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Adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral de personas con VIH/sida en la Atención Primaria de Salud / Adherence to antiretroviral treatment of people with HIV / AIDS in primary health care
Pérez Bastán, Jesús Enrique.
  • Pérez Bastán, Jesús Enrique; Policlínico Universitario Marcios Manduley. La Habana. CU
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 19(5): e2962, sept.-oct. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1144688
RESUMEN
RESUMEN

Introducción:

En el Tratamiento Antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA), la prevalencia de la adherencia terapéutica es un proceso complejo influido por múltiples factores relacionados con el paciente, la enfermedad, el fármaco, el entorno y el médico.

Objetivo:

Identificar el nivel de adherencia a la TARGA en personas con VIH/sida de un área de salud y algunas variables relacionadas. Material y

Métodos:

Estudio descriptivo realizado en 153 pacientes de 18 y más años, con diagnóstico de VIH/sida, del Policlínico "Marcos Manduley", municipio Centro Habana, de enero a diciembre de 2018. La fuente de datos fueron las historias clínicas individuales y se aplicó el cuestionario SMAQ para complementar la información. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado ((2) con significación estadística, ɒ = 0,05, se identificaron variables cuyos coeficientes fueron significativamente diferentes de 0 (p < 0,05) y el grado de correlación entre variables utilizando el coeficiente tau-b de Kendall.

Resultados:

El 70,5 por ciento tuvo buena adherencia a la TARGA. Se encontró asociación estadística y moderada relación directa entre la adherencia terapéutica y la menor edad de los pacientes, débil relación directa con el mayor tiempo bajo tratamiento y ligera relación directa con la presencia de reacciones adversa.

Conclusiones:

El estudio permitió identificar que el nivel de adherencia terapéutica a la TARGA fue adecuado, usando el cuestionario SMAQ y se relaciona con algunas variables, resultados que concuerdan con otros estudios consultados(AU)
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The prevalence of therapeutic adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) is a complex process influenced by multiple factors related to the patient, the disease, the drug, the environment and the doctor.

Objective:

To identify the level of adherence to HAART and some related variables in people with HIV / AIDS in a health area. Material and

Methods:

A descriptive study was carried out in 153 patients aged 18 and over with HIV / AIDS diagnosis that received medical assistance at "Marcios Manduley" Polyclinic in Centro Habana municipality from January to December 2018. Data were obtained from individual medical records; the simplified medication adherence questionnaire (SMAQ) was applied to complement the information. The Chi-square test ((2) was used with statistical significance, p = 0.05; variables whose coefficients were significantly different from 0 (p <0.05) were identified and the degree of correlation between variables was obtained using Kendall's correlation coefficient.

Results:

The results show that 70.5 percent of people had good adherence to HAART. There was statistical association and moderate direct relationship between therapeutic adherence and younger age patients, weak direct relationship with the longest duration of treatment and a slight direct relationship with the presence of adverse reactions.

Conclusions:

The study allowed us to identify that the level of therapeutic adherence to HAART was adequate using the SMAQ questionnaire. It is related to some variables, showing results that are consistent with other studies consulted(AU)
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Primary Health Care / HIV Infections / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Treatment Adherence and Compliance Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. habanera cienc. méd Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Policlínico Universitario Marcios Manduley/CU

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Primary Health Care / HIV Infections / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Treatment Adherence and Compliance Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. habanera cienc. méd Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Policlínico Universitario Marcios Manduley/CU