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Abdominal Aorta (AA) is one of the largest artery supplying the abdominal viscera and surrounding structures. With the advent of interventional surgeries the morphometry of AA is to be estimated to avert any dif?culties during such procedures. Studies on morphometric dimensions of AA on the South Indian population are very few. Knowing these parameters is important for interventional radiologists and surgeons during diagnosis and surgery. Morphometry of AA was studied in 50 human cadavers by dissection method to estimate the quantitative morphology of AA in the South Indian population. Various parameters like length, diameter, and distance between the ventral branches of AA were measured and compared with available literature. The length of AA was 12.54�95 cm and the diameter was 11.73 �20 mm in our study. The distance between Coeliac Trunk and Superior Mesenteric Artery was found to be 1.23�35 cm and Superior Mesenteric Artery and Inferior Mesenteric Artery was 6.96�66 cm. Morphometric assessment of AA is essential for navigating through endovascular repairs of abdominal aortic aneurysms. This study was carried out to ?nd the quantitative morphology of AA in the South Indian population.
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AIM To assess the applicability of CPAK classi?cation in Robotic-Assisted Total knee Arthroplasty and analyses its ability to predict soft tissue balance preoperatively. To determine the effectiveness of CPAK classi?cation between kinematic alignment (KA) and mechanical alignment (MA). The usefulness of the CPAK classi?cation was evaluated throughMethods radiographic study of 540 osteoarthritic (OA) knees. The arithmetic HKA (aHKA), which calculates joint line obliquity (JLO) and constitutional limb alignment, is the basis for nine phenotypes that make up CPAK. In a cohort of 540 robotically assisted TKAs assigned to either KA or MA, intraoperative balance was compared within each phenotype. Descriptive analyses of OA groups according to CPAK type and comparisons of balance at 10� of ?exion within each type were the main results. Secondary outcomes evaluated each CPAK type's balance at 45� and 90�. Results CPAK Type I (83.33%) was the most often seen type, followed by Type 3 (5.5%) and Type 9 (11.1%). In our investigation, we did not see the remaining CPAK kinds. In comparison to MA, a higher percentage of KA TKAs across all CPAK types attained optimal balance. In CPAK Type 1 (100% KA vs. 18% MA; p < 0.001), this effect was the greatest and statistically signi?cant, while it was not signi?cant in CPAK Type 3 (71% KA vs. 50% MA). Based on JLO and constitutional alignment, CPAK is a thorough classi?cation system for coronal knee alignment thatConclusion may be used to both healthy and arthritic knees. CPAK determines which knee phenotypes, when soft tissue balance optimization is given priority, may bene?t most from KA. It will also make reporting in subsequent trials consistent.
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Background: Scorpion bites are prevalent in certain regions of India and can lead to systemic complications that may impact the effectiveness of regional anaesthesia. This case series investigates regional anaesthesia failure in patients with a history of scorpion bites at GIMS-Kalaburagi. 50 cases with history of scorpion bite posted for surgical procedure were subjected toMethods: regional anaesthetic procedure for their surgeries from the study, a higher rate of failed spinal anaesthesia 8(16%) among 50 cases andResults: 20(40%) cases needed additional dose or repeated the procedure and failed cases requiring conversion to general anaesthesia. ThisConclusion: case series underscores the potential for regional anaesthesia failure in patients with a history of scorpion bites, suggesting a need for anaesthetic techniques that account for the unique challenges posed by scorpion venom.
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Intimate knowledge of relation of facial nerve to retromandibular vein is vital in order to reduce the postoperative morbidity related to facial nerve injury during surgery. The present study is a descriptive observational study done by dissecting 50 cadavers (100 facial halves). The variations were documented and analysed. Retromandibular vein was related medial to facial nerve in 100% cadavers. These variations in relation of facial nerve to retromandibular vein can explain the different consequences of facial nerve injury, which may occur after various surgeries involving face. Therefore, knowledge of relation of facial nerve to retromandibular vein is essential, if the nerve is to be preserved during surgery.
