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Adolescentes y jóvenes portadores de cardiopatías congénitas en etapa de transferencia a la atención médica de adultos / Adolescents and young adults with congenital heart defects in transfer to adult care
Soto V, Macarena; Zubarew G, Tamara; Arancibia-Galilea, Ma. Francisca.
  • Soto V, Macarena; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. División de Pediatría. Santiago. CL
  • Zubarew G, Tamara; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. División de Pediatría. Santiago. CL
  • Arancibia-Galilea, Ma. Francisca; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. División de Pediatría. Santiago. CL
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(3): 339-346, jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1126170
RESUMEN
Resumen

Introducción:

Las cardiopatías congénitas (CC), la malformación congénita más frecuente, han experimentado un aumento de sobrevida y crecimiento exponencial de la población de adolescentes y adultos portado res de CC. Para el éxito a largo plazo urgen intervenciones que optimicen la transición de cuidados de salud desde los servicios pediátricos a los de adulto.

Objetivo:

Describir el conocimiento y manejo de la enfermedad, autoeficacia y calidad de vida en adolescentes y jóvenes con CC en periodo de transfe rencia en dos hospitales en Santiago de Chile. Pacientes y

Método:

Estudio no experimental, descrip tivo, de corte transversal. Se aplicó a) Encuesta de datos sociodemográficos, conocimiento y manejo de su enfermedad y uso de servicios de salud; b) Escala Con-Qol de Calidad de Vida Relacionada con Salud (CVRS) en pacientes con CC y c) Escala de Autoeficacia Generalizada (EAG).

Resultados:

Se obtuvo una muestra de 51 pacientes, 53% hombres, edad promedio de 17 ± 2,49 años. El 22% de las CC fue de complejidad simple, 29% moderada y 49% alta. Presentaron alta autoeficacia y buenos niveles de calidad de vida, sin embargo, mostraron escaso conocimiento y manejo de su enfermedad cardiaca.

Conclusiones:

Destaca la poca preparación para lograr una transición exitosa a servicios de adultos y jóvenes portadores de CC, siendo fundamental implementar programas de transición centrados en educación, autocuidado y automanejo de la enfermedad.
ABSTRACT
Abstract

Introduction:

Congenital heart defects (CHD), the most frequent congenital malformations, have shown an in creased survival and exponential growth of the adolescent and adult population living with CHD. Interventions that optimize the transition of patients from pediatric to adult health care services are essential for ensuring positive long-term outcomes.

Objective:

To describe the knowledge and management of this disease, self-efficacy, and quality of life of young people with CHD during the transition period in two hospitals in Santiago, Chile. Patients and

Method:

Non-experimental, des criptive, cross-sectional study. Patients completed a) a survey of socio-demographic data, knowledge and management of their condition, and use of health services; b) the Health-Related Quality of Life (Con-HRQoL) Scale in patients with CHD; and c) the Generalized Self-Efficacy (GSE) Scale. Re sults We obtained a sample of 51 patients, 53% of them were men, and the mean age was 17 ± 2.49 years. The complexity of the CHD was mild in 22%, moderate in 29%, and high in 49%. Although patients reported high self-efficacy and good levels of quality of life, there was a lack of knowledge and self-management of their heart disease.

Conclusions:

The study showed that adolescents and young people with CHD are not prepared to achieve a successful transition to adult health care services, and there is a need for the implementation of transition programs focused on education, self-care, and self-management of the disease.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Quality of Life / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Self Efficacy / Transition to Adult Care / Heart Defects, Congenital Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Quality of Life / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Self Efficacy / Transition to Adult Care / Heart Defects, Congenital Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile/CL