cada uno. Dos de los grupos tenían ratas normales no diabéticas y ratas normales tratadas con etanol, respectivamente. El tercer grupo estaba formado por ratas diabéticas por STZ no tratadas, y el cuarto por ratas diabéticas por STZ tratadas con etanol. La diabetes fue inducida mediante una inyección intraperitoneal de STZ (35 mg/kg), mientras que el etanol (10% v/v) fue administrado en dosis de 2 g/kg tres veces por semana durante tres semanas. Tras la última dosis de etanol y un ayuno de una noche, las ratas fueron sacrificadas mediante dislocación cervical. La sangre fue recogida del corazón con jeringuillas e introducida en tubos para centrífuga sin graduación. RESULTADOS: La administración moderada de etanol a ratas diabéticas por STZ, causó un aumento significativo (p < 0.05) en el peso relativo del hígado con relación al normal. La ingestión de etanol en ratas diabéticas por STZ tuvo un efecto insignificante (p > 0.05) en los niveles de glucosa en sangre en ayuno (GSA) y HbA1c en relación con grupos diabéticos no tratados. En medida moderada, la administración de etanol a ratas diabéticas por STZ produjo un aumento marcado y significativo (p < 0.05) en los niveles de colesterol total en suero, triglicéridos, el colesterol asociado con las lipoproteínas de baja densidad, o colesterol LDL, y la actividad de la aminotransferasa alanina en relación con las ratas diabéticas no tratadas. Las ratas diabéticas tratadas con etanol tuvieron niveles significativamente disminuidos de colesterol asociado con las lipoproteínas de alta densidad, o colesterol HDL, en tanto que la actividad del lactato deshidrogenasa y la α-amilasa no fue afectada significativamente (p > 0.05). No hubo diferencias significativas (p > 0.05) en todos los índices bioquímicos en las ratas normales con respecto a las ratas normales tratadas con etanol. CONCLUSIONES: El suministro moderado de etanol no afectó el GSA ni el HbA1c , pero alteró el perfil lípido de las ratas diabéticas por STZ. La ingestión moderada de etanol puede aumentar a un más el riesgo de las complicaciones de la diabetes.

Therpay with recombinant interleukin-22 attenuates the development of acute pancreatitis in rats

Acute pancreatitis [AP], especially its sever form, is a potential serious human disease with a limited specific therapy. Here, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy of interleukin-22 [IL-22], a newly emerged cytokine with unique biological activities, in the treatment of a rat model of severe AP induced by caerulein. For disease induction, the animals were intraperitoneally [i.p.] injected with nine doses of caerulein [50 micro g/kg/dose] at 1-h intervals. Recombinant rat IL-22 [rIL-22] was given [4 micro g/rat/dose; i.p.] after the 1[st], 5[th], and 9[th] caerulein injection. Twelve hours after the last caerulein injection, the animals were euthanized under anesthesia and their bloodd specimens and pancreases were collected and examined. Serum levels of pancreatic alpha-amylase and lipase, pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, histopathological feature of induced pancreatic injury, intrapancreatic expression of cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2] and myeloperoxidase [MPO; an index of neutrophils infiltration], and concentrations of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]; monocyte chemotactic protein-1 [MCP-1]; and interleukin-1 beta [IL-1beta] in the serum and pancreatic tissues were collectively analyzed as diagnostic parameters of the induced AP. Results showed that therapy with rIL-22 significantly repressed caerulein-induced severe injury and edema in the pancreatic tissues. Administration of rIL-22 significantly reduced caerulein-evoked substantial hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia, intrapancreatic over-expression of COX-2 and MPO, and the production of proinflammatory mediators [PGE2, MCP-1 and IL-1beta] in the pancreatic tissues and systemic circulation. These biochemical observations were also supported by the histopathological findings. In conclusion, these results indicate the favorable attenuating effect of IL-22 against the development of AP by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent

