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Lowered serum cesium levels in schizophrenia: association with immune-inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive impairments
Almulla, Abbas F.; Moustafa, Shatha R.; Al-Dujaili, Arafat H.; Al-Hakeim, Hussein K.; Maes, Michael.
  • Almulla, Abbas F.; College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University. Medical Laboratory Technology Department. IQ
  • Moustafa, Shatha R.; College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University. Clinical Analysis Department. Havalan City. IQ
  • Al-Dujaili, Arafat H.; University of Kufa. Senior Clinical Psychiatrist at the Faculty of Medicine. IQ
  • Al-Hakeim, Hussein K.; College of Science, University of Kufa. Department of Chemistry. IQ
  • Maes, Michael; Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Psychiatry. TH
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 43(2): 131-137, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285522
ABSTRACT

Objectives:

A previous study has shown that schizophrenia (SCZ) is accompanied by lowered levels of trace/metal elements, including cesium. However, it is not clear whether changes in cesium, rubidium, and rhenium are associated with activated immune-inflammatory pathways, cognitive impairments, and the symptomatology of SCZ.

Methods:

This study measured cesium, rubidium, and rhenium, cognitive impairments (using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia [BACS]), and the levels of cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and eotaxin (CCL11) in 120 patients with SCZ and 54 healthy controls. Severity of illness was assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Rating (FF) Scale, and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).

Results:

Serum cesium was significantly lower in patients with SCZ as compared with controls. Further, serum cesium was significantly and inversely associated with CCL11 and TNF-α, but not IL-1β, in patients with SCZ; significant inverse associations were also noted between serum cesium levels and BPRS, FF, HAM-D, and SANS scores. Finally, cesium was positively correlated with neurocognitive probe results including the Tower of London, Symbol Coding, Controlled Word Association, Category Instances, Digit Sequencing Task, and List Learning tests.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that lowered serum cesium levels may play a role in the pathophysiology of SCZ, contributing to specific symptom domains including negative, depressive and fatigue symptoms, neurocognitive impairments (spatial working, episodic, and semantic memory and executive functions), and neuroimmune pathways.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Schizophrenia / Cognitive Dysfunction Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Iraq / Thailand Institution/Affiliation country: Chulalongkorn University/TH / College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University/IQ / College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University/IQ / College of Science, University of Kufa/IQ / University of Kufa/IQ

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Schizophrenia / Cognitive Dysfunction Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Iraq / Thailand Institution/Affiliation country: Chulalongkorn University/TH / College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University/IQ / College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University/IQ / College of Science, University of Kufa/IQ / University of Kufa/IQ