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Hiperbilirrubinemias hereditarias: un diagnóstico diferencial a considerar en ictericia / Hereditary hiperbilirrubinemias: a differential diagnosis to considerer in icterus
Díaz, Maximiliano; García, Dominga; Ortiz, Javier.
  • Díaz, Maximiliano; Pontificia Universidad Católica. Santiago. CL
  • García, Dominga; Pontificia Universidad Católica. Santiago. CL
  • Ortiz, Javier; Pontificia Universidad Católica. Santiago. CL
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 13(2): 17-26, 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1116767
RESUMEN
Las hiperbilirrubinemias hereditarias (HBH) son patologías originadas por defectos en las enzimas y proteínas que participan del metabolismo de la bilirrubina. El clearence de bilirrubina incluye captación y almacenamiento en hepatocitos, conjugación, excreción hacia la bilis y recaptura de su forma conjugada por hepatocitos. Las HBH varían de acuerdo a su patogenia, presentación clínica, niveles de bilirrubinemia y tratamientos disponibles. En general son poco frecuentes, a excepción del Síndrome de Gilbert. Están las que son de predominio indirecto, como el Síndrome de Gilbert y el de Crigler-Najjar, y las de predominio directo, como el Síndrome de Dubin-Johnson y el de Rotor. En general no requieren tratamiento específico y tienen curso benigno, a excepción del Síndrome de Crigler-Najjar para el cual existen medidas terapéuticas específicas a considerar, teniendo un pronóstico reservado para algunas de sus formas de presentación. Es importante el conocimiento de estos síndromes dado el alto índice de sospecha requerido para su diagnóstico y para su diferenciación de otras patologías hepatobiliares de mayor riesgo y severidad.
ABSTRACT
Hereditary hiperbilirrubinemias (HBH) are pathologies originated from the defect of the enzymes and proteins involved in the metabolism of bilirubin. The bilirubin clearance includes uptake and storage in hepatocytes, conjugation, excretion into bile and recapture of its conjugated form by hepatocytes. HBH vary according to their pathogenesis, clinical presentation, levels of bilirubin and available treatments. Generally they are infrequent, except for Gilbert Syndrome. There are those with indirect bilirubin predominance, such as Gilbert and Crigler-Najjar syndromes, and those with direct bilirubin predominance, including Dubin-Johnson and Rotor syndromes. In general, they do not require specific treatment and have a benign course, with the exception of the Crigler-Najjar Syndrome, for which there are specific therapeutic measures to consider, as well as a reserved prognosis for some of their forms of presentation. The knowledge of these syndromes is important 2 given the high index of suspicion required for its diagnosis and for its differentiation from other hepatobiliary pathologies of greater risk and severity.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Crigler-Najjar Syndrome / Gilbert Disease / Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary / Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic Type of study: Diagnostic study Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Pontificia Universidad Católica/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Crigler-Najjar Syndrome / Gilbert Disease / Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary / Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic Type of study: Diagnostic study Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Pontificia Universidad Católica/CL