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Screening for Non-communicable Diseases at a Walk-in Clinic in Trinidad and Tobago: A Time-motion Cross-sectional Study and Net Present Value Analysis / Pruebas de detección de enfermedades no transmisibles en una clínica ambulatoria de Trinidad y Tobago: estudio transversal de tiempos y movimientos y análisis del valor actual neto
Maharaj, RG; Teelucksingh, S; Chow, H; De Freitas, L.
  • Maharaj, RG; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. The Unit of Public Health and Primary Care. St Augustine. TT
  • Teelucksingh, S; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Medicine. St Augustine. TT
  • Chow, H; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Medicine. St Augustine. TT
  • De Freitas, L; North Central Regional Health Authority. TT
West Indian med. j ; 67(2): 122-130, Apr.-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045833
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT

Objective:

To determine the feasibility of recommending a screening process for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors, as a national and regional model.

Methods:

A cross-sectional, six-station process was carried out. It consisted of invitation and consent, history (personal and family history of NCDs), biometrics (waist circumference and body mass index), blood levels (lipids and glycosylated haemoglobin) and urinalysis (microalbuminuria), basic examinations (blood pressure, peripheral neuropathy, presence of acanthosis nigricans and visual acuity), and an exit interview. Net present value (NPV) calculations were carried out for very high-risk patients (those with a > 30% risk of a cardiovascular event (limb amputation) in the next 10 years) for two discount rates 0.75% (United States of America) and 3.4% (Trinidad and Tobago).

Results:

A convenience sample of 514 walk-in patients (56.2% recruitment rate) was screened (about 23 patients per day). The median time for a patient attending all stations was 21 minutes (range 11-59 minutes). Of the six stations, the laboratory took the longest median 10 minutes (range 2-50 minutes). The entire project cost US$20 439 (US$39.76 per patient). Between one and seven very high-risk patients (three sub-groups of patients had this risk profile) were identified. The cost of identifying a very high-risk patient ranged from US$2907 to US$20 349. The NPV of identifying these high-risk patients ranged from -US$6748.71 to US$14 725 and was favourable for three of four monetary scenarios.

Conclusion:

A six-station process to provide rapid screening of walk-in patients for NCDs was found to be feasible and provided monetary value in three of four scenarios in a Trinidad and Tobago setting.
RESUMEN
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Determinar la viabilidad de recomendar un proceso de cribado de las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) y sus factores de riesgo, como modelo nacional y regional.

Métodos:

Se realizó un proceso transversal de seis estaciones. El mismo consistió en invitación y consentimiento; historia (antecedentes personales y familiares de ENT); biometría (circunferencia de la cintura e índice de masa corporal); niveles sanguíneos (lípidos y hemoglobina glicosilada); y análisis de orina (microalbuminuria); exámenes básicos (presión arterial, neuropatía periférica, presencia de acantosis nigricans y agudeza visual); y una entrevista de salida. Se realizaron cálculos del valor actual neto (VAN) para pacientes de muy alto riesgo - pacientes con riesgo de un 30% de evento cardiovascular (amputación de extremidades) en los próximos 10 años - para dos tasas de descuento 0.75% (Estados Unidos de América) y 3.4% (Trinidad y Tobago).

Resultados:

Una muestra de conveniencia de 514 pacientes ambulatorios (tasa de reclutamiento de 56.2%) fue sometida a pruebas de detección (unos 23 pacientes por día). El tiempo promedio para que un paciente asistiera a todas las estaciones fue de 21 minutos (rango 11-59 minutos). De las seis estaciones, el laboratorio tomó el tiempo más largo un promedio de 10 minutos (rango 2-50 minutos). El proyecto entero costó $20 439 USD (39.76 USD por paciente). Entre uno y siete pacientes de muy alto riesgo (tres subgrupos de pacientes tenían este perfil de riesgo) fueron identificados. El costo de identificar a un paciente de muy alto riesgo osciló entre $2907 USD y $20 349 USD. El VAN de identificación de estos pacientes de alto riesgo fluctuó de $6748.71 a $14 725 USD, y fue favorable para tres de cuatro escenarios monetarios.

Conclusión:

Se halló que un proceso de seis estaciones para pruebas de detección rápidas de ENT a pacientes ambulatorios, es factible y proporciona valor monetario en tres de cuatro escenarios en un contexto de Trinidad y Tobago.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Mass Screening / Chronic Disease / Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures / Ambulatory Care / Noncommunicable Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Aged / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2018 Type: Article Affiliation country: Trinidad and Tobago Institution/Affiliation country: North Central Regional Health Authority/TT / The University of the West Indies/TT

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Mass Screening / Chronic Disease / Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures / Ambulatory Care / Noncommunicable Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Aged / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2018 Type: Article Affiliation country: Trinidad and Tobago Institution/Affiliation country: North Central Regional Health Authority/TT / The University of the West Indies/TT