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Effects of statin therapy on outcomes of ischemic stroke: a real-world experience in Brazil / Efeitos da terapia com estatinas nos desfechos do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico: uma experiência de mundo real no Brasil
Vittri, Bruno Kusznir; Gagliardi, Rubens José.
  • Vittri, Bruno Kusznir; Santa Casa de São Paulo. School of Medical Sciences. Department of Neurology. São Paulo. BR
  • Gagliardi, Rubens José; Santa Casa de São Paulo. School of Medical Sciences. Department of Neurology. São Paulo. BR
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 78(8): 461-467, Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131748
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT

Background:

Statin therapy has become one of the most important advances in stroke secondary prevention.

Objective:

To provide evidence from real-world data for evaluating detailed associations between secondary prevention of stroke and statin use in Brazil.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective cohort study including consecutive patients diagnosed with an ischemic stroke. Subjects were classified into non-statin, simvastatin 20 mg, simvastatin 40 mg, and high-potency statin groups. We also registered the onset of statin therapy, previous use of statins, the adherence to medication, and if there was discontinuation of the therapy. After two years, the functional outcome, stroke recurrence, major cardiovascular events, and mortality were assessed.

Results:

Among the 513 patients included in our cohort, there were 96 (18.7%) patients without statins, 169 (32.9%) with simvastatin 20 mg, 202 (39.3%) with simvastatin 40 mg, and 46 (9.0%) with high-potency statins. Patients without statins were at increased risk of stroke recurrence and worse functional outcomes. Concerning etiology, evidence of beneficial use of statins was observed in cases of large-artery atherosclerosis, small-vessel occlusion, and stroke of undetermined cause. Those who presented poor adherence to statins or discontinuation of the treatment had worse prognosis after stroke whereas the early onset of statins use was associated with better outcomes. Patients with simvastatin 40 mg and high-potency statins presented the best functional recovery throughout the follow-up.

Conclusions:

Statins play an important role in the treatment of ischemic stroke, preventing stroke recurrence and cardiovascular events, and improving functional performance.
RESUMO
RESUMO

Introdução:

A terapia com estatinas tornou-se um dos avanços mais importantes na prevenção secundária do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC).

Objetivo:

Fornecer evidências de dados do mundo real para avaliar associações detalhadas entre a prevenção secundária do AVC e o uso de estatinas no Brasil.

Métodos:

Realizamos um estudo de coorte prospectivo, incluindo pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de AVC isquêmico. Os indivíduos foram classificados em grupos sem estatinas, sinvastatina 20 mg, sinvastatina 40 mg e estatina de alta potência. Também registramos o início da terapêutica com estatinas, o uso prévio de estatinas, a adesão à medicação e se houve descontinuação da terapia. Após dois anos, foram avaliados o resultado funcional, a recorrência do AVC, os principais eventos cardiovasculares e a mortalidade.

Resultados:

Entre os 513 pacientes incluídos em nossa coorte, havia 96 (18,7%) pacientes sem estatinas, 169 (32,9%) com sinvastatina 20 mg, 202 (39,3%) com sinvastatina 40 mg e 46 (9,0%) com estatinas de alta potência. Pacientes sem estatinas apresentaram maior risco de recorrência de AVC e piores resultados funcionais. Em relação à etiologia, foram observadas evidências do benefício das estatinas nos casos de aterosclerose de grandes artérias, oclusão de pequenos vasos e AVC de causa indeterminada. Aqueles com baixa adesão às estatinas ou que interromperam o uso tiveram pior prognóstico após o AVC, enquanto o início precoce do uso de estatinas foi associado a melhores resultados. Pacientes com sinvastatina 40 mg e estatinas de alta potência apresentaram melhor recuperação funcional ao longo do período de acompanhamento.

Conclusões:

As estatinas desempenham um importante papel no tratamento do AVC isquêmico, prevenindo sua recorrência e eventos cardiovasculares e melhorando o desempenho funcional.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Brain Ischemia / Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Stroke Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Arq. neuropsiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Santa Casa de São Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Brain Ischemia / Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Stroke Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Arq. neuropsiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Santa Casa de São Paulo/BR