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El efecto de la discriminación racial y étnica sobre la autoestima individual y colectiva según el fenotipo autoreportado en migrantes colombianos en Chile / The effect of racial and ethnic discrimination on individual and collective self-esteem according to the self-reported phenotype in Colombian migrants in Chile
Urzúa, Alfonso; Ferrer, Rodrigo; Olivares, Esthepany; Rojas, Jeraldinne; Ramírez, Romy.
  • Urzúa, Alfonso; Universidad Católica del Norte. CL
  • Ferrer, Rodrigo; Universidad de Tarapacá. CL
  • Olivares, Esthepany; Universidad Católica del Norte. CL
  • Rojas, Jeraldinne; Universidad Católica del Norte. CL
  • Ramírez, Romy; Universidad Católica del Norte. CL
Ter. psicol ; 37(3): 225-240, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1059120
RESUMEN
Resumen Mediante un diseño no experimental, analítico y transversal, se analizó el efecto que tiene la discriminación racial y étnica sobre la autoestima individual (AI) y colectiva (AC), según el fenotipo declarado. Para esto fueron encuestados 481 migrantes de nacionalidad colombiana (54 % mujeres y 46 % hombres), con edades entre los 18 y los 65 años, con una media de 35 años. Se aplicaron las escalas de AI de Rosenberg, de discriminación percibida de Krieger et al y la adaptación de Basabe de la escala de AC de Luthanen et al. Se observan efectos diferenciales de la discriminación étnica y/o racial sobre la AI y sobre la AC. En personas que se autoidentifican como "blancos", la percepción de discriminación racial se relaciona leve y positivamente con la AI; en quienes se perciben como "mestizos o nativos americanos", la discriminación racial tiene un efecto positivo moderado sobre la AC; en quienes se identifican como "afrodescendientes", ambas discriminaciones tienen un efecto positivo leve sobre la AI, mientras que la discriminación racial perjudicaría moderadamente la AC; y, finalmente, en quienes se identifican como "mulatos", ambas discriminaciones tendrían efectos leves o moderados positivos en los dos tipos de autoestima. Estos resultados aportan evidencia al efecto del fenotipo en la relación establecida entre la discriminación y la autoestima.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Through a non-experimental, analytical and cross-sectional design, we analyze the effect that racial and ethnic discrimination has on individual (ISE) and collective (CSE) self-esteem, according to the declared phenotype. 481 Colombian migrants (54 % women and 46 % men), aged between 18 and 65 (average of 35 years), were surveyed. Were applied the Rosenberg ISE scales, perceived discrimination of Krieger et al. and Basabe's adaptation of the CSE scale of Luthanen et al. Differential effects of ethnic and / or racial discrimination on ISE and on CSE are observed. In people who identify themselves as "white", the perception of racial discrimination is slightly and positively related to ISE. In those who are perceived as "mixed or Native American", racial discrimination has a moderate positive effect on CSE. In those who identify themselves as "Afro-descendants," both discriminations have a slight positive effect on ISE, while racial discrimination would moderately harm CSE. Finally, in those who identify themselves as "mulattos," both discriminations would have mild or moderate positive effects on both types of self-esteem. These results provide evidence to the effect of the phenotype on the relationship established between discrimination and self-esteem.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Self Concept / Transients and Migrants / Ethnicity / Adaptation to Disasters / Racism / Social Discrimination Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Ter. psicol Journal subject: Psychology Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Católica del Norte/CL / Universidad de Tarapacá/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Self Concept / Transients and Migrants / Ethnicity / Adaptation to Disasters / Racism / Social Discrimination Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Ter. psicol Journal subject: Psychology Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Católica del Norte/CL / Universidad de Tarapacá/CL