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Relación entre gestantes con anemia en edad materna de riesgo y bajo peso al nacer en un hospital de la seguridad social del Perú / Relationship Between Pregnant Women With Anemia At Risk Maternal Age And Low Birth Weight In A Social Security Hospital In Peru
Villalva Luna, Jose L; Villena Prado, Jhonattan J.
  • Villalva Luna, Jose L; Hospital Hipólito Unanue de Tacna - MINSA. Tacna. PE
  • Villena Prado, Jhonattan J; Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral- EsSalud. Lima. PE
Rev. Fac. Med. Hum ; 20(4): 581-588, Oct-Dic. 2020. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141290
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Determinar la asociación entre anemia en gestantes con edad materna de riesgo y bajo peso al nacer.

Métodos:

Se realizó un estudio de tipo no experimental, retrospectivo, transversal, analítico, de casos y controles. En el periodo de octubre a diciembre del 2019, se registraron un total de 312 gestantes con edad materna de riesgo (gestantes adolescentes y añosas), de los cuales 72 eran anémicas (Hb < 11 g/dl), siendo este el número de casos, y con el fin de mejorar la potencia estadística se estableció la relación entre casos y controles de 12, siendo el número de controles o gestantes no anémicas con edad materna de riesgo 142. Se analizaron características generales por grupo de gestantes anémicas y no anémicas, y su asociación con edad materna de riesgo. Se determinó mediante prueba de Chi-cuadrado y Odds ratio la asociación de anemia en gestantes adolescentes y añosas por separado con bajo peso al nacer.

Resultados:

Entre las variables estudiadas las gestantes anémicas presentaron mayor frecuencia de nuliparidad y parto vaginal, y en menor frecuencia antecedente de aborto y control prenatal adecuado. Las gestantes adolescentes que cursaron con anemia no se asociaron a mayor riesgo de bajo peso al nacer (p=0.056). Las gestantes añosas que cursaron con anemia se asociaron a 6 veces mayor riesgo de bajo peso al nacer (IC95% 2,219 a 18,026; p=0,000).

Conclusiones:

Las gestantes añosas tienen mayor riesgo de presentar productos con bajo peso al nacer.
ABSTRACT

Objective:

To determine the association between anemia in pregnant women with risk maternal age and low birth weight in the Obstetrics-Gynecology service of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen Hospital, in the period from October to December of the year 2018.

Methods:

A study of non-experimental, retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical, case-control type. In the period from October to December 2018, a total of 312 pregnant women with maternal age at risk (teenage and elderly pregnant women) were registered, of which 72 were anemic (Hb <11 g / dl), being the number of cases, and in order to improve statistical power, the relationship between cases and controls of 1 2 was established, with the number of controls or non-anemic pregnant women with risk maternal age 142. The general characteristics are analyzed by group of anemic pregnant women and non-anemic, and its association with risk maternal age. The association of anemia in separately pregnant adolescents and elderly women with low birth weight is determined by Chi-square test and Odds ratio.

Results:

Among the variables studied anemic pregnant women, the highest frequency of nulliparity and vaginal delivery, and the lowest frequency of a history of abortion and adequate prenatal control. Teenage pregnant women with anemia were not associated with an increased risk of low birth weight (p = 0.056). Pregnant women who were anemic were associated with a 6-fold increased risk of low birth weight (95% CI 2,219 to 18,026; p = 0.000).

Conclusions:

Elderly pregnant women have a higher risk of presenting products with low birth weight.


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: South America / Peru Language: English / Spanish Journal: Rev. Fac. Med. Hum Journal subject: Ciˆncias da Sa£de / Medicina Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Peru Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral- EsSalud/PE / Hospital Hipólito Unanue de Tacna - MINSA/PE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: South America / Peru Language: English / Spanish Journal: Rev. Fac. Med. Hum Journal subject: Ciˆncias da Sa£de / Medicina Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Peru Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral- EsSalud/PE / Hospital Hipólito Unanue de Tacna - MINSA/PE