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Prevalence of obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia and their associated factors in children and adolescents in a municipality in the Brazilian Amazon region / Prevalência de obesidade, pressão arterial elevada e dislipidemia e seus fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes de um município amazônico, Brasil
Camargo, Juliana de Souza Almeida Aranha; Zamarchi, Tallita Beatriz de Oliveira; Balieiro, Antônio Alcirley da Silva; Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa; Camargo, Luís Marcelo Aranha.
  • Camargo, Juliana de Souza Almeida Aranha; Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Manaus. BR
  • Zamarchi, Tallita Beatriz de Oliveira; Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Manaus. BR
  • Balieiro, Antônio Alcirley da Silva; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute. Research Support Team. Manaus. BR
  • Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa; Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Manaus. BR
  • Camargo, Luís Marcelo Aranha; Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Manaus. BR
J. Hum. Growth Dev. (Impr.) ; 31(1): 37-46, Jan.-Apr. 2021. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1250151
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

The incidence of chronic noncommunicable disease (CND) are rocketting over the world, including in young adults. The WHO estimates that more than half of the deaths in the world, even in underdeveloped countries, are caused by CND.

OBJECTIVES:

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of obesity, high blood pressure (HBP) and dyslipidemia and its associated factors.

METHODS:

The authors carried out a cross-sectional study of 1,431 schools in the public-school system of Monte, Brazilian Western Amazon, with children and adolescents aged 6 to 15 years. A random sampling of 496 individuals was carried out. The OpenEpi platform was used to calculate the sample size, considering p<0.05 and a presumed prevalence of CND of 50%. The authors applied a clinical-epidemiological questionnaire, made anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests. Diagnostic parameters recommended by the recent guidelines of the Ministry of Health in Brazil were used.

RESULTS:

Prevalence of CND was Obesity 11.8%, HBP of 6.7% and dyslipidemia of 25.4%. After multivariate log-binomial analysis of the dependent variables, the statistically significant risk factors were overweight 18.4%, sedentary lifestyle 32.2%, family history of cardiovascular disease 23.4%, family history of HBP 84.2%, family dyslipidemia 55.8%, family obesity 38.7% and family chronic renal disease 40.6%.

CONCLUSION:

The findings pointed out to a context with a relatively high prevalence of CND, as well as their associated factors. Intervention measures such as health education, food education, stimulation of physical exercise, better school feeding and an improvement of the public health system are needed to mitigate the occurrence of CND.
RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO:

A incidência de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) está aumentando em todo o mundo, inclusive em adultos jovens. A OMS estima que mais da metade das mortes no mundo, mesmo em países subdesenvolvidos, são causadas por DCNT.

OBJETIVO:

O estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de obesidade, pressão arterial elevada (PAE) e dislipidemia e seus fatores associados.

MÉTODO:

Os autores realizaram um estudo transversal com uma amostra randomizada de 496 de 1.431 alunos das escolas da rede pública de ensino de Monte Negro, Amazônia Ocidental, com crianças e adolescentes de 6 a 15 anos. Foi realizada uma amostragem aleatória de 496 indivíduos. Para o cálculo do tamanho da amostra foi utilizada a plataforma OpenEpi, considerando p <0,05 e prevalência presumida de DCNT de 50%. Os autores aplicaram um questionário clínico-epidemiológico, realizaram medidas antropométricas e exames laboratoriais. Foram utilizados parâmetros diagnósticos recomendados pelas diretrizes recentes do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por por tetes estatísticos univariados e depois, multivariados, para se detectar associação entre causas e desfechos.

RESULTADOS:

A prevalência de DCNT foi Obesidade 11,8%, Pressão Arterial Elevada de 6,7% e dislipidemia de 25,4%. Após análise log-binomial multivariada das variáveis dependentes, os fatores associados estatisticamente significativos foram sobrepeso 18,4%, sedentarismo 32,2%, história familiar de doença cardiovascular 23,4%, história familiar de hipertensão arterial sistêmica 84,2%, dislipidemia familiar 55,8%, obesidade familiar 38,7% e doença renal crônica familiar 40,6%.

CONCLUSÃO:

Os achados apontam para um contexto com prevalência relativamente elevada de DCNT, bem como seus fatores associados em crianças/adolescentes. Medidas de intervenção como educação em saúde, educação alimentar, estímulo à prática de exercícios físicos, melhor alimentação escolar e melhoria do sistema público de saúde são necessárias para mitigar a ocorrência de DCNT.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: School Feeding / Food and Nutrition Education / Exercise / Public Health / Prevalence / Adolescent Health / Dyslipidemias / Overweight / Sedentary Behavior / Noncommunicable Diseases Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Child Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: J. Hum. Growth Dev. (Impr.) Journal subject: Pediatrics / Public Health Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute/BR / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: School Feeding / Food and Nutrition Education / Exercise / Public Health / Prevalence / Adolescent Health / Dyslipidemias / Overweight / Sedentary Behavior / Noncommunicable Diseases Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Child Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: J. Hum. Growth Dev. (Impr.) Journal subject: Pediatrics / Public Health Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute/BR / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute/BR