Predictores académicos y sociodemográficos de ansiedad y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes mexicanos de medicina. Estudio transversal / Academic and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students. A cross-sectional study
Gac. méd. Méx
;
156(1): 40-46, ene.-feb. 2020. tab
Article
in Spanish
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1249868
RESUMEN
Resumen Introducción:
Estudiantes de medicina reportan mayor ansiedad que estudiantes de otras carreras. El conocimiento sobre su bienestar psicológico es escaso.Objetivo:
Identificar factores sociodemográficos y académicos predictores del nivel de ansiedad y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes mexicanos de medicina.Método:
Estudio transversal de estudiantes mexicanos de medicina de primer (n = 59), tercer (n = 43) y quinto semestre (n = 59), que contestaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, la Escala de Ansiedad de Beck, la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos y la Escala de Evaluación de la Cohesión y la Adaptabilidad Familiar.Resultados:
Las mujeres presentaron mayor ansiedad (p < 0.01). La ansiedad en hombres fue similar en los distintos semestres (p > 0.05); las mujeres de tercer y quinto semestre fueron más ansiosas que las del primero (p < 0.01). Ansiedad y bienestar psicológico correlacionaron negativamente (p < 0.001). Se identificaron los subgrupos Menor ansiedad, mayor bienestar y Mayor ansiedad, menor bienestar, y una regresión logística identificó que ser mujer (OR = 4.70) y no profesar alguna religión (OR = 2.49) son factores predictores de mayor ansiedad.Conclusiones:
Las estudiantes de medicina constituyen una población de riesgo para mayor ansiedad y menor bienestar psicológico, lo que compromete su aprendizaje, calidad de vida y futuro ejercicio profesional.ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction:
Medical students report higher levels of anxiety than students from other majors. Knowledge about their psychological well-being is scarce.Objective:
To identify sociodemographic and academic factors that predict the level of anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students.Method:
Cross-sectional study of Mexican medical students of first (n = 59), third (n = 43) and fifth semester (n = 59), who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Psychological Well-being Scale for adults and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale.Results:
Females showed higher levels of anxiety (p < 0.01). Anxiety in males was similar in the different semesters (p > 0.05); women of third and fifth semesters were more anxious than those at first semester (p < 0.01). Anxiety and psychological well-being were negatively correlated (p < 0.001). The Less anxiety, higher level of well-being and More anxiety, lower level of well-being subgroups were characterized, and a logistic regression identified that being a woman (OR = 4.70) and not practicing any religion (OR = 2.49) are predictive factors of higher levels of anxiety.Conclusions:
Female medical students constitute a population at risk for higher levels of anxiety and less psychological well-being, which compromises their learning, quality of life and future professional practice.
Full text:
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Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Anxiety
/
Students, Medical
/
Mental Health
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Qualitative research
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Mexico
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Gac. méd. Méx
Journal subject:
Medicine
Year:
2020
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Mexico
Institution/Affiliation country:
Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico/MX
/
Instituto Politécnico Nacional/MX
/
Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey/MX
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