Micellar propolis nanoformulation of high antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The present study reports a promising antioxidant protection by a recently developed micellar propolis formulation, against oxidative stress in in vitro and in vivo models of toxicity. The formulation, based on poplar propolis encapsulated in poly(ethylene oxide)-β-poly(propylene oxide)-β-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer (PEO26-PPO40-PEO26) micelles is characterized by small size (D h = 20 nm), enhances aqueous solubility and good colloidal stability. In vitro, propolis-loaded PEO26-PPO40-PEO26 micelles (20-100 µg/ml) significantly increased the cell viability of human hepatoma HepG2 cells, subjected to H2O2-induced cell injury (0.1 mM, 1 h). Antioxidant activity and protection of the micellar propolis were evaluated in a model of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats (10% CCl4 solution, 1.25 ml/kg, p.o.) by measurement of non-enzyme (malondialdehyde and glutathione) and enzyme (catalase and superoxide dismutase) biomarkers of oxidative stress. Clinic observations, hematological, biochemical parameters and histological analysis were also performed. In vivo, micellar propolis (20 mg/kg b.w., p.o., 14 days) ameliorated CCl4-induced acute liver injury in rats. The oral administration of micellar propolis significantly prevented serum transaminase increases, as well as brought the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase toward the controls levels. Therefore, PEO26-PPO40-PEO26 micelles could be considered as a promising oral delivery system of propolis against oxidative stress injury in liver cells.