Insuficiencia hepática aguda neonatal: un desafío diagnóstico / Neonatal acute liver failure: a diagnosis challenge
Arch. argent. pediatr
;
115(2): 175-180, abr. 2017. graf, tab
Article
in English, Spanish
| LILACS, BINACIS
| ID: biblio-1038364
RESUMEN
La insuficiencia hepática aguda durante el período neonatal es una enfermedad rara, muy grave, con elevada mortalidad. Se diferencia clínica y etiológicamente de la insuficiencia hepática aguda del niño mayor y del adulto. La coagulopatía, con un Rango Internacional Normatizado > 3, es el parámetro fundamental para definirla. Las causas más frecuentes son la hepatitis fetal aloinmune, previamente denominada hemocromatosis neonatal, las infecciones virales, las enfermedades metabólicas y la linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica. Existe un grupo de enfermedades tratables que es necesario diagnosticar con mucha rapidez para brindarles el tratamiento correspondiente. El paciente debe ser derivado precozmente a un centro especializado con disponibilidad de trasplante hepático pediátrico para poder darle esta alternativa terapéutica cuando esté indicada.
ABSTRACT
Neonatal acute liver failure is a rare, very severe disease with a high rate of mortality. It is clinically and etiologically different from acute liver failure seen in older children and adults. Coagulopathy with an international normalized ratio > 3 is the critical parameter that defines it. The most common causes are fetal alloimmune hepatitis, previously called neonatal hemochromatosis, viral infections, metabolic disorders, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. There is a group of treatable diseases that require a very early diagnosis for the prescription of an adequate treatment. Patients should be immediately referred to a specialized facility where pediatric liver transplantation is available to implement such therapeutic alternative, if indicated.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Liver Failure, Acute
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Etiology study
/
Screening study
Limits:
Humans
/
Infant, Newborn
Language:
English
/
Spanish
Journal:
Arch. argent. pediatr
Journal subject:
Pediatrics
Year:
2017
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Argentina
/
Canada
Institution/Affiliation country:
Hospital Alemán/AR
/
Universidad de Montreal/CA
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