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Pituitary adenomas in elderly patients
Stalldecker, Graciela; Ballarino, Carolina; Diez, Sabrina; Mallea-Gil, María Susana.
  • Stalldecker, Graciela; Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano. AR
  • Ballarino, Carolina; Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor Dr. Cosme Argerich. Buenos Aires. AR
  • Diez, Sabrina; Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano. AR
  • Mallea-Gil, María Susana; Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor Dr. Cosme Argerich. Buenos Aires. AR
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 79(3): 191-196, June 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020058
ABSTRACT
Clinical presentation, treatment and its results were evaluated during long-term follow-up of 37 patients older than 65 years with pituitary adenomas. Causes of death were also evaluated. It was a retrospective and cross-sectional study. Prevalence of incidentalomas was 43% (16), macroadenomas 70.3% (26) and giant adenomas 16.2% (6). The most frequent tumor phenotype was the non-functioning adenoma (76%). The prevalence of visual field defects and neurological symptoms was 56% and 57%, respectively. We found normal pituitary function in 54%, partial deficiency in 30% and panhypopituitarism in 16%. Thirty-two patients were treated, 5 were lost to follow-up without receiving treatment. Surgery was indicated in 18. Of those operated by trans-sphenoidal approach, 23% had postsurgical complications and 54% improved the visual field. By trans-craneal approach, 50% had post-surgical complications and 33% visual field improvement. During follow-up (55.1 ± 48.7 months) no tumor regrowth was observed, except in a giant adenoma. Four operated patients died, two due to causes related to tumor. Fourteen were not operated, 11 with non-functioning adenomas and normal visual field were periodically controlled, and 3 with secreting adenomas received medical treatment. No tumor growth was observed during follow-up (43.7 ± 38.1 months). We did not observe tumor progression in elderly patients with non-functioning adenomas and normal visual field, so we suggest watchful approach and periodic control. When there are visual field defects, trans-sphenoidal surgery can be considered safe and effective. In secreting adenomas and depending on the associated comorbidities, medical treatment would be the appropriate approach.
RESUMEN
Se evaluó la presentación clínica, tratamiento y sus resultados durante el seguimiento prolongado de 37 pacientes mayores de 65 años con adenomas hipofisarios, y sus causas de muerte. El estudio fue retrospecti vo y transversal. La prevalencia de incidentalomas fue 43% (16), macroadenomas 70.3% (26) y adenomas gigantes 16.2% (6). El fenotipo tumoral más frecuente fue el adenoma no funcionante (76%). La prevalencia de alteraciones en el campo visual y síntomas neurológicos fue 56% y 57% respectivamente. El 54% tuvo función hipofisaria normal, deficiencia parcial el 30% y panhipopituitarismo el 16%. Fueron tratados 32, 5 se perdieron en el seguimiento sin recibir tratamiento. Indicamos cirugía en 18. De los operados por vía transesfenoidal, el 23% tuvo complicaciones postquirúrgicas y el 54% mejoría del campo visual. Por vía transcraneal el 50% sufrió complicaciones post quirúrgicas y el 33% mejoró el campo visual. Durante el seguimiento (55.1 ± 48.7 meses) no observamos recrecimiento tumoral, excepto en un adenoma gigante. Cuatro pacientes operados murieron, dos por causas al tumor. Catorce no fueron operados, 11 con adenomas no funcionantes y campo visual normal fueron controlados periódicamente y 3 con adenomas funcionantes recibieron tratamiento médico. No observamos crecimiento tumoral durante el seguimiento (43.7 ± 38.1 meses). No observamos crecimiento tumoral en adenomas no funcionantes y campo visual normal, por lo que sugerimos conducta expectante y control periódico. Cuando existe alteración del campo visual, la cirugía transesfenoidal es segura y efectiva. En los adenomas secretantes y dependiendo de las comorbilidades, sería apropiado optar por tratamiento médico.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Pituitary Neoplasms / Adenoma Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano/AR / Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor Dr. Cosme Argerich/AR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Pituitary Neoplasms / Adenoma Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano/AR / Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor Dr. Cosme Argerich/AR