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Insuficiencia hepática aguda neonatal: un desafío diagnóstico / Neonatal acute liver failure: a diagnosis challenge
Ciocca, Mirta; Álvarez, Fernando.
  • Ciocca, Mirta; Hospital Alemán. Hepatología y Trasplante Hepático Pediátrico. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR
  • Álvarez, Fernando; Universidad de Montreal. Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine. Departamento de Pediatría. Montreal. CA
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(2): 175-180, abr. 2017. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1038364
RESUMEN
La insuficiencia hepática aguda durante el período neonatal es una enfermedad rara, muy grave, con elevada mortalidad. Se diferencia clínica y etiológicamente de la insuficiencia hepática aguda del niño mayor y del adulto. La coagulopatía, con un Rango Internacional Normatizado > 3, es el parámetro fundamental para definirla. Las causas más frecuentes son la hepatitis fetal aloinmune, previamente denominada hemocromatosis neonatal, las infecciones virales, las enfermedades metabólicas y la linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica. Existe un grupo de enfermedades tratables que es necesario diagnosticar con mucha rapidez para brindarles el tratamiento correspondiente. El paciente debe ser derivado precozmente a un centro especializado con disponibilidad de trasplante hepático pediátrico para poder darle esta alternativa terapéutica cuando esté indicada.
ABSTRACT
Neonatal acute liver failure is a rare, very severe disease with a high rate of mortality. It is clinically and etiologically different from acute liver failure seen in older children and adults. Coagulopathy with an international normalized ratio > 3 is the critical parameter that defines it. The most common causes are fetal alloimmune hepatitis, previously called neonatal hemochromatosis, viral infections, metabolic disorders, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. There is a group of treatable diseases that require a very early diagnosis for the prescription of an adequate treatment. Patients should be immediately referred to a specialized facility where pediatric liver transplantation is available to implement such therapeutic alternative, if indicated.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Liver Failure, Acute Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Screening study Limits: Humans / Infant, Newborn Language: English / Spanish Journal: Arch. argent. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina / Canada Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Alemán/AR / Universidad de Montreal/CA

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Liver Failure, Acute Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Screening study Limits: Humans / Infant, Newborn Language: English / Spanish Journal: Arch. argent. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina / Canada Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Alemán/AR / Universidad de Montreal/CA