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Background- This cross sectional study was conducted to correlate the various smile characteristics such as- smile line, smile arcs, lip curvature, gingival exposure and maxillary central incisor exposure with gender in north Indian population. The study was conducted in department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology department at Shree BankeyMaterials and methods- Bihari Dental College & Research Centre, Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 100 research participants were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria out of which 56 were males and 44 were females. To obtain the smile photographs, constant camera settings was used. The collected data were analyzed using Image-J software for sexual dimorphism and forensic identi?cation. Result-Results of this study showed, out of 100 individuals 73 individuals have average smile line followed by low smile line & high smile line. Out of 100 individuals, 67 individuals have have parallel smile arcs followed by ?ate smile arcs & reverse smile arcs. Out of 100 individuals 54 individuals have straight upper lip curvature followed by upward & downward upper lip curvature. Out of 100 individuals 48 have inter proximal gingival exposure followed by no gingival exposure & gingival exposure. Out of 100 individuals 57 individuals have 75% central incisor exposure. Out of 100 individuals 41 individuals showed square shaped incisors followed by rectangular shaped, round shape & triangular shape. Each individual's facial and dental features are unique, making them valuable in forensic dentistry for Conclusion- identi?cation. These distinct traits also play a crucial role in enhancing personalized treatments in aesthetic dentistry.
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Introduction Oral cancer is a major public health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its prevalence is highest in South Asian countries like Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, etc. and is attributed to increased use of tobacco and its products. In India, oral cancer contributes to 50% of all the cancer cases detected. The top priority to reduce the incidence of oral cancer is primary prevention. To prevent Oral Cancer, all the health care providers having accessibility to the oral cavity of a patient needs to have a basic knowledge about its risk factors and early symptoms. This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge regarding the risk factors of oral cancer and screening procedures among the nursing fraternity working in the hospitals of Chennai City. A total of 80Material methods nursing staff were included in the study from various hospitals across Chennai. The Hospitals were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. The sample of nurses was randomly selected from the hospitals and nursing schools. Questionnaires regarding sociodemographic, oral cancer knowledge and pro?ciency were administered. Ward-based nurses working in hospitals across Chennai who are willing to participate in the survey A total of 80 nurses were included in the study; the mean age was 25.6 � Table 1. Considering the quali?cation of theResults study population, it was seen that 71.255 had done their B.Sc. in nursing, and 13.75% had completed their postgraduation. And 1.25% had done their dental hygienist courses. .86.25% of the study population advised patients on the risk factors 13.75% did not inform patients on risk factors.78.75% of them had received oral health care training in their nursing schools, and 21.25% did not receive any training. 55% had training in oral hygiene, 43.75% in oral health education, and 1.25% had received training in cleaning and root canal procedures. In this study, we found that 82.50% of the study population wanted more training in oral health care. 17.50% of them did not want any training programs.Conclusion Oral cancer is the most common cancer in developing countries. reducing the incidence of oral cancer in the population by bringing about awareness on the risk factors and importance of early diagnosis among all health care workers. Nurses' community being the largest among health care workers plays a crucial role. This study shows that further training is needed for nurses on oral care protocols.
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Background Recently, easy availability and over the counter distribution of Topical Corticosteroid creams has led to increase in inappropriate use. Many ointments for cosmetic purpose are utilized by people without knowing their effect, side effects, of these steroids rank ?rst. This not only leads to direct damage to the skin by topical corticosteroid-delete but also leads to dependance on the drug. Many signs and symptoms observed in Topical Corticosteroid damaged facies are similar in various other dermatoses. Dermoscopy offers a means to detection of early signs and proper diagnosis. Early and prompt treatment can lead to reversal and prevents further damage to the skin. To analyze the various features observed in TDSF and correlate with socioeconomic data, potency andAims & Objectives duration of Topical corticosteroid cream used. All patients with history of Topical Corticosteroid cream use over the face or signs andMethods symptoms suggestive of TSDF were included. Sample size-n=40 Detailed history was taken. Dermoscopic examination was done. Results Majority of the patients (92.5%) are females. Most of the patients belonged to 31-40 years of age group and belonged to upper & lower age group. Mometasone was the most commonly used TCS cream used. in 35% of the patient, the TCS were prescribed by Quacks. Brown globules (Hyperpigmentation) was observed in 97.5% of the patients under dermoscope. Most common clinical sign observed was hyperpigmentation
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This study investigates the use of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) in a cohort of young medical personnel newly diagnosed with stage I hypertension. The research, conducted at a tertiary care center, aimed to recon?rm hypertension, assess the prevalence of white-coat hypertension, evaluate BP dipping patterns, and identify potential target organ damage in this cohort of patients. This cohort of 28 participants predominantly comprised medical residents re?ecting a population with potentially higher stress levels. 46.4% (13/28) were reclassi?ed as white-coat hypertensives (WCH). 69.7% (9/13) of these WCH were found to be non-dippers implying that WCH might not be a completely benign condition and warrants regular BP monitoring. The study also found that out of the 14 individuals with higher BMI, all but one were found to be having a non-dipping pattern. The ?ndings emphasize the need for ABPM monitoring in young medical personnel with isolated high of?ce blood pressure readings.
