Diseño y validación de una escala de actitudes hacia personas con orientación homosexual, estudio con estudiantes universitarios / Design and validation of a scale of attitudes towards people with homosexual orientation, study with university students

RESUMEN

Diseñar y validar una prueba psicométrica para la medición de actitudes de jóvenes universitarios colombianos hacia las personas con orientación homosexual. MÉTODO: Se llevó a cabo una revisión teórica para conformar los componentes de la escala, se elaboró la tabla de especificaciones y luego la construcción de los reactivos. Posteriormente. se realizó un proceso de validación de contenido por jueces expertos, se hicieron los ajustes correspondientes y se realizó la aplicación inicial con 179 participantes, obteniendo los análisis factoriales exploratorios y los análisis de confiabilidad, y luego la segunda aplicación a 200 estudiantes para obtener el análisis factorial confirmatorio. RESULTADOS: se obtuvo una escala con 18 ítems agrupados en cuatro factores que explican el 56,2% de la varianza total acumulada, con un modelo factorial que presenta adecuados índices de bondad de ajuste, un alfa de Cronbach de ,926. DISCUSIÓN: se obtuvo una escala válida, confiable y consistente para evaluar las actitudes de estudiantes universitarios hacia personas con orientación homosexual

ABSTRACT

To design and corroborate a psychometrical test which measures the different outlooks of university students in Colombia towards people with a homosexual orientation. METHOD: A theoretical review was applied to the study to determine the main factors of the test. Also, a clear-cut chart was designed and with it a Licket reactive scale. Subsequently, the items validation process was executed by a group of expert judges and all the necessary modifications were made in order to have accurate results. The first application was performed on 179 participants; the obtained results were represented throughout a factor and reliability analysis. In order to acquire a confirmatory factorial analysis, a second application was made on a different group of 200 students. RESULTS: After the analysis, it was obtained a scale with 18 items which were distributed among four main factors. These factors expound the 56.2% of the total accumulated variance with a factorial model that shows adequated indexes of the goodness of fit, being alpha Cronbach of, 926. DISCUSSION: It was obtained a valid, reliable and consistent scale that allows the evaluation of university students towards people with a homosexual orientation.