The application of Reiki in nurses diagnosed with Burnout Syndrome has beneficial effects on concentration of salivary IgA and blood pressure / Uma sessão de Reiki em enfermeiras diagnosticadas com síndrome de Burnout tem efeitos benéficos sobre a concentração de IgA salivar e a pressão arterial / Una sesión de Reiki en enfermeras diagnosticadas con síndrome de Burnout tiene efectos beneficiosos sobre la concentración de IgA salival y la presión arterial

This study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), α-amylase activity and blood pressure levels after the application of a Reiki session in nurses with Burnout Syndrome. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design was conducted to compare the immediate effects of Reiki versus control intervention (Hand-off sham intervention) in nurses with Burnout Syndrome. Sample was composed of eighteen nurses (aged 34-56 years) with burnout syndrome. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a Reiki treatment or a placebo (sham Reiki) treatment, according to the established order in two different days. The ANOVA showed a significant interaction time x intervention for diastolic blood pressure (F=4.92, P=0.04) and sIgA concentration (F=4.71, P=0.04). A Reiki session can produce an immediate and statistically significant improvement in sIgA concentration and diastolic blood pressure in nurses with Burnout Syndrome.

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos imediatos na imunoglobulina A salivar (IgAs), na atividade de α-amilase e na pressão arterial, após uma aplicação de Reiki em enfermeiras que sofrem da síndrome de Burnout. Foi realizado ensaio clínico randomizado duplo-cego e placebo controlado, com desenho cruzado. Dezoito enfermeiras (idade entre 34 e 56 anos), com síndrome de Burnout, participaram do estudo. As participantes receberam tratamento com Reiki ou Reiki falso, de acordo com a ordem estabelecida, através da randomização em dois dias distintos. O teste de Anova mostrou interação significativa entre o momento da intervenção e a pressão arterial diastólica (F=4,92, p=0,04) e os níveis de sIgA (F=4,71, p=0,04). Conclui-se que uma sessão de Reiki de 30 minutos pode melhorar de forma imediata a resposta de IgAs e da pressão arterial diastólica em enfermeiras com síndrome de Burnout.

El objetivo fue investigar los efectos inmediatos en inmunoglobulina A salival (IgAs), actividad de α-amilasa y presión arterial de una aplicación de reiki en enfermeras sufriendo síndrome de Burnout. Se utilizó un ensayo preliminar placebo randomizado con cegamiento doble utilizando un diseño cruzado. Dieciocho enfermeras (edad 34-56) con síndrome de Burnout participaron en el estudio. Las participantes recibieron tratamiento con Reiki o Reiki fingido según el orden establecido por la randomización en dos días distintos. El test de ANOVA mostró un interacción significativa momento intervención para la presión arterial diastólica (F=4.92, P=0.04) a y la concentración de sIgA (F=4.71, P=0.04). Una sesión de Reiki de 30 minutos puede mejorar de manera inmediata la respuesta de IgAs y la presión arterial diastólica en enfermeras con síndrome de Burnout.

Isolation of alpha-amylase isoenzymes in serum and saliva in diabetes mellitus

This research included a study of alpha-amylase isoenzymes in serum and saliva in diabetes mellitus, diabetic group were 100 samples and 80 samples as control group, their ages between [5-55] years. Three methods of isolation for alpha-amylase isoenzymes were studied in this research [gel filtration, anion exchange chromatography and electrophoresis]. By using gel filtration method for isolation alphaamylase isoenzymes in normal serum and saliva, the result of this isolation indicated that serum alpha-amylase [total alpha-amylase] was contained seven isoenzymes while in salivary alpha-amylase there were eight isoenzymes. Eleven isoenzymes for normal and abnormal total serum amylase and six isoenzymes for normal and abnormal salivary amylase were isolated by using anion exchange chromatography. By using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [PAGE], two or more bands and four bands were observed in normal serum and saliva respectively but seven or more bands and six bands were obtained from abnormal serum and saliva respectively