Actividad inhibitoria in vitro de extractos etanólicos de plantas del género Annona y Piper sobre promastigotes de Leishmania braziliensis / In vitro inhibitory activity of ethanolic extracts from Annona and Piper species on Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes

RESUMEN

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de extractos etanólicos de cinco especies del género Annona y cinco especies del género Piper frente a la línea clonal de referencia de promastigotes de Leishmania braziliensis. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluó el efecto de los extractos etanolicos de Annona hypoglauca, Annona montana, mucosa, Annona nítida, Annona squamosa, Piper acutifolium¸ Piper aduncum, Piper callosum, Piper carpunya y Piper peltatum; sobre cepas de promastigotes de Leishmania braziliensis MHON/ BR/79/M2904. El efecto leishmanicida in vitro se evaluó mediante el cálculo del IC50 por el método probit. Resultados. Las especies con mayor actividad fueron P. acutifolium (IC50=19,40 µg/mL) P. peltatum (IC50=26,6 µg/mL), P. callosum (IC50=21,7 µg/mL), A. mucosa (IC50=30,5 µg/mL) y A. montana (IC50=16,4 µg/mL). Conclusión. Los extractos etanólicos de P. acutifolium, P. peltatum, P. callosum, A. mucosa y A. montana, han mostrado una actividad leishmanicida in vitro. Sin embargo, estos efectos no son superiores a los exhibidos por Anfotericina B.

ABSTRACT

Objective. To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extracts of five species of genus Annona and five species of genus Piper against a clonal line of reference of Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes. Materials and methods. The ethanolic extracts of Annona hypoglauca, Annona montana, mucosa, Annona nítida, Annona squamosa, Piper acutifolium¸ Piper aduncum, Piper callosum, Piper carpunya and Piper peltatum were evaluated against strains of Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes (MHON/BR/79/ M2904). The in vitro leishmanicidal effect was evaluated through the IC50, which was calculated by the probit method. Results. The species with the highest activity were P. acutifolium (IC50=19,40 µg/ mL) P. peltatum (IC50=26,6 µg/mL), P. callosum (IC50=21,7 µg/mL), A. mucosa (IC50=30,5 µg/mL) and A. montana (IC50=16,4 µg/mL). Conclusion. The ethanolic extracts of P. acutifolium, P. peltatum, P. callosum, A. mucosa and A. montana, had shown some in vitro leishmanicidal activity. However, these effects are not superior to those exhibited by Amphotericin B.