Body dysmorphic disorder in patients attending a dermatology clinic in Nigeria: sociodemographic and clinical correlates
An. bras. dermatol
;
94(4): 422-428, July-Aug. 2019. tab
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1038314
ABSTRACT
Abstract Background:
Body dysmorphic disorder is a relatively common psychiatric disorder in the context of dermatology and cosmetic and plastic surgery but is underdiagnosed and underreported in Africa.Objective:
To evaluate the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder and symptoms of anxiety/depression and determine their sociodemographic and clinical correlates.Methods:
A systematic random sampling design was made to recruit 114 patients with skin diseases. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained. The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Modification of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was administered, and data were analyzed using SPSS 20.Results:
Mean age of participants was 37.70±17.47 years, and 67/114 (58.8%) were females. Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder was 41/114 (36.0%), and prevalence of anxiety/depression symptoms was 35/114 (30.7%). Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder in patients with anxiety/depression symptoms was 15/41 (36.6%), and patients with facial disorders expressed the highest burden of anxiety/depression symptoms, in 15/35 (42.9%). Factors associated with significantly higher mean body dysmorphic disorder include age<50years (p=0.039), and anxiety/depression (p<0.001), education below high school was associated with higher mean anxiety/depression score (P= 0.031). In a binary logistic regression model, presence of anxiety/depression symptoms was predictive of body dysmorphic disorder (OR=10.0, CI 4.1-28.2, p<0.001). Studylimitations:
the study is uncontrolled, conducted in a single source of care, thus limiting generalization to nonrelated settings.Conclusion:
Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder is high among dermatology patients and most prevalent in facial disorders. Facial diseases are associated with the highest burden of anxiety/depression symptoms. This is a clarion call for dermatologists to routinely assess for body dysmorphic disorder and appropriately refer affected patients to mental health care.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Anxiety
/
Skin Diseases
/
Depression
/
Body Dysmorphic Disorders
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
English
Journal:
An. bras. dermatol
Journal subject:
Dermatology
Year:
2019
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Canada
/
Nigeria
Institution/Affiliation country:
Ladoke Akintola University of Technology/NG
/
Obafemi Awolowo University/NG
/
Thompson General Hospital/CA
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