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Background - In modern medical practice there has been rapid and continuous emergence of resistant bacterial strains.Beta-lactamase is an enzyme that is produced by bacteria that breaks down the structural beta-lactam ring of penicillin and its synthetic derivatives.The persistent exposure of bacterial strains to a multitude of beta-lactams has induced a dynamic and continuous production and mutation of lactamase in many bacteria,expanding their activity even against the 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins.ESBL production has been observed mostly in Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, but all other clinically-relevant Enterobacteriaceae species are also common ESBL-producers. This was a single center ProspectiveMethods- Cross-sectional study of 3 months duration performed from 1/08/24 to 31/10/24 in the department of Microbiology Shyam Shah Medical College,Rewa and associated Sanjay Gandhi memorial hospital Rewa, (M.P.).Total 495 mid-stream urine samples of suspected UTI patients attending the out-patient department of sanjay gandhi memorial hospital rewa were collected aseptically in a wide mouth sterile urine container,properly labeled and sent to the microbiology laboratory under strict protocol.The samples were processed and the identi?cation of the organisms from the urine samples was done by standard microbiological techniques.Routine Antibiotic sensitivity testing (AST) with the help of 7 antibiotic disks (including Ceftazidime (CAZ) 30?g and Ceftriaxone (CTR) 30?g for ESBL screening was done for all the isolates by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method as recommended by latest CLSI guidelines and the E.coli and K.pneumoniae isolates which were found to be resistant to Ceftazidime and/or Ceftriaxone on routine AST were con?rmed for ESBL production by performing the Combination Disk Test (CDT) with the help of Ceftazidime (CAZ) 30?g and Ceftazidime-clavulanic acid (CAC) 30 ?g+10 ?g disks. Out of total 495 urineResults- samples received 307 (62%) samples showed growth of organisms.E.coli was found to be the most commonly isolated organism that was 172 (56%) and K.pneumoniae was the second most common isolated organism 98 (32%).Other isolates that were found are Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15 (5%), Staphylococcus spp. (including CoNS) 9 (3%), Proteus spp. 9 (3%), and others 4 (1%) including Citrobacter spp.,Acinetobacter spp.,Candida spp.On ESBL screening AST 107 (62%) of E.coli and 50 (51%) of K.pneumoniae isolates were found to be resistant to any one or both of the 3rd generation cephalosporins.After performing the ESBL Combined disk test (CDT) 56 (52%) of E.coli and 22 (45%) of K.pneumoniae isolates were con?rmed to be as ESBL producers.
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Labial adhesion is a state of partial or complete adhesion of the labia minora. It is commonly seen in prepubertal or postmenopausal women as they have low estrogen levels. It is rarely seen in reproductive age group due to abundance of estrogen. We present a neglected case of labial adhesion in a 17 years pubertal girl of who had an uncommon presentation and was managed differently. Detailed history and clinical examination was done along with all necessary laboratory and imaging studies and ?nal diagnosis was made, after which surgery was done. Labial adhesiolysis and urethro-cystoscopy was done. Post op period and follow up was without any complication. There are special situations in which labial adhesions can be treated surgically however treatment is individualised in every case ranging from medical management to surgery.
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Aims: To investigate the proximates of developed flaxseed butter. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar Telangana Agricultural University and Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India between January 2024 and August 2024. Methodology: Three developed flaxseed butter with varying proportion of groundnut (75g to 60g) incorporated with groundnut oil and palm oil (1-3ml) was compared with control peanut butter to establish the nutritional profile as well as flaxseed butter made of 100% flaxseed was also compared to establish a baseline of its nutritional profile. Results: The study have shown that there was a significant (P < 0.05) difference on the fat and protein content of the flaxseed butter as compared to control peanut butter whereas no significant difference was observed on the moisture and ash content. Conclusion: The results of the current study indicate that the developed flaxseed butter improved the nutritional content.
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Food processing industries are considered to be rapidly expanding sectors due to the increase in the need for food to prevent hunger and the need for nourishing food to support the development of a healthy country. Nowadays, around one-third of the fresh crop is squandered during the food processing chain and is dumped in landfills and the ocean. According to an FAO report, 805 million people worldwide suffer from hunger, yet in 2020, the globe threw away 126 million tons of food waste. High amounts of waste and by products are produced during the manufacturing and processing of food in developing nations, which has a detrimental effect on the environment and is very expensive. It is crucial to turn these food wastes and byproducts into value-added goods for social, environmental, and economic reasons. The 3Rs桼educe, Reuse, and Recycle梥hould be adhered to in order to address the problem of food waste in the food sector. Nonetheless, there is a good chance that these biomaterials will be used to create food additives, reducing poverty and malnutrition in the underdeveloped nations where they are generated. Beneficial substances including proteins, fats, carbohydrates, micronutrients, bioactive substances, and dietary fibers can be found in abundance in many of these biomaterials. First, this overview provides brief information on the production of different types of wastes from different processing sectors. Second, the several strategies for managing food waste sustainably as well as the difficulties in implementing these strategies are covered in length here. This review, is an assortment of information pertaining to the recovery of several value-added byproducts, such as biofuel generation, dietary fibers, phytochemicals, bio-preservatives, colorants, and bioactive compounds.
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Introduction:- The word 'yoga' is derived from the roots of Sanskrit 'Yuj' which means to join, to attach, to bind, yoke and a concentrate or one attention. The literal meaning of the word 'Yoga' is 'yoke'. It means for uniting the individual spirit with the Universal spirit or God. Purpose of the study is to ?nd out the 揈ffect of yoga on Pulmonary Variables among Yoga and Non-Purpose: - Yoga students in Paschim Medinipur District�. To achieve the purpose, total Sixty (60) subjects whose age rangingMaterials & Methods:- between 19-22 years were selected for the study from various college in Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal. The subjects were divided into two groups. They are Yoga Group and Non- yoga group. Each group contains 30 each. The Pulmonary variables were vital capacity (VC), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and Tidal volume (TV) which were measured by Spirometer, .The Yoga group were given the twelve (12) weeks yoga training in Paschim Medinipur district yoga centre. The training schedule was ?xed in the morning session as well as in the afternoon session minimum time duration 60-90 minutes per session with various types of yogasana including slow warming up, warm down and resting time between and set of the exercises. Non-yoga group does not practice yoga training. They are involved in normal physical activities in that period. A pre-test mean score was taken on both groups and the scores were recorded. Similarly, after Twelve (12) weeks of yoga training a post-test mean score was taken and scores were recorded. The Independent Paired- 't' test was conducted for evaluate the data and the level of signi?cance is ?xed at 0.05 level of con?dence. The data was analyzed statistically byResults & Discussion: - computing mean, standard deviation and't' test. It was observed that the Post-test mean score of yoga group were better improved than the Post- test mean scores of Non-yoga group. It is also evident that the calculated value of pulmonary variables in yoga group is more than the table value at 0.05 level of signi?cant. So, the result is signi?cant due to yoga practice. On the other hand, the calculated value of pulmonary variables in Non-yoga group is less than the table value at 0.05 level of signi?cant. So, the result is insigni?cant. The hypothesis is accepted since there was a signi?cant improvement in pulmonary variables due to 12 weeks of yoga training programmes. On the basis of the obtained result,Conclusion: - I concluded that Yogasana helps to improve the pulmonary variables due to twelve (12) weeks of yoga training programmes. So, Yoga group was better than the Non-yoga group.
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This research study was aimed at knowing and comparing the level of aggression among the players of body contact games and lifting events. The players of body contact games include Hockey, Football, Boxing, and Kho-Kho. The players of the lifting event include Powerlifting and Weightlifting. The athletes selected for the study have participated in various levels of competitions. An aggression questionnaire in which ?ve subscales of aggression including Anger, Physical Aggression, Hostile and Verbal anger was used. The questionnaire has been designed by Buss and Perry (1992). This questionnaire consists of a 5-point scale. Anger, Verbal aggression, Physical aggression and Hostility are the variables of this questionnaire. All athletes had to answer the questions with a 5-point scale to compare the level of aggression. For accomplishing the study SPSS version 27 was used to apply all statistical terms and Independent t-test was applied. This suggests that body contact game are more likely to experience greater aggression related to lifting events. Overall, the study's results underscore notable differences in aggression factors such as physical aggression, anger, hostility and verbal aggression between the players of body contact games and lifting events.
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Background: this is one of the many types of Protein that have been produced in response to the universal demand for the protein. Objective: highly puri?ed and convert into a high percentage of protein
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Digital technology has notably in?uenced verbal and nonverbal communication, offering various pros and cons in today's society. This paper examines digital communication, assessing its effects on interactions, relationships, and societal structures. Bene?ts include enhanced connectivity, faster communication, and greater collaboration ef?ciency. However, it challenges personal interactions and introduces risks like complacency, phishing, and cyberbullying. The study explores computer-mediated communication's impact on verbal and nonverbal methods, including emojis, emoticons, and avatars among students. It also examines digital communication's effects on relationships, focusing on communication, intimacy, and empathy. Moreover, it discusses societal impacts, such as democratization of information, global connectivity, and cultural ties. This study explores the challenges and opportunities of digital-age communication, regarding both verbal and nonverbal aspects within emerging technologies.
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This paper explores the interactions among MBA students within virtual environments and investigates the reasons behind their inadequacies in practical skills. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, many universities and institutions have fully adopted virtual interactions. This shift has led to students' inability to acquire essential hard skills crucial in the professional realm. MBA students, as potential entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs, are vital to the economic framework of a nation. This study employs a phenomenological research methodology, utilizing in-depth interviews to comprehend their experiences with virtual interactions. Two interviews were conducted with MBA professionals to gain insight into their experiences. The primary ?nding of this research indicates that virtual interactions have been particularly ineffective for students required to develop predominantly hard skills. In terms of implications, this study aids policymakers in grasping the consequences of virtual engagements. Disciplines requiring practical skills should refrain from virtual-only interactions; however, if necessary, a hybrid model could be adopted.
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Sexual harassment is any unwelcome sexual overture or conduct of a sexual nature that makes an individual uncomfortable. It may be physical, verbal or visual. It is imperative to understand what distinguishes sexual harassment from 揻riendly� behavior. Friendly behavior his welcome and mutual, and although sexual harassment is not rape, it is still a major nuisance for woman. As far as Kerala is being concerned, day by day, minute by minute the number of reported cases is increasing as far as the sexual harassment is concerned. The punishment system has lot of loop holes which is utilized by the culprits and this is the way how the cases are increasing. However, there are lot of government and non-government organizations which are providing lot of motivational steps in rehabilitating the sexually harassed women. This article throws light towards the effective steps in this scenario to protect our sisters as we have to hold the name, God's own country�.
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The AQ (Adversity Quotient) is a measure of how an individual can respond to life challenges. This paper presents a qualitative study that looks into ways that arti?cial intelligence (AI) can be incorporated into educational systems to improve the AQ of students. To achieve this, primary research was done with educators, AI professionals and students to ?nd out how technology can change education forever by fostering resilience, ?exibility and endurance within learners. Additionally, it looks at the implications of AI- based interventions on long-term learning results as well as societal resilience.
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 揟he social determinants of health (SDH) are the nonmedical factors that in?uence health outcomes.�he circumstances in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age signi?cantly impact health and well-being. Some examples of SDH are socioeconomic status, education level, employment, and access to health care. Oral health is an integral part of overall health, in?uenced by various social determinants, including socioeconomic status, education, geographical location, and cultural practices. Oral disease is associated with an array of structural determinants (income, goods, and services). It is also associated with daily living conditions, and social gradients have been reported for dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, and tooth loss. These determinants affect both access to dental care and oral health behaviors, resulting in signi?cant disparities. This review explores the role of social determinants in oral health, emphasizing how factors like income, education, and environment contribute to oral health inequities. We conclude by discussing interventions and policy implications aimed at reducing these disparities and promoting equitable oral health outcomes.