Are stress and symptoms of depression associated with halitosis? A cross-sectional study
Braz. j. oral sci
;
20: e211322, jan.-dez. 2021. ilus
Article
in English
| BBO, LILACS
| ID: biblio-1254256
ABSTRACT
Mood disorders such as stress and depression can promote alterations of several hormones Aim:
The present study aimed to evaluate if symptoms of depression and stress are associated with halitosis. The hypothesis is that halitosis is associated with stress and depression symptoms.Methods:
All university students' entrants in the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) were invited to participate. Self-reported halitosis was measured using a visual analog scale. Students were also asked about the presence of halitosis perceived by close individuals. The stress level was measured using a modified version of the Perceived Stress Scale and symptoms of depression were screened by Patient Health Questionnaire-2. Poisson Regression Models were performed.Results:
Of a total of 2,058 students who participated in the study, only 16% of them have reported not having any degree of halitosis and 17.6% were informed of closed individuals having halitosis. After adjustments, stress and depression symptoms remained associated with halitosis selfreported. Individuals from the higher stressed quartile presented higher scores of halitosis (RR 1.37 CI95% [1.241.53]). Students who presented depressive symptoms showed higher scores of self-perceived halitosis (RR 1.20 CI95% [1.101.32]). When the association of stress and halitosis reported by close individuals was tested, symptoms of depression lost the association in the adjusted model, while individuals from the highest quartile from stress remained associated (PR 1.36 CI95% [1.021.81]).Conclusion:
Halitosis was associated with stress even after control for oral health and socioeconomic variables
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Stress, Psychological
/
Depression
/
Halitosis
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Braz. j. oral sci
Journal subject:
Dentistry
Year:
2021
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Federal University of Pelotas/BR
/
University of Passo Fundo/BR
/
University of Vale do Taquari/BR
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