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Corneal blindness in Platos cave: the acting forces to prevent and revert corneal opacity. Part I: epidemiology and new physiopathological concepts / A cegueira corneal na caverna de Platão: as forças para prevenir e reverter a opacidade da córnea. Parte I: epidemiologia e novos conceitos na fisiopatologia
Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryBarbosa, Amanda Pires; Department of Ophthalmology and OtorhinolaryngologyAlves, Monica; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryFurtado, João Marcello Fortes; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryAdriano, Leidiane; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryNominato, Luis Fernando; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryDias, Lara Cristina; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryFantucci, Marina Zilio; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryMurashima, Adriana de Andrade Batista; Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryRocha, Eduardo Melani.
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryBarbosa, Amanda Pires; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryBarbosa, Amanda Pires. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology and OtorhinolaryngologyAlves, Monica; Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Department of Ophthalmology and OtorhinolaryngologyAlves, Monica. Campinas. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryFurtado, João Marcello Fortes; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryFurtado, João Marcello Fortes. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryAdriano, Leidiane; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryAdriano, Leidiane. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryNominato, Luis Fernando; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryNominato, Luis Fernando. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryDias, Lara Cristina; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryDias, Lara Cristina. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryFantucci, Marina Zilio; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryFantucci, Marina Zilio. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryMurashima, Adriana de Andrade Batista; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryMurashima, Adriana de Andrade Batista. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryRocha, Eduardo Melani; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryRocha, Eduardo Melani. Ribeirão Preto. BR
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(5): 437-446, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131632
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The burden of corneal blindness and visual deficiency can be felt worldwide. Its association with several endemic diseases such as childhood blindness, trauma, infectious keratitis (including variants caused by herpes, hanseniasis, and fungi), vitamin A deficiency, diabetes mellitus, and other dry eye syndromes reflects its poorly understood underlying mechanisms and suggests that the actual frequency of the disease is underestimated. The low effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic strategies against corneal scarring or deformity predicts a high frequency of patients with corneal blindness in the future. Corneal blindness is associated with environmental factors and socioeconomic limitations that restrain health assistance and maintain a modest efficiency of the current therapeutic strategies for resolving corneal diseases in large-scale programs. We present here a critical review of the concepts associated with corneal blindness that need to be considered when planning strategies to prevent and treat corneal blindness worldwide (to be able to leave Plato's cave, where corneal blindness is encaged.
RESUMO
RESUMO O problema da deficiência visual e da cegueira corneal abrange o mundo todo e corresponde à quarta causa de cegueira e deficiência visual, com acometimento estimado de mais de 16 milhões de pessoas. A associação com várias doenças endêmicas, como cegueira infantil, trauma, ceratites infecciosas (incluindo herpes, hanseníase e fungos), hipovitaminose A, diabetes mellitus e outras causas de síndromes de olho seco, indicam que a verdadeira frequência é subestimada e que os diferentes mecanismos são pouco conhecidos. A baixa eficácia na prevenção e tratamento da cicatriz e deformidade da córnea permite antecipar que a prevalência da cegueira corneal irá crescer no futuro. As razões para o aumento da cegueira corneal envolvem fatores ambientais, limitações socioeconômicas para ampliar a assistência à saúde e a modesta eficiência das estratégias terapêuticas para resolver o problema em grande escala. O presente trabalho traz uma revisão crítica dos conceitos associados à cegueira corneal. Essa análise é uma etapa necessária para preparar o caminho com o objetivo de deixar a caverna que encarcera a cegueira corneal, em analogia ao mito de Platão, e melhorar as estratégias para prevenir e tratar a cegueira corneal em escala mundial.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Blindness / Corneal Opacity Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. oftalmol Journal subject: Ophthalmology Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Estadual de Campinas/BR / Universidade de São Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Blindness / Corneal Opacity Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. oftalmol Journal subject: Ophthalmology Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Estadual de Campinas/BR / Universidade de São Paulo